Paul Nouri
Analyst · Noble Equity Fund. Please go ahead.
On malaria, can you get into a little detail about the timing, and what you expect the competitive environment to be when you enter the market?
Ronan O’Caoimh: The timing is, we probably expect not to be into the market until the start of 2020. By the time we perform the trials, finish the trials and submit to the WHO, get approval, and meanwhile also transfer production of the product out of our R&D facility in Carlsbad and move it into Ireland, and so all of that I think, makes it a 2020 product. I mean, the market is monstrous. I mean, just as by way of an example, I mean Nigeria used $120 million tests last year just that one country alone. So the market is huge, but it’s a very, very price sensitive market, and so pricing is going to be in the $0.25 to $0.50 region typically, and that would compare with sort of HIV, where we’re selling at $1.50 now, where the market leader screening is done at sort of $0.85 to $0.90. So it’s extremely price competitive market. And towards a higher level of the numbers I mentioned, we can operate at a modest profit. So it’s – what we do have, we believe, is the best product in market. We believe that we’re just ahead probably of the market leader, but the market leader which was doing like sort of 150 million tests – maybe somewhere 150 million to 200 million tests a year, is experiencing difficulty in terms of the pricing. So there’s competition out there, out of India and China, very low cost off, in some instances not as great quality. It is taking the WHO time to kind of weed through them because what – some of them would have had existing approvals. So basically pricing is an issue and a concern. So we will be operating at the kind of higher level of that market.