Hello and thank you for standing by and welcome to Kinross Gold Corporation First Quarter Results Conference Call and Webcast. [Operator Instructions] Please be advised that today’s call is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to your speaker today, Tom Elliott, Senior Vice President, Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Thank you and good morning. With us today, we have Paul Rollinson, President and CEO and the Kinross senior leadership team, Andrea Freeborough, Paul Tomory and Geoff Gold. Before we begin, I’d like to bring your attention the fact that we will be making forward-looking statements during this presentation. For a complete discussion of the risks, uncertainties, assumptions, which may lead to actual results and performance being different from estimates contained in our forward-looking information, please refer to Page 2 of this presentation, our news release dated May 11, 2021, the MD&A for the period ended March 31, 2021 and our most recently filed AIF, all of which are available on our website. I will now turn the call over to Paul.

Thanks, Tom and thank you all for joining us today. While the global environment remains challenging, we are pleased to report that our business continues to perform well against our expectations. I will elaborate on this momentarily, but first, I want to provide a quick update on how we are managing through the impacts of the pandemic. The safety and well-being of our people is our top priority and we are maintaining many of our pandemic-related protocols in order to protect our employees and communities. As a result of this work and the continued support from our local governments, all of our mines remain operational and our development projects remain on schedule. I am also pleased to report that we are cautiously optimistic and see some signs of a return to normal starting to take form. Before turning the call over to Andrea for a financial review, Paul for an operating review and Geoff for an update on Mauritanian government relations, I will comment briefly on Q1 performance, our outlook and our commitment to continued leadership in ESG. Overall, we are pleased with our start to the year. During the first quarter, our three largest mines, Paracatu, Kupol and Tasiast, once again represented approximately 60% of our production and delivered the lowest cost in the portfolio. As always, there were some puts and takes throughout the portfolio, but consolidated production is tracking well against our plans. As indicated previously, we expect production to increase throughout the year, with the fourth quarter being the strongest. Adjusting for gold prices, which were above the $1,500 per ounce we used for internal budgeting, our financial performance in the first quarter was also in line with our plans. As expected, we generated approximately $76 million of free cash flow in the first quarter, which…

Thanks, Paul. I will begin with financial highlights from the quarter, give an overview of our balance sheet and provide some commentary on our outlook. Production during the quarter was approximately 559,000 ounces. Sales of 548,000 ounces were 11,000 ounces less than production due to timing of shipments, particularly in West Africa and to a lesser extent, at Bald Mountain in Nevada. As a reminder, quarterly variances such as this are not unusual and tend to smooth out over time. Production costs per ounce were $756 in Q1, which was up from the prior quarter, mainly due to lower production and roughly in line with Q1 of last year. Attributable operating margins were robust again in Q1 at 58%, driven by strong gold prices and cost discipline. All-in sustaining cost per ounce of $975 were down compared to last quarter and Q1 of last year, primarily due to lower sustaining CapEx in the first quarter. Our adjusted net earnings of $193 million were up approximately 50% from the same quarter last year largely due to stronger gold prices. Our adjusted operating cash flow of $400 million was down slightly from Q1 of last year, mainly due to higher current tax expense in the quarter partly offset by increased operating earnings. First quarter free cash flow of $76 million is reported on an unadjusted basis and includes net working capital outflows, including taxes paid of approximately $120 million. Cash taxes during the quarter included a payment of approximately $90 million in Brazil related to 2020. As Paul mentioned, Q1 is expected to be our lowest free cash flow quarter of the year, depending on gold prices. Moving to our balance sheet, our cash position remains strong and we finished the quarter with over $1 billion of cash and cash equivalents. Our cash balance was down slightly from the end of 2020 as our positive free cash flow was offset by the final payment of $142 million on Chulbatkan as well as regular interest and dividend payments. Our net debt at the end of the quarter was approximately $900 million and our trailing 12-month net debt-to-EBITDA ratio stood at 0.4x. Subsequent to quarter end, we announced that on June 1, we will be redeemed $500 million of senior notes. These notes have a maturity of September 1. However, we elected to repay a few months early as we are able to do so without incurring any penalties, while also saving on additional interest costs. After repaying the notes, we will have $1.25 billion of senior notes remaining and will assess any future repayment as we approach the next maturity date in March 2024. Our cash position is strong, our debt levels and leverage metrics are very manageable and our free cash flow outlook remains robust. Even if gold prices were to decline from current levels, we expect to be able to fund our projects internally. I will now turn the call over to Paul Tomory.

Thanks very much, Andrea. I will provide a brief update on how we are managing COVID across the portfolio, followed by updates on operations and projects. As Paul mentioned earlier, we are encouraged to see some positive signs with respect to COVID. Nevertheless, we are maintaining our precautions. Vaccines have been rolling out across our operating regions and we see signs of potentially returning to a more normal operating environment. Our ability to manage well through COVID thus far has been made possible by the tireless efforts of our employees, our operating communities and very strong support from our host governments. Moving to more detailed review of our portfolio of operations and projects, the year began on plan was a lower production quarter. As Paul indicated, our three biggest mines, Paracatu, Tasiast and Kupol, continued their strong performance. These assets once again accounted for approximately 60% of production and had the strongest margins in the portfolio. Paracatu delivered a record quarterly throughput, although production was down somewhat compared with recent quarters due to lower mill grades. We expect production at Paracatu to be higher in the coming quarters. In Russia, production was similar to the first quarter of 2020 and unit costs were down slightly due to lower mining costs as mining activities at Dvoinoye were completed last year and we are processing some stockpiled ore. Favorable foreign exchange rates in Russia also contributed to lower costs. At Udinsk, the PFS is advancing on plan and is expected to be complete in the fourth quarter, with first production still targeted for 2025. This year’s exploration activities on our larger Chulbatkan license have commenced with drilling focused on new targets showing soil and geopolitics anomalies near the Udinsk resource pit. And we have received permits to commence drilling on some of…

Thanks, Paul. We have a track record of more than 10 years of successfully operating in Mauritania and that success has continued under the previously announced agreement on principle. Despite delays caused by COVID, we have been able to maintain ongoing discussions with the government and our engagement has been frequent and constructive, particularly in the last couple of months. We have held multiple virtual meetings with the government committee charged with finalizing the definitive agreements. In fact, I was on a productive call with our team and the government negotiation committee on Monday of this week. In the last few weeks, there have also been meetings with high-ranking cabinet members, including the Minister of Mines, Economy and Finance and I can report we are making substantial progress towards finalizing our agreements. We have also had discussions and other matters of mutual interest not covered by our agreement on principle, including health and community initiatives, customs and work permit arrangements and tax assessments. Such discussions are not unique to Mauritania and occur in other countries of our operations. As part of the finalization process of the definitive agreements, we are taking the time to incorporate the detailed commercial arrangements from our agreement in principle into the definitive agreements that will encompass 4 mining concessions for the Tasiast North and South properties. Since the announcement of our agreement in principle and/or ensuing discussions, the parties have continued to work together and maintain business continuity during the pandemic. I will now turn the call back over to Paul for closing remarks.

Thanks, Geoff. I want to reiterate our gratitude to our employees, suppliers, communities and host governments who have all continued to work together to help us stay safe and productive. Our business remains very well positioned. We have an attractive portfolio of operations, coupled with a robust pipeline of projects and exploration opportunities. We have a proven track record for operational excellence and project execution across all of our geographies. We continue to generate strong free cash flow and further strengthen our investment grade balance sheet. And we remain focused on our ESG commitments and sector leading performance. With all these characteristics, we are in a great position to continue driving meaningful value creation over the coming quarters and years. With that, operator, I would now like to open up the call to questions.

Okay, thank you. [Operator Instructions] Your first question comes from Tyler Langton from JPMorgan. Your line is open.

Hey, good morning Paul and thanks for taking my questions. First, just for the upcoming study that I guess you did Manh Choh and Lobo-Marte, can you just talk a little bit about the level of costs that you are using for items like fuel, energy materials, just sort of given sort of all the upward movements we have seen from those materials?

Yes. Look, I think I will start and maybe hand off to Paul. I mean, we are starting in early days to see early signs of inflation out there in the system. And I guess I look at it, there is two sides to the coin. On the cost side, we have a few, I guess, I call it arrows in our quiver. We are constantly using continuous improvement initiatives to drive efficiency and cost savings to offset inflation several years ago. We moved to a global procurement strategy that gives us negotiating leverage globally on consumables, so there is negotiation opportunities. Right now, currencies are somewhat in our favor and we do carefully hedge around both currencies and oil and we have got oil hedges in place. So lots of things we can do to proactively mitigate and manage on the cost side. And then to the extent we do see further inflation continue, we would also expect – we see some benefit on the revenue side with the gold price. But for project specific, I think maybe, Paul, you could give some anecdotes of the kinds of things we may see.

Yes. I mean, this inflation question has been a big theme both in the media, among the investment community and also internally that we have noted a lot of other mining companies talking about this topic on their calls. In the near-term, we do see inflationary pressure on several of our operating consumables. But for this year, we don’t see any impact to our guidance. It’s within the buffer range that we have on that – on the guidance. For our projects, we still continue to advance these studies at a $1,200 planning price, but we are seeing signs of inflation, really two areas. One is the macro inflationary environment driven by monetary and fiscal policy, just the inflation of input commodities. And we are starting to see the early signs of more micro inflation, where the supply chain to mining is a limited supply chain. And as more companies put projects into the pipeline, particularly in copper and iron ore, there will be competition for equipment resources in these projects. So, some amount of pressure on CapEx in those projects ought to be expected, but it is still early days on the indicators that we are seeing.

No, great. That’s very helpful. And then just one follow-up question just on Paracatu, I think last October, you talked about sort of production exceeding 600,000 ounces per year in ‘21 through ‘23. I know Q1 production was a little bit lower just on grade, but just talk about – should we expect sort of production to kind of increase sequentially throughout the remainder of the year and is that more grades versus throughput? I know throughput was strong the quarter, but just any color there?

Yes, definitely. We expect a much better Q2. I mean, it was – Q1 was on plan. We were mining that part of the pit that had lower grade, so it was as expected. And we see Q2 and Q3 strong quarters more in the 150 range. And yes, to answer your question, our comments previously on Paracatu in the 600 range remain.

Great. Thanks so much.

And your next question will come from Anita Soni from CIBC World Markets. Your line is open.

Hi, good morning. So, this is the question for Paul Tomory with respect to the Round Mountain pit wall, if you can imagine I am going to ask. Can you just give me an idea of I mean a little bit more color, I mean this is Round Mountain had a pit wall movement, I think, it was 3 years ago as well and you mentioned that you have got waste at the top of the pit wall. So is that – you are moving that, do you think that will be sufficient to mitigate the issue that you have there? Is there fracturing? Is there – you mentioned, I think, dewatering as well? So how serious is this? And will it impact next year’s production guidance at 2.7 plus or minus 5%?

Yes. So Anita, I will probably give a really long answer here anticipating that there are quite a few questions on Round Mountain. Round Mountain if I were in your shoes, it’s actually a very difficult asset to model, because there are very many processing flow streams and I will try to provide some context on that. But I will lead with our production guidance for this year in the next 2 years, the range of impact we expect at Round Mountain is within that plus/minus 5% range. So I want to make that clear that our guidance holds for the year and for the 3-year timeframe. At Round Mountain in context, it’s a prolific mineralized system. It’s produced well over 17 million ounces in the several decades that it’s operated. And our current aspirational goal is to get that to 20 million, we see a forward pipeline that will add significant production. The other thing I characterize is Round Mountain is pretty significant historical positive reconciliation. And certainly, in the first couple of decades at Round Mountain, the grades – the actual grades were much higher than the model grades. And so we have situations where a lot of our heaps contain amounts of gold that are well in excess of previous estimates. And I have to say truth, well, we don’t even know how much gold remains in those heaps. So since we approved the Phase W study, we have actually added quite a lot of production into Round Mountain’s profile that often goes unheralded. So, for example, this year and next year, about a quarter of our production at Round Mountain actually comes from the heaps, really legacy ounces. In some cases, we are leaching a third and fourth time. We have also added since the Phase…

Yes. But I do have one or two more follow-ups. So, the actual – I happen to have our mine tour put from 2016 when we visited Bald and Round after you guys bought that. So I am looking at the pit wall slope, was it – as I can tell, it looks like it was around – supposed to be around 45-degree angle, is that correct overall?

That’s right. And our current view – so what we base our comments say on meeting production guidance for the next 3 years are based on softening that slope to 30 degrees.

30 is pretty shallowest.

It is pretty shallow, which is why we like that it – we think that there is opportunity to cost on this back. So what we have done here is because we don’t have the results of the geotech drilling, we are laying the slope quite far back. And depending on the outcome of that program, we may end up steepening them back from 30, but I don’t know yet where that will land.

And the last question would be the higher grade portion of the ore, as I recall or as I have been modeling, has been somewhat in the range of 7.6 to 8 gram per ton material that would have gone through the mill? And then some of it was like 0.6 going through the heap leaches, I think it was. But just in general, was that what we were thinking about when we think about the higher grade portion of the Phase W?

Yes, the IR team will get back to you, but that is the mill portion is definitely high grade. It’s maybe not as high as you’re saying, but certainly, the average grades are in line with what you’re implying. We’re – we’ve got a reserve grade of 0.7, but the IR team will get back to you on the breakdown, but you’re not far off the mark. The mill grades are lower.

Okay. I will leave there. I will let other people ask questions. Thanks.

Okay.

Your next question will come from Carey MacRury from Canaccord Genuity. Your line is open.

Hi, good morning everyone. Maybe just to help us model out the quarters, I know you are expecting sequential improvement through the year, but can you give us sort of an H2 to H1 split in terms of production?

Yes. Well, why don’t I actually take you through each site, it’s probably easier to do that way. We are ramping up to higher production in the second quarter. Fort Knox, you saw it had higher costs in this quarter. It is ramping up. We were at around the mid-50s, and we expect to ramp up to high 60s and 70s in the subsequent quarter. So basically, Fort Knox has an increasing profile from the 55 we just put out in the first quarter, up into the high 70s in the fourth quarter. Paracatu, as I indicated, the 126 in the quarter, moving more up to the 150 range for the next couple and then dropping off in the fourth quarter. I think that’s an important one. And Round Mountain, our initial view is, we’re seeing a 50,000 to 70,000 ounce impact this year as a result of this geotech issue, but we still expect ramp to be in the 50 to 60 range per quarter. Probably the biggest mover is actually Tasiast. As you know, we’re mining in stockpiles right now or we’re processing stockpiles right now. And the stripping campaign for the next West branch principal phase is proceeding well, and we expect to get into high grades there in the fourth quarter. So Tasiast will have the biggest upswing in the last quarter. And then Kupol, are steady for the balance of the year. So Fort Knox, Tasiast, Paracatu going to see increases and roughly the rest of the portfolio is about flat. I hope that gives some context. So Russia is flat as well.

That’s helpful. And maybe just on Tasiast, sort of what sort of grade levels should we be assuming for Q4?

We’re in about 1.8, 1.9 now. We’ll be well over 2 in Q4, in some cases, depending on the day, pushing up towards 3.

Okay, great. And then maybe just on Paracatu, 170,000 tons per day in the quarter, a pretty big jump. Is that just due to where you are in the pit or hardness or is something – have you guys been doing something else up there?

It’s just a really solid operating performance. Paracatu has become a truly world-class asset in all regards. We have a phenomenal team down there. We have great technical understanding. It’s a huge mill. I don’t know if you’ve been there, but huge complex mill, I think, still the largest throughput gold mill on Earth. And it takes years to get a handle on something that big and the team has really – has gone to know what really well, and they’re just continuously improving. Now we will have setbacks here and there. You may have downtime events. But first quarter was just a confluence of really, really solid operating performance and no unplanned downtime.

Maybe just one last one, I can on Fort Knox. I know you said in the appendix there’s some on the Gil expansion there, but what does Fort Knox look like in 2022 as a whole? Can you give some guidance on that versus 2020 – or sorry, 2021?

Yes. We’re expecting this year will be in the 270 range. And it will be slightly lower – no, it will be slightly higher next year going forward as Gil comes into the plan. We’ll be putting these Gil high-grade ounces. And Fort Knox, is looking – we’re now looking at actually at Kinross, Alaska. We’ve got the main Fort Knox pit. We’re pulling in these Gil satellites. And of course, as you know, Manh Choh will be trucking high-grade to Fort Knox. So we’re starting to look at Fort Knox from an Alaska perspective, and it’s going to have a good production profile as we get Gil into the plan and as we get Manh Choh in the plan. The other thing that we can do at Fort Knox, taking advantage of higher gold prices, is we can make almost game time decisions on cutover grade. So good gold day, we send material preferentially to the mill and make more money on it. So it’s sort of a risk less way to take advantage of higher gold. So we’ve got that benefit at Fort Knox as well. But in general, a trending upward production plan to over 300 next year.

Great. That’s it for me. Thanks everyone.

And your next question will come from Mike Parkin from National Bank. Your line is open.

Hi, guys. Thanks for the details. That’s very helpful. Just really one question left, on Udinsk, you mentioned the exploration programs underway. When could we expect the initial results, assuming you’re hitting stuff? I know from past discussions, I believe you’re focusing on kind of step-out drilling from the main pit resource shell. Is that still the plan? And could we possibly see some results with Q2 earnings?

So we are – you described the program basically perfectly. We typically put out our results at year-end, and we’ll have a more modest update with Q2. We typically do that in exploration.

Great. Keep running guys. Thanks so much.

And your next question will come from Tanya Jakusconek from Scotiabank. Your line is open.

Great. Thanks you. Good morning everybody. Paul T, I just wanted to come back to Round Mountain, if I could. Appreciate the color on all of the ore sources that you can get more of production and sort of get that production profile to stay as you mentioned. But maybe just – we didn’t touch on the additional costs. I mean it looks like there’s going to be more stripping that needs to be done, that waste dump that needs to be moved, 20 million, 30 million tons. And can you just give us some color on what sort of additional costs we’re going to have to incur just in the short-term?

Yes. And that’s the short-term impact is, we have to move this waste dump. We don’t exactly know just how far back we have to cut it. That’s a question on Anita was asking on the slopes. But we’re looking at 20 million, 30 million tons on the waste dump. And at least that amount again in the pit wall. So there is going to be a cost impact. We can move that waste dump for, call it, $0.70, $0.80 a ton. And as you get deeper into the pit wall layback, it will obviously go up in cost. When we say – when Paul commented earlier on the NPV-neutral comment, we are looking for ways to offset the NPV impact of those additional stripping dollars through things like the flotation expansion that I talked about at the plant and potentially incremental pushbacks at Gold Hill. But Andrea will talk about some of the accounting implications.

Yes. I mean, I think one of the points that is worth making is it’s the same amount of mining activity that we are planning to do this year just without the ounces coming in, in production revenue. So from an accounting perspective, the costs are more closer to probably $2 a ton in terms of what we’re moving.

Okay. So...

It’s definitely a cost impact from a life of mine point of view in the additional stripping and the waste dump movement. But as I said, we expect to offset that with other opportunities.

Okay. So if I was to just take that 20 million to 30 million tons and times 2, so it’s for the layback to and multiply it by the cost movement and put it over the next 2 years, that would be a reasonable assumption?

That is pretty reasonable, yes.

Okay. Perfect. And Paul, maybe just to follow through on – I just wanted to touch on Tasiast and [indiscernible] in general and then Paul Rollinson on dividend and share buyback. So just on Tasiast, if I could, just – I saw that you put the thickener in, everything looks like you’re on track to get to that 21, anything else critical that you need to do to get to 21,000 tons a day by year-end, except for the pre-stripping or the stripping?

It’s the final tie-ins on the thickener. So thickener construction is complete, but we have to tie it in. So we are going to have a very busy fourth quarter and first quarter next year, doing all the mechanical, electrical flow sheet tie-ins. But as you see from the pictures, we’ve actually had a really good run of construction over the last 7, 8 weeks. I don’t want to say we’re out of the woods yet, but we’re certainly heading to the finish line in a pretty strong fashion. And it will be right at the wire at the end of this year. But yes, I mean all the key elements are well in place. It’s just now tie-ins and commissioning.

Okay. And then just on inflation and I appreciate that you gave us some clarity on where you’re seeing some of those inflationary pressures. Just wanted to ask one area, which is labor, which is a big component of the cost structure. You didn’t mention anything there. Are we seeing any inflation in labor?

It’s a good question, and it starts to tie into macro factors. So for example, Brazil, we do a refresh on the labor agreement there. And this year, we saw, call it, a 5% increase in labor there, which is – I always like to compare things to say, 12, 13 years ago. And back then – and Paracatu is a really good example because it’s really – it can get whipsawed by the combination of labor rates, FX rates, gold price, local costs. The equation in Brazil is still very positive for us. In other words, weakness in the real, which is a byproduct of everything else going on from a macro point of view, continues to be a tailwind. So we are seeing labor cost inflation in Brazil, but principally driven by local input cost inflation, but the equation is still quite net positive. I suppose if we were to really wrap our heads around and start thinking about it, could this be a repeat of what we saw 12, 13 years ago? Tough to say. There are some early indications of that. And depending on where things go in local economies, now, of course, everything is COVID-impacted right now and the recovery is there, it’s a very complex equation. But just to answer your question, we are seeing some labor costs increased, particularly in places like Russia, Brazil and to a lesser extent, in Chile. But those numbers are still tame, but slightly higher than the normal run of the yearly increases we’ve been seeing for the last decade. So yes, there are early indicators of an inflationary environment in the labor market.

Okay, thank you. And then maybe, just for Paul, just after you’ve paid your debt in June, and we’re ramping up at Cavius, and we’re going to start generating a lot of free cash flow, can you talk about this allocation of this free cash flow? How do you see dividends and/or share buybacks?

Sure, Tanya. Thanks. Yes, you’re right. I mean whilst cash flow is good this year, we do have some non-recurring cash items, whether it’s the final installment on and obviously, we’re redeeming the note. And as is our style, we’re sort of watching the gold price very carefully watching our balance sheet and looking through the windshield to the balance of the year and next year. And we agree that not so much this year in terms of those non-recurring cash payments. But certainly, as we go into next year, there is going to – and the year after, we predict fairly dramatic growth in well in both production and cash flow. So yes, we are hearing it from investors and we are thinking about it. I think we want to kind of just get to the second quarter here, get the note out of the way, see where we’ve got on the go price and come out with more of a sort of a plan at that point. I would say anecdotally, as we go through our investor meetings, the pendulum has swung a little bit more to I would say, a desire for buyback on top of the dividend. And that’s been a theme through all of our IR, I would say, this year. So we’re taking that on board. We see our dividend as a baseline forever, sustainable dividend, sustainable at lower gold prices. And we’re thinking but haven’t finalized that the right sort of enhancement, the layering on top of that dividend would be – would potentially be buybacks. But we want to just give it another quarter to see how the macro all shakes out this year.

Okay. So from that, I take that you’re leaning more towards the buyback versus enhancing the dividend at this point?

I would say that’s – again, it’s not a scientific poll, but I think given we’re listening to our investors, that’s, I think, would work and be well received. So we are, yes, leaning a bit more to the buyback.

Okay, thank you. And you that the stock is trading at a discount to bullion, so you should buy it back. Thank you.

Thanks, Tanya.

And your next question will come from Jackie Przybylowski from BMO Capital Markets. Your line is open.

Thanks so much. Sorry, I want to go back to Round Mountain just for a minute. You noted that you’ve got a mine optimization program that you’re going to be looking at this on a more bigger picture, I guess, in reviewing the opportunities for Phase S. And I just had a question about that. I mean back in October, when you did the investor update, you talked about Phase S and a potential for Phase X, which sounded like it was maybe not economic at the time, you had more study and more drilling to do for that Phase X. Is this a 2-year or 1.5-year evaluation going to contemplate that Phase X as well? And what do you need to see on that to get more optimistic on that bigger Phase X project? Thanks.

Yes. Thanks, Jackie, for bringing that up. So in this optimization that weren’t put out Phase X will be mentioned conceptually, but it won’t be part of the formal life of mine plan. We continue to explore and drill at Phase X. There are high grades of depth. If anything, this current geotechnical issue with Phase W – just a quick reminder, Phase X would have been the next pushback in Phase W. When we built the Phase W project, we made accommodation for a pit wall pushback that could accommodate Phase X. I’m just going to guess here, but I think that with this geotechnical issue, Phase X is probably not going to be an open pit at this stage. And what we’re looking at our conceptual studies is an underground there. So drilling is ongoing. We’re doing exploration down there. We know there are high grades down there. And if we like what we see, we would consider putting in an exploration decline like we are at Curlew in Washington state to do more detailed high-grade exploration. So we are ramping up on our underground capability for that potential. But the first step is surface drilling and then if we like what we see in terms of grade, we will consider putting in a decline.

But generally, we’re seeing grades increase and we see that feeder source coming from depth in the West.

Yes. There’s a lot of gold down there, but it’s under a lot of cover. And the question is, could you get underground mining shapes that hold together at a given cut off to make them economic at $1,200 or $1,400. So in this optimization we’re doing, just to sum it up, we will have a perspective on Phase X, but it won’t be part of the formal life of mine plan.

And maybe just on the point about going underground, is the underlying issue that’s causing the wall instability, is that something that you would need to be concerned about as you go underground? Or are you probably able to manage and underground issues?

No. The real issue is a clay layer known as the 7-silt formation and that is located within the strata of the pit. The underground would be below that. So it’s not that we’re dealing with highly fractured rock. We’re dealing with a very greasy clay surface in that north wall.

Okay. That’s really helpful. Thank you very much.

Yes.

[Operator Instructions] Your next question comes from Greg Barnes from TD Securities. Your line is open.

Yes. Thank you. Paul Tomory, I’m going to flog a really dead horse here on Round Mountain.

I expected it. I expected it.

Clean getaway, please.

That’s what I did while shaving this morning that practiced all the questions you guys have spent at on Round Mountain, flog away.

From net-net, everything I’m hearing is you expect an improved mine plan, life of mine at Round Mountain with higher production and longer life coming out of all this?

If you include the flotation expansion that I’ve been talking about, the Phase S expansion and continued outperformance on the heaps, yes, definitely. That is what we hope to be able to deliver a year from now. And like I said, the real silver lining here is this deferral of Phase W actually pushes substantial production at Round Mountain out of further 2 years. And we’ve been able to, at least in part, backfill the near-term with the myriad of these other opportunities I’ve talked about. But yes, we expect to come out with an optimized plan that you guys will like. We have a lot of work to do, and that’s why it’s a year from now, but we certainly have high hopes for Round Mountain and ultimately pushing the 17 million assets that have been recovered there, the project to-date up upwards sort of 20 million. So we have this 20 million ounce target for Round Mountain.

Okay. And the floatation expansion, I’m not sure I was aware of that, maybe I missed it, but...

Yes. No, this is the first we’re talking about it. So the mill, as you know, mill is the high-grade sulfides, and we just approved an expansion of the flotation to increase recoveries there. It’s a modest project. But it’s an example of a good little continuous improvement project where we can deploy a little bit of capital to increase recovery on all of the life of mine mill material to come.

Yes. I mean I would...

So basically – sorry, go ahead.

No, I was just going to say, as Paul and I were talking earlier, I mean, what you’re seeing here is with this situation at Bald, it’s caused us to kind of rotate the flashlight a bit to a bunch of things we’ve been working on that we refer to all the time. We constantly talk about CI initiatives at all of our operations. And again, he’s the word again, the silver lining here is we just kind of opened up the Kimono a little bit so that you guys know, specifically, there’s a bunch of stuff here that we would be working on anyway, as we do at many other of our sites. And there’s lots of stuff here to work on, and we’re feeling pretty confident. Recall it, turning lemons into lemonade here. We’ve had a setback, but we can dial back, and we see lots of opportunities, and we think we can come through with an improved situation.

Okay. Great. That’s all for me. Thanks.

And your next question will come from Anita Soni from CIBC World Markets. Your line is open.

Hi, Paul. Back to that horse again, that clay layer, can you give me how thick it is? And if it’s below the bottom of the pit, is that what you are saying?

It’s near the bottom. That was the Phase W pushback a little bit higher though. So basically the ultimate pit body gets below the clay layer. So, once you are through the clay layer, you are back into pretty competent ground. I mean you will remember from the tour that north wall the pit where Phase W is, is principally illuvium. It’s highly competent illuvium, sitting on top of a couple of other strata below under which lies the hill clay formation. It’s – I can’t tell you exactly how sick it is, but it’s not very thick. It’s basically a clay layer that retains water and reduces the effect of stresses down there and causes that instability. So we are what we’re doing right now is we’re putting in quite a lot of incremental dewatering capacity, both right down in the lower part of the pit, more proximal to the clay layer, but also broader, more regional level dewatering wells. And we’re putting a bunch of more geotech holes to really better understand the 7-silt layer.

Okay, thank you.

This brings us to the end of our Q&A session for today. I turn the call back over to the presenters for closing remarks.

Great. Thank you, operator, and thanks, everyone, for joining us today. And we look forward to catching up in the coming weeks and months. Thank you.

Thank you everyone. This will conclude today’s conference call. You may now disconnect.