Starting with North America, net sales were $856 million in the first quarter up 1% from the first quarter 2011. Sales in our hardware category decreased 1% due to the completion of certain large multi-quarter deployments in 2011. Sales in our software category increased 9% compared to last year due primarily to higher sales of business productivity software to large enterprise clients. Sales of services decreased 10% year-over-year reflecting the completion of a timed engagement early in the fourth quarter 2011 that was not replaced in Q1 of 2012.
Gross profit in North America for the first quarter increased 4% year-over-year to $114 million and gross margin increased 35 basis points to 13.2% compared to the prior year. This change in margin reflects 31 basis points due to a higher mix of higher margin services sales year-to-year despite lower services volume in the first quarter. Selling and administrative expenses for North America in the first quarter decreased approximately 1% to $92 million and as a percentage of sales decreased 20 basis points to 10.7%.
Excluding a non-cash charge of approximately $1.4 million to write off certain capitalized software costs recorded in the first quarter 2011, selling and administrative costs increased approximately $800,000 year-over-year. This increase is due to investments in headcount and higher medical and other benefit expenses which were partially offset by decreases in other areas.
We also recorded $489,000 in severance and restructuring expenses in this segment in the first quarter compared to $321,000 in the same period last year. As a result, earnings from operations in North America were $21.2 million or 2.5% of net sales in the first quarter of 2012, up 28% from the $16.6 million or 2% of net sales reported in the first quarter 2011.
Moving on to EMEA, our EMEA operating segment reported net sales of $349 million up 4% in US dollars. In constant currency, net sales increased 7%. Also in constant currency, sales of hardware grew 25% due to both organic growth as well as the effects of our recent acquisition. Software sales decreased 4% and sales of services increased 22% compared to the first quarter of last year, both in constant currency terms.
Gross profit in EMEA was up 7% in US dollars and up 10% in constant currency terms while gross margins increased 45 basis points to 14.5% primarily driven by increased gross product margin which includes vendor funding and freight partially offset by lower volume of fees from enterprise agreements.
Selling and administrative expenses in EMEA in the first quarter were up 11% in US dollars and in constant currency were up 14%. This increase year-over-year was driven primarily by investments in headcount and the addition of our Inmac acquisition into our portfolio.
As we mentioned in our last conference call, in February 2012 we completed the acquisition of Inmac, a hardware reseller located in Frankfurt and Amsterdam. This acquisition is strategically important for us as we look to expand our hardware capabilities into other countries in our EMEA footprint. The Inmac business performed in accordance with our expectations in the first quarter delivering net sales of approximately $20 million and a modest profit.
We recorded approximately $260,000 in transaction related expenses in the quarter. Also, we have completed our purchase accounting for this acquisition and have recorded a non-operating gain of $2 million, $1.7 million net of tax in the first quarter 2012 as the fair value of the net assets acquired exceeded the purchase price. EMEA also recorded $885,000 in severance expense in the first quarter 2012 compared to $203,000 in the same period last year. Earnings from operations in EMEA were $4.1 million in this first quarter, down from $6 million reported last year.
Our Asia Pacific operating segment reported net sales of $39 million up 9% from prior year in US dollars and up 5% in constant currency terms. Gross profit was $6.2 million and gross margin was 16.2% consistent with last year. Selling and administration expenses in APAC increased 10% in US dollars and 5% in constant currency.
As a result, our Asia Pacific segment recorded earnings from operations of approximately $300,000 which was flat year-over-year. Our expected tax rate for the first quarter was 35.6%, slightly below our expected range of 36% to 38%. This was due to the tax on the non-operating gain discussed earlier related to the Inmac acquisition in EMEA which was recorded at a tax rate less than our cash US federal tax rate.
Moving on to working capital metrics and cash flow performance, in the first quarter cash flow used in operations was $20 million compared to cash generation of $84 million for the same period 2011. In the first quarter 2011 our cash flows benefitted from the timing of a large supplier payment that according to its scheduled payment term was paid in April.
In addition, our cash inflows in the first quarter 2011 included the early collection of a single significant client receivable. It was primarily these items that drove the increase in our cash conversion cycle year-to-year to 26 days. This is higher than our targeted cycle in the low 20s in terms of day due primarily to a decrease in [DTO] in North America in EMEA due to business mix.
We also invested $7.8 million in capital expenditures this quarter compared to $5 million in last year’s first quarter and $3.8 million on the Inmac acquisition. As a result, we ended the quarter with $133 million of cash of which $116 million was in foreign subsidiaries and $188.5 million of debt outstanding on our revolver. This compares to $141 million of cash, and $70 million of debt outstanding on our revolving credit facility at the end of the first quarter 2012.
One last update, just last week we completed the refinancing of our senior revolving credit facility and inventory financing facility extending the maturity of both until April 2017. We also renewed our ABS facility for a new 3 year term through April 2016. Between these new facilities we will now have access to $750 million of borrowing capacity to support the working capital requirements of our business and to fund internal projects and potential future acquisitions.
We’re very pleased to have the tremendous support of our group of lenders and access to low cost capital as we grow our business. I will now turn the call back to Ken for his closing comments.