RJ Tesi
Analyst · ROTH Capital Partners. Please proceed with the question
Thank you, David and thank everyone for joining the call on these difficult times – difficult and interesting I think is the best way to describe them. I will arrange my remarks to highlight key takeaways for the first quarter, the year-to-date and provide updates from our two platforms. Then I will turn it back to David Moss to discuss our financial results, upcoming milestones before we open the lines for Q&A. We'll start with the DN-TNF Platform. We have four therapeutic programs and development. These include INB03 for cancer, LIVNate for NASH. We have a new program that we're calling Quellor for treatment of cytokine storm related to COVID-19, and XPro1595 for Alzheimer's disease. I'll remind you that these are all the same drug from the single platform. I'll start with our newest program, with Quellor, targeting cytokine storm to treat the complications of COVID-19. We initiated this program after completing a strategic gas assessment, and we are planning clinical trials with the DN-TNF Platform for the treatment of the complications of this disease. Our decision is based on the four TNF related attributes of COVID-19 and the pathophysiology of the disease. The first is cytokine storm. This is – shall we say a top line problem with COVID-19 and blunting the effects of the cytokine storm makes sense. Soluble TNF is a major part of the cytokine storm, and neutralizing soluble TNF is what DN-TNF Platform does. But the soluble TNF plays two other very important roles that are not as obvious to many. The first is, that for tissue destruction to occur, immune cells must move from inside the blood vessel to outside the blood vessel, and into the tissue where they cause the damage, soluble TNF when it activates endothelial cells, cause them to upregulate ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. These proteins are sort of like traffic cops that signal to activated immune cells that are living by in the bloodstream and signal them to stop and exit the blood vessel that's called trafficking into the tissue, where they cause damage. A more obscure role of soluble TNF is that it contributes to the coagulopathy, which is the cause of many of the complications related to this [indiscernible] disease. When soluble TNF activates endothelial cells and macrophages they upregulate tissue factor; tissue factor actually starts the coagulation cascade that results in much of the pathology associated with pulmonary, renal and vascular disease and probably neurologic disease, in patients this coagulopathy is [indiscernible] by elevated D-dimer, a biomarker of severe disease and present in almost every – elevated in almost every patient who’s admitted to the hospital. Working with clinicians and the regulatory authorities, we are moving rapidly to start a clinical trial that will attempt to prevent the catastrophic complications of COVID-19, including the need for mechanical ventilation. We hope to be enrolling patients by July ideally in a program supported by non-dilutive funding. XPro is being used – XPro1595 is being used to treat Alzheimer's disease, an app to metaphor for this program as steady as she goes. We're confident in our goal to have data for review in October, if not sooner. And we are beginning to plan for the Phase 2 trial, but we admit the pandemic has forced us to be creative. Future programs must require fewer trips to the clinic without sacrificing the ability to collect critical data or the quality of that data. We have some ideas; we're working to implement them, and we'll tell you more about these in the future. INB03, our cancer program is being targeted to treat women with metastatic HER2+ breast cancer, especially those with CNS mets. Just a couple of weeks ago, we announced the publication of an invited review and frontiers of oncology, entitled tumor necrosis factor, an opportunity to tackle breast cancer by Roxana Schillaci. She is the, you know, lead, shall we say thought leader that has been working with us on the role of TNF in cancers, especially breast cancer. And this publication is part of an evolving body of work by Dr. Schillaci and are team on the role of soluble TNF and resistance to immunotherapies including trastuzumab and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Just three days ago, Sophi Bruni, a doctoral student in Dr. Roxana Schillaci Lab presented work at the New York Academy of Science frontiers in immunotherapy 2020 meeting. That work demonstrated that a combination of Lapatinib, a PKI inhibitor, and INB03 overcomes resistance to trastuzumab and HER2+ breast cancer models. This work informs the design of our planned Phase 2 trial in women with brain mets from HER2+ breast cancer. Lapatinib is a dual EGFR HER2 inhibitor. It's part of the [PKI class]. It's a good drug and a difficult disease that suffers from early resistance. We believe we have identified this resistance mechanism. And we are targeting women with HER2+ brain mets because both drugs cross the blood brain barrier. All of these or most of these women will also be expressing MUC4, which makes them resistant to trastuzumab based therapies. Finally, the combination increases – decreases myeloid derived suppressor cells and the key immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment and makes cold tumors hot in animal models, and we hope this sets up this combination to be part of triple therapy that will include immune checkpoint inhibitors. I would just as an aside, tomorrow, AACR will be releasing their abstracts. This work is also being presented at the AACR. Originally, that was supposed to be the first release of the data, but as with many programs COVID-19 has changed the calendar. Moving to LIVNate for NASH, giving patients new livers was a big part of my previous life as a transplant surgeon, but there's a surgical saying that says the sign of a good surgeon is the one who can avoid an operation. And that is the goal of this therapy to avoid the need for liver transplants. We have identified a novel mechanism pathologic mechanism to treat NASH. We believe that LIVNate seals the intestinal leak that is critical in driving inflammation in the liver. The leaky gut results in very high inflammatory cytokine load in the portal vein, two logs greater than what you see in the blood. The portal vein feeds blood directly from the intestinal tract into the liver, and this highly inflamed [liqueur] has predictable effects on the liver with inflammation, decreased hepatocyte survival, which ends up with fibrosis and changes in the liver histology. The protocol is written, sites are identified, but we are delaying the initiation of this trial for now. Starting new trials in the COVID-19 era is challenging. Starting trials in a disease that is life threatening is a bigger challenge, and as we ramp up the COVID-19 effort, we are husbanding our drug supply with our existing programs. We have drug available to complete the Alzheimer's program to complete the plan COVID-19 program, but to support our expanding clinical programs, we have signed an agreement with KBI Biopharma to produce additional drugs. This concludes my comments on the DN-TNF Platform and I’ll move to the NK Priming Platform. The NK Priming Platform we call INKmune and we have two therapeutic programs in the queue. INKmune will be studied in solid tumor and hematologic malignancies, ovarian cancer and high-risk MDS respectively. The latter is a form of a pre-leukemia. In April, we announced that the USPTO had provided formal notice of the allowance of a patent application entitled in vivo priming of natural killer cells. This is the first of several that are coming for this platform. The patent relates to and I quote, “the method of treating cancer by administering a proprietary inactivated cellular material preparation and contacting a patient's own natural killer cells within the body to induce an in vivo response, namely the priming of NK cells for enhancing the innate immune response, and the NK cell ability to recognize and kill cancer cells in the patient. I'll remind you, we do not give new NK cells. We believe and we have excellent data to support it, that the patient – the cancer patients NK cells are fine. They have all the tools they need to kill cancer cells, but they need targeting assistance. They need to be turned on and that's what INKmune does. The newly allowed patent is expected to issue in approximately 60 days and will expire in 2036. This is just as I said one of the many of the company's IP or patents that were expanding our portfolio and we believe our patent portfolio is one of our finest assets. The Phase 1 clinical programs in INKmune are being run in the UK. The UK is suffering mightily from the COVID-19 pandemic, as are we. And both programs have been somewhat delayed by the fact that, you know, they aren't allowing clinical trials to move forward because of the pressures on the hospital. We are cautiously optimistic that we can meet our goal to treat a patient within the high-risk MDS program by the end of the year. Realistically, we do not expect to treat a patient in the INKmune ovarian cancer trial until the first half of 2021. So with that, I will turn it over to David who will talk about financial results, and upcoming milestones.