Karissa Long
Analyst · Barclays
Thank you, Derek. Q2 2021 gross originations of $64.4 million were down 17% year-over-year, which was consistent with our previous expectation that we provided in the Q1 2021 earnings call. As a reminder, in the second quarter of 2020, gross originations were positively impacted by a combination of COVID-19, stay-at-home orders and temporary closures of physical retail stores that shifted consumer spending online. These consumer spending trends, coupled with the CARES Act stimulus checks, surge online transactions, better merchants and ultimately, our growth origination. As a result, Q2 2020 was our highest gross originations quarter last year and did not follow the traditional retailer seasonality we typically see.
In Q2 2021, we are pleased with our progress at both Wayfair and the continued development of our other valuable merchants. Wayfair continues to be a strong partner, and we completed a direct integration with our system during the quarter that deepens our relationship. While we did observe a lower Wayfair U.S. sales penetration rate this quarter as a result of the prime provider stretching down to the credit spectrum to capture volume in our highest score bands, we do believe we are continuing to maintain or grow our position in the nonprime bands.
Turning to revenue. Total revenue grew $16.7 million or 28% year-over-year as we continue to see strong payment performance. Gross profit margin for Q2 2021 was 28% versus 30% in Q2 of 2020. Gross profit percentage was 260 basis points lower year-over-year due to a combination of factors, including investments and various customer acquisition offers and an acceleration of our depreciation curve. As part of our deployment and growth in investment capital, we are testing various unique offers with our consumers.
As Derek discussed in his comments, we see tremendous opportunity to differentiate ourselves with personalized offers that drive loyalty and repeat business. As for the changes in our depreciation curve, we further accelerated the curve to account for the increased early buyout activity spurred by the last round stimulus checks in late March/early April this year, which increased our cost of revenue.
Moving down the P&L. We continue to show improvements in our variable expense margins as we scale and focus on greater efficiency. Servicing costs were $1.1 million in Q2 of 2021 or 1.4% of revenue versus 1.6% in Q2 of 2020. Underwriting fees for Q2 2021 were $477,000, representing 0.6% of revenue versus 1.4% in Q2 of 2020. In Q2 2021, professional consulting fees included onetime transaction costs of $482,000 and employee recruiting costs of $191,000. When you remove these costs, normalized professional and consulting fees were $651,000 for the quarter versus $402,000. This $249,000 increase is related to public company costs for audit and legal services.
Technology and data analytics costs increased by $1.2 million in Q2 2021 from higher headcount, including expanding data science personnel to enhance our proprietary underwriting models and additional IT resources to build out new product functionality. Bad debt expense increased $4.7 million year-over-year. This is the reserve we put on our lease payments earned but not collected at the end of each quarter. The gross accounts receivable balance was $7.4 million as of June 30, 2021, versus only $4 million as of June 30, 2020, due to our larger lease space. On the whole, our loss rates continue to be within our acceptable ranges.
Compensation costs were $14.8 million in Q2 2021 and include $11.6 million for onetime transaction expenses that related to the completion of the merger with FinServ, including vesting of stock options and RSUs, plus transaction-related bonuses for employees. On an apples-to-apples basis, when you back out these onetime costs, compensation expense was close to $3.1 million, which is $1.5 million higher than our Q2 2020 number. This increased compensation costs will be ongoing and includes the additional headcount for sales and marketing.
General and administrative costs were up $1.3 million in Q2 2021. This increase was made up of our new D&O insurance premiums, franchise taxes and increased spend in marketing. Interest expense and other fees in Q2 2021 were $4.1 million, an increase of $522,000 versus Q2 of 2020, which is a result of a higher average debt balance. Interest expense as a percentage of revenue declined from 6% to 5.4% year-over-year.
Our lower interest expense margin is a result of reaching profitability milestones in August of 2020, which stepped down our funding costs by 200 basis points on a revolving line of credit. We also refinanced $37.5 million of high interest debt last December to lower interest rates. The change in fair value of our warrants contributed $3.2 million of income in Q2 of 2021. We will book the gain or loss relative to the change in the fair value of our warrants each quarter. We also booked a benefit for income taxes of $1.8 million in Q2 2021 compared to a provision of $111,000 in Q2 2020.
Turning to our other non-GAAP metrics. Adjusted EBITDA was $3.9 million for Q2 2021 versus $11.1 million in Q2 of 2020. The $7.2 million decline reflects our increased investment in growth initiatives, more normalized and therefore lower seasonal lease payment performance, new higher costs and incremental public company costs. Adjusted net income was $1.5 million in Q2 2021, down from $5.2 million in Q2 2020.
Moving to the balance sheet and liquidity. At June 30, 2021, we had $110 million in available cash. Our total debt outstanding net of debt issuance costs and warrants was $111 million. With over $100 million of cash on our balance sheet, we have the financial flexibility and strength to continue to invest in organic growth initiatives. Earlier this year, we outlined spending $10 million in fiscal 2021 for targeted growth investments. Based on the encouraging early results of these investments and given the tremendous potential we see in this large addressable market, we plan to increase our investment spending beyond just $10 million for this year. As Derek outlined, we see a great opportunity to widen our competitive moat, capture more market share and ultimately accelerate revenue in 2022 and beyond.
Turning to outlook. We are in a very complex macroeconomic environment, to say the least. Since our last call, we observed meaningful changes in both e-commerce and retail sales forecast and consumer spending behavior and, in the past few weeks, the onset of new policies from the COVID-19 variant. Beginning with the data that became available after our earnings call and was then validated as many online retailers released earnings over the past few weeks, the consensus in the market suggest e-commerce sales will likely slow for the balance of the year. Coupled with the development, consumer spending in July appear to be shifting away from durable good categories in favor of travel, clothing and entertainment.
To add further complexity to these trends, many merchants are now dealing with rising inflation and supply chain challenges, including inventory shortages as well as facing IT resource constraints and competing priorities. This has delayed many opportunities into the future.
From a consumer perspective, the environment is still quite dynamic with multiple factors to consider. Monthly child tax care credit payments commenced on July 15; the federal rent edition moratorium expired on July 31 and was then subsequently extended for certain parts of the nation and enhanced unemployment benefits are set to expire in most states by September.
How these events impact our originations and revenue remains to be seen as we only have a few weeks of data available, and we'll be monitoring our portfolio performance and adjusting our models in real time. Coupled with all these factors is the backdrop of COVID-19 and the emergence of new variants and there is uncertainty of how the federal and state governments will respond.
On our previous earnings call, we believe our guidance for the year was appropriate and reasonable, but a lot has changed since that call. What is especially challenging for our projections at the current time is that the visibility is strained and there are multiple conflicting factors at play. When looking forward to the balance of the year, there is just too much uncertainty right now to try to predict gross originations and revenue in a highly specific way. We expect to have more insight and face new and evolving trends by our November earnings call. But for now, we feel it is best to remove explicit guidance for the rest of 2021.
What we think is prudent to offer you is what we've seen thus far in Q3 and provide some additional color to help frame how things might develop. To be clear, this is not guidance, but instead is intended to give you a directional sense. While we expected significant year-over-year growth, July 2021 gross originations were flat from the same period last year as our existing merchants experienced larger-than-anticipated declines in retail transaction volume. On a positive note, we have been able to offset this outsized decline with our new merchant additions, and we are cautiously optimistic that as the summer winds down, people return from their vacation and school begin, that demand will increase.
Looking ahead to Q4, the holiday season is normally our largest quarter from a volume perspective, tracking to retailer promotions and consumer purchasing trends. While we originally forecasted a typical Q4 holiday trend for 2021, at this point, it is difficult to be definitive about how things will play out based on the uncertainty we see in the market.
During Q2 2021, trailing 12-month growth originations were $250 million and trailing 12-month revenue was $302 million, well above prepandemic levels. As we've increased our sales and marketing investments, new merchant adds have also accelerated, reflected by the 72 new merchants onboarded through July. Our efforts at cultivating customer loyalty are also paying off as our customer repeat rate continues to grow.
Our merchant pipeline is larger than ever before, and as macroeconomic conditions change and merchants resolve a variety of near-term challenges and constraints that they are facing, such as IT resources, we anticipate our growth trajectory to accelerate over time. While we can't control many of the macroeconomic factors that we are currently faced with today, we can control how we use our resources to serve our customers, partner with our merchants and prepare for long-term growth. Accordingly, we plan to leverage our strong balance sheet and significantly increase our spend on initiatives that will expand our presence in the merchant community, better serve our consumers and grow our competitive advantage.
While this will reduce near-term net income and adjusted EBITDA, we are resolved that this is the right decision at this time. And while there may be some near-term headwinds as we navigate the dynamic macroeconomic environment, we do believe we are best positioned to deliver on our mission of financial inclusion while also delivering long-term value for our shareholders.
And with that, I will turn it back over to our CEO, Orlando, for closing remarks.