Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the NACCO Industries Third Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all line are in listen-only mode. Following the presentation we will conduct a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] This call is being recorded on Thursday, October 31, 2024. I would now like to turn the conference over to our Investor Relations, Mrs. Christina Kmetko. Please go ahead.

Thank you. Good morning, everyone, and welcome to our third quarter 2024 earnings call. Thank you for joining us this morning. I'm Christina Kmetko and I'm responsible for Investor Relations at NACCO. Joining me today are J.C. Butler, President and Chief Executive Officer; and Elizabeth Loveman, Senior Vice President and Controller. Yesterday, we published our 2024 third results and filed our 10-Q. This information is available on our website. Today's call is also being webcast. The webcast will be on our website later this afternoon and available for approximately 12 months. Our remarks that follow, including answers to your questions, contain forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to several risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements made here today. These risks include, among others, matters that we've described in our earnings release, 10-Q and other SEC filings. We may not update these forward-looking statements until our next quarterly earnings conference call. We'll also be discussing non-GAAP information that we believe is useful in evaluating the company's operating performance. Reconciliations for these non-GAAP measures can be found in our earnings release and on our website. With the formalities out of the way, I'll turn the call over to J.C. for some opening remarks. J.C.?

Thank you, Christy, and good morning to those listening. Our 2024 third quarter was another strong quarter for us. It was very much helped along by the $13.6 million of business interruption insurance income we recorded at Mississippi Lignite Mining Company in relation to a boiler outage of the customers' power plant that reduced customer demand from mid-December 2023 until the end of July. However, even without the insurance recovery, I'm pleased to say our results were very strong, specifically in our Coal Mining and Minerals Management segments. Excluding the insurance, our consolidated operating profit increased over 197% from last year's third quarter loss. Christy will provide more detail about our third quarter income and an overview of our outlook after my remarks on the operations. I'll start with the positive operational news at our Coal Mining segment, which delivered the biggest year-over-year improvement for the third quarter. As you might have surmised from my previous insurance recovery comment, The Red Hills power plant completed the repairs to the damaged boiler during the quarter. That said, the resolution of this issue was only a small factor in the Coal Mining segment's improved results. Coal mining revenues declined primarily due to fewer deliveries at The Red Hills power plant as compared with 2023 when the plant was operational for an entire quarter. Despite this lower customer demand, Mississippi Lignite Mining Company's Red Hills mine operated more efficiently this quarter than one year ago. In 2023, we were still finalizing the move to a new mine area and contending with difficult mining conditions related both to the move and to weather. We're now established in this new mine area and mining conditions have improved. This contributed significantly to the improved results at this mine for the quarter. And I'd also like to…

Thank you, J.C. I'll start with some high-level comments about our consolidated third quarter financial results, then I'll discuss the results of our individual segments. At the consolidated level, we reported operating profit of $19.7 million and net income of $15.6 million, which equated to $2.14 per share. For last year's third quarter, we reported an operating loss of $6.3 million and a net loss of $3.8 million or a loss of $0.51 per share. EBITDA increased to $25.7 million from $400,000 in 2023. As J.C. mentioned, these financial results include insurance recovery income of $13.6 million recorded in our Coal Mining segment results. Looking at our Coal Mining segment, that segment reported operating profit of $19.9 million and generated segment adjusted EBITDA of $22.1 million. This compares to an operating loss of $4.7 million and close to breakeven segment adjusted EBITDA in 2023. J.C. generally discussed the reasons for the higher Coal Mining segment results. I would note that in addition to the favorable MLMC results and higher Falkirk pricing, improved results at Coteau, another one of our unconsolidated mines, also contributed to the profit improvement. Since J.C. already provided the primary drivers of the Minerals Management and North American Mining results, I will just mention the financial numbers. Minerals Management's third quarter revenues of -- 2024 revenues of $8.8 million increased 54% from $5.7 million a year ago. Operating profit improved to $6.2 million, up 71% compared to $3.6 million in the 2023 third quarter. North American Mining reported an operating loss of approximately $0.5 million versus profit of $900,000 in 2023. Segment adjusted EBITDA was $2.2 million and down approximately $700,000 from last year. Looking forward, we expect our Coal Mining segment operating profit to increase in both the 2024 fourth quarter and full year compared with…

Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from the line of Doug Weiss from DSW Investment. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning.

Good morning, Doug.

Good morning, Doug.

So I guess starting with the potash customer, what happens when a customer is facing financial difficulties? Do you stop doing work? And then what happens to the equipment and so on?

Well, I mean, generally, it completely depends on the situation, right? We're going to handle any of these specifically to the circumstances. If it's a place where we can pull people away so that we're not incurring costs, if it's a contract where we're actually paying the cost, then we'll pull our employees away, we'll reduce costs, do what we need to do, secure equipment, if it's our equipment, button things up. In other situations, it might be that a customer is paying all the costs, and we'll make an assessment about the situation there as well. So it's really -- it's very, very, very situation-specific and contract specific.

Are you able to say how many tons that contract is?

No. I will also tell you that -- one of the things that I've been thinking about anyway is, as we start to diversify into more and more different kinds of minerals within the North American Mining segment, it is tons really a useful statistic. While it's -- when it's -- predominantly limestone makes sense. As you start mixing in other things like potash and lithium and other things that we'd like to mine in the future, it becomes a less meaningful number.

Okay. And by the way, I think I misspoke. I think I described it as potash, but it's phosphate, right?

Yes. Sorry, I'm sorry, phosphate. You got me doing it, too.

I planted that in your head. So -- Okay. And I guess you don't want to characterize whether this is a contract where the customer is covering the cost?

I mean, look, we took a charge that we thought -- I mean, you know how [indiscernible] works, right? If you've got any concerns at all, you need to take a charge. I think our statement was we're hopeful that this is going to get resolved here in the next couple of quarters and that these guys are going to be moving forward. So that's our position as we stand here right now. We're obviously staying very close to it. They're being very transparent with us, and we feel overall pretty good about the situation and where it's headed. But we're not in control, and we're a service provider, and we're going to have to see how this plays out.

Okay. And then the 10-Q mentioned that the decline in tonnage for the quarter still on North American Mining was largely due to rain and customer maintenance. Would you expect that tonnage to kind of bounce back to the levels in the second quarter as in the fourth quarter and going forward?

Yes. So normally, I think we would. The big wildcard is a substantial amount of our operations, although not all, are in Florida. And in particular, we've got a number of quarries where we operate in Central Florida. The one-two punch of the two hurricanes coming through there, both Helene and Milton, have really slowed down operations in that part of Florida. And it's for a number of reasons. In some instances, there are quarries that are just flooded out and it's impossible for them to get to work until the water recedes. In other instances, what typically happens in Florida after a hurricane is -- we've all seen the pictures in the newspaper and videos, online or on television, there's just piles of debris and mattresses and sofas and trees and all sorts of stuff everywhere. A lot of the aggregates that we mine and deliver to our customers are then hauled away from the customer side by independent truckers. After a hurricane, a lot of truckers go to work for FEMA and the state and other organizations that are hard at work trying to get things cleaned up. And in addition, a lot of the construction projects where these -- some of these aggregates were going, those things slowed down as well. So for a while, there's a diversion of kind of the people that put aggregates to work while they're cleaning up from the hurricane. And that varies based on the hurricane and the location and all that. Typically -- I'm not saying that is exactly what's going to happen here. But typically then, after a period of time when things start to return to normal, normal demand picks up for the construction projects or other activities that are underway using aggregates, but there tends to be a little bit of an additional bump because municipalities in the state are in there fixing roads and bridges and beaches and other things that require aggregates. So it's hard to say exactly how that's going to play out quarter-to-quarter. But I wanted to give you a flavor for how the dynamics work in Florida typically after hurricanes.

Yes, that's helpful. And that brings me to another question, which is when -- in a normal period, on a typical aggregate mine, are you mining to your capacity? Or are you mining to the customers' targeted volume?

Yes, it's all customer targeted volume. I would say the only time it goes the other way is if we're at capacity with the equipment that's there, which, in some cases, we own and in some cases they own. But it's -- yes, it's based on their demand. We sometimes describe that as customer requirements.

Right. And I assume there's a certain -- I mean, a fair bit of fixed cost leverage, right? So that -- because you got to have the people there and you got to have the equipment there. So I assume your costs are relatively fixed and then, if the demand spikes, that's a lot more incremental margin. Is that the right way to think about it?

Well, it's very contract specific. There are some instances where the customer owns the dragline, pays all of our cost and we receive a service fee. And there are some contracts where we own the dragline and pay all of our cost and provide the work at a fee that covers our cost and capital. We have another contract structure that's a bit in the middle of that, where we own the equipment, but the customer gives us a fixed monthly payment related to the capital that we have invested, and we get a fixed payment related to the fixed costs that we incur and then the service part of it operates on the margin. So it's a -- there's a range of contract structures that exist in this business.

I see. And...

Your question is about leveraging -- it's really about -- And regardless of who uses -- who owns the equipment, who pays the fixed cost, this -- all of these businesses are -- it's a quarry with a fixed amount of minerals and the customers invested in them, they have their processing plant. We or they have the mining equipment. So for both sides, it's really a volume game.

Right. No, that makes sense. And does what you're describing have anything to do with how you categorize the businesses as consolidated and unconsolidated in the -- in that division? Or is that totally a separate issue?

That is a great question for Liz Loveman.

That goes into -- it really -- the variable interest entity accounting relies on control. And so we evaluate each contract individually. And based on the merits of that contract, we determine if it's consolidated or unconsolidated.

I see. So the less -- so in situations where you don't own the equipment and you're more of a service provider, that would be more likely to be unconsolidated. Is that right?

Correct.

Okay. Great. If you try to expand that business outside of Florida, are there other people who do the same thing you do? I'm curious if there would ever be M&A opportunities to sort of accelerate your diversification?

So we actually are expanding pretty rapidly out of Florida. I mean, we've got operations in Texas, Nebraska, Arkansas, Virginia and continue to expand -- and the lithium mine up in Northern Nevada. So we continue to expand the footprint of this business pretty aggressively. We operate -- we have relationships with -- gosh, I don't know how many, but a significant number of the top 10 aggregates, producers in the country. And we're operating under a model that says, they're experts at their aggregates business. They know how to assess their customer base and size it and sell it and all those things. And we're experts in mining, which is not their core expertise. So we're leveraging that -- those complementary skill sets and the relationships we have both with current and other customers in order to expand this as much as we can out of the state. More diversification gives us less exposure to hurricanes, certainly, but it's also just good for the business.

Right. So you see an opportunity to -- with those relationships you have to kind of -- like if we just took like Martin Marietta, I mean, where they obviously have a national footprint where you could start working with them in other states?

Yes, absolutely.

Yes.

And we have done so with -- I mean, I'm not going to list the customers, but we have done that with a number of customers.

Okay. Makes sense. I guess moving to the Mineral Management. I think there's a certain amount of optimism around gas prices next year. If that plays out, would that change your forecast or your expectation in terms of production volume? Is that very much a price-dependent item?

I mean it's -- sure. It's -- I mean higher prices will always affect output. But I think the biggest impact for us would actually just be from the price effect. And that's -- we're always aware that, that's great for our Minerals Management business given the significant amount of natural gas reserves that we own. But it's also good for our coal business because it makes the coal generating assets more competitive than natural gas power generation.

Right. Do you -- have you ever thought -- or do you have the ability to sell forward gas? I know you're not taking physical possession of it, but is there -- just as a financial kind of hedge?

So the hedging strategies that we have looked at, one, wouldn't meet hedge accounting requirements that we'd like to have. The other is that hedging has a cost. Everybody is always focused on the benefits of hedging, but hedging has a cost. And because we are operating our business -- we own these minerals, we're buying minerals really with cash. We don't have debt. We don't have -- we're not a YieldCo or like some of the mineral companies out there. We're not funded by a private equity firm. We don't have to incur the cost of the hedges and can just roll along with the prices as it moves. And over the long-term, we think that's going to be more profitable. We think if there are short-term pressures on us -- we think if we had short-term pressures, hedging can make sense because you've got to be assured of the timing of those income streams. But in our situation, we think we can avoid the cost of hedging and over the long-term, we'll benefit from that.

Okay. And then moving on to the coal. My impression from the 10-K is that those are all multi-decade, particularly just focusing more on the unconsolidated assets, that those are multi-decade reserves. But I guess, is that right? And would you want to kind of put a general number on what the reserve life is of those unconsolidated assets?

There's a lot of reserves there. Liz, I don't know what's disclosed in the technical parts of any of our documents, but there's lots of coal reserves in the unconsolidated coal mines.

Yes. Okay. All right...

If we look in the 10-K, we have some detail included that we update each year in the front section of the 10-K, and --

Okay. I'll look at it [indiscernible]

Yes. But Doug, I would tell you that -- I mean, the unconsolidated mines are in North Dakota. And I can tell you that the coal reserves in North Dakota are vast. Plenty of coal reserves that will probably go beyond what is described in our disclosures because my guess that's tied to the permit area. So as you expand the permit area, there's more reserves there.

Okay. All right. Well, thanks. That’s all I have for today and appreciate the time as always and talk to you next quarter.

Doug, we appreciate your questions. It's great to see somebody digging into the business that's got an interest in what we're doing, and we're happy to take your questions on the call.

[Operator Instructions] There are no questions at this time. Please continue.

Okay. And with that, we'll conclude our Q&A session. I'd like to provide a few reminders. A replay of our call will be available later this morning. We'll also post a transcript on our website when it becomes available. If you do have any questions, please reach out to me. You can reach me at the phone number on the press release. I hope you enjoy the rest of our day -- your day, sorry. And now I'll turn it back to our operator to conclude the call.

Thank you. This concludes today's conference call. You can listen to the replay by dialing +1 (888)-660-6345 and enter the passcode 49480. Thank you, everyone. You may now disconnect.