Howard Yu
Analyst · Elizabeth Anderson with Evercore
Thanks, Amir. Third quarter sales declined 2.9% to $640.5 million. Sales were unfavorably impacted 2.6% due to discontinued products and were positively impacted 0.1% from acquisitions and 0.8% from currency. Core sales decreased approximately 1.2%, a significant improvement in growth from the first half of 2020 as global dental market demand has recovered faster than anticipated. The improving performance was led by our consumables businesses, which increased at a low single-digit rate. Geographically, sales in the developed markets were up low single digits as patients have returned for treatment with most offices now open for nonemergency care. In addition to improving patient volume, our U.S. results were particularly strong due to the robust demand in our infection prevention products.
In Western Europe, we experienced year-over-year growth in most major countries, except for the U.K., where we have yet to see a broad-based resumption of elective dental procedures. In emerging markets, China returned to high single-digit growth due to strong performance in our specialty businesses. Our specialty business did particularly well in private sector where actions we have taken to increase our market share helped to drive double-digit growth increase in revenue. Outside of China, other emerging markets declined at a double-digit rate as the COVID-19 outbreak suppressed demand.
Our adjusted gross margins of 54.5% declined 120 basis points due, in part, to foreign currency and product mix as we build capacity for new products in our specialty business. Adjusted operating profit margin was 18.7%, an increase of 340 basis points, largely driven by our cost reduction initiatives. We have secured more than 80% of our permanent cost reduction program goal of $100 million and remain on track to be completed by the end of the fourth quarter. Our cost actions have led to year-over-year decrease in personnel and direct spending by more than 15% in the quarter. Profitability substantially increased with adjusted EBITDA growing by 18.6% to $132 million. Our 2020 third quarter adjusted EPS of $0.48 is an increase of approximately 40% in comparison to the 2019 third quarter results adjusted to include incremental corporate costs and interest expense of approximately $29 million from being a stand-alone public company.
The stronger operational performance and expense management helped to return the business to cash generation in the third quarter with free cash flow of $135 million, an increase of more than 70% from the prior year. The team did an outstanding job with collections, reducing inventory built up before the pandemic and managing terms with suppliers, which also helped to lead better performance in the quarter. We fully repaid our revolving credit facility and ended the quarter with more than $700 million of cash, leaving our balance sheet in a very strong position exiting the quarter.
Turning now to our 2 business segments. Our Specialty Products & Technologies segment sales were down 0.3%, while core revenue declined 1.3%. Our orthodontic business grew at a low double-digit rate with substantial contribution from both bracket and wires and clear aligners. Notably, bracket and wires increased at a high single-digit rate with mid-teens growth in developed markets as orthodontists have seen a significant increase in volume across their practices. While this is due, in part, to pent-up demand from office closures during the first half, there is also a considerable amount of new case start activity occurring, and our business exited the quarter with a healthy backlog. Patients are taking advantage of more flexible work and school schedules, and in many cases, more discretionary income due to canceled leisure activities. This is particularly true within the teen segment, which makes up a large share of our orthodontic business.
In China, we held the Ormco Forum in the third quarter, which was the first major event since the onset of the pandemic. During the 2-day session, the team delivered a comprehensive education program to more than 1,000 health care providers and featured 3 new products: Spark Clear Aligners; our aesthetic bracket system, Symetri; and our flagship, Damon DQ2 bracket system. The immediate engagement that the event generated illustrates the opportunity that exists in the China market.
Our implant business declined at a mid-single-digit rate, primarily due to weakness in emerging markets outside of China, where conditions have remained challenging. At Nobel, we are encouraged by the early progress on commercial execution and new product initiatives. In North America, Nobel's revenue from our DSO customers increased at a mid-single-digit rate as our strategic partnerships continue to expand. In Western Europe, the combination of our successful product launches and improving sales force execution helped to drive growth at Nobel, while setting us up for better long-term performance.
Examples of new product launches, which contributed to this performance are TiUltra and Xeal, which were launched in Europe in the second quarter of 2019. These new implant and abutment surfaces promote earlier osseointegration, soft tissue attachment and better aesthetics. Despite the pandemic, we shipped more than 100,000 implants with this technology in 2020. Specialty Products & Technologies' adjusted operating profit margin increased by 40 basis points to 22.1% due primarily to cost savings from our structural program, which were partially offset by increased investment in clear aligners.
Our Equipment & Consumables segment sales decreased 5.2%, while core sales decreased 0.6%. Discontinued products adversely impacted sales by 4.7%, and we anticipate discontinued products will have an adverse impact of approximately 6.5% of segment sales in the fourth quarter of 2020. Traditional consumables increased at a high single-digit rate, led by infection prevention business, which grew more than 30%. We anticipate the strong performance in infection prevention to continue as our backlog position remains at near-record levels of more than $30 million entering the fourth quarter.
In our restorative and endodontic businesses, we experienced a modest decline primarily due to lower procedure volume, which has gradually improved through the quarter. Also contributing to the improvement in restorative volume was the introduction of our SimpliShade composites. SimpliShade features just 3 shades that blend well with an entire range of tooth colors in comparison to traditional composites which require more than 16. This allows dentists to more easily match 2 shades which improves efficiency while reducing inventory requirements. Launched in North America in September, this product helped drive an increase in end-user demand of more than 5% for our composite portfolio for the month.
Our equipment business declined at mid-single-digit rate with significant sequential improvement in revenue in all product categories. The equipment business has been more resilient than originally anticipated as dentists' willingness to make planned capital investments has been supported by improving patient volume and government support of capital purchases in select geographies. We are particularly pleased with the strong demand of our imaging workflow solutions, including our 3D CBCT, portable x-ray and sensor products, which are helping clinicians operate their practices more efficiently. Sales from these imaging products increased slightly in the quarter. Equipment & Consumables' adjusted operating profit margin increased 920 basis points to 20.6%, impacted both by a favorable product mix and a tremendous job by the team executing on our cost reduction program, which drove more than 400 basis points of improvement.
With improving growth in our infection prevention business, the exit of our treatment center business in North America and Brazil and sustained cost reductions, we anticipate that the Equipment & Consumables business will continue to have better operating margins going forward.
I'll now turn it back to Amir, who will walk you through some details of our current operating environment.