Good morning everyone. Thanks very much for joining us for our Full Year Results Q&A. Hopefully by now you've had time to look at our presentation as well as the press release and watch the video in the Investors section of our Haleon website. As usual, I'm joined by Brian McNamara, our CEO; and Tobias Hestler, CFO. So, with that we'd like to get started with Q&A and hand over to the first question. Thanks.

The first question comes from the line of Rashad Kawan Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead.

Hey guys, good morning and thanks for taking my question. Congrats on the results. Two for me please. The first one in terms of absolute margin developments, you're calling out 3% transactional FX impact another 3% from M&A. so that's about a £150 million headwind. I think you likely get about £100 million from cost savings to partly offset that some more from kind of operating leverage. So, you've taken some pricing obviously in the back half of last year. Can you just talk about how you expect gross margin to develop over the year? How much of the £100 million in savings you plan on reinvesting et cetera? Just trying to get a sense for the margin evolution over the year? And then my second question just on the shape of the P&L for this year. You've given guidance on Q1. But how should we think about the different moving parts over the year in terms of price mix and volume again you're still benefiting from some carryover pricing so do you expect growth to be priced like again? Do you plan on taking more pricing? Any color there is helpful. Thank you very much.

Okay. Thanks Rashad. Tobias I'll pass that to you.

Great. So, on your margin question so for 2024. So I think we've given you as you say the building blocks with translational FX 2 and 3 down, so that gives you about 20 bps negative. That's largely driven by the dollar and the euro. So, it's a big currencies, of course, we'll update you as we go through the year and our ad memo each quarter how that evolves. We've given you the M&A building blocks which is down 1% and 3% that gives you another about 40 bps of margin that is negative. And then I think as you said we said we're very confident in our guidance. One we're very confident in the 4% to 6% sales growth guidance but we're also very confident in being able to grow organic profit ahead of the rate of sales growth. And if you just want to put it a little bit into perspective, you see what we delivered in 2023. We delivered 60 bps of margin improvement. So, operating profit grew nearly three points ahead of the rate of sales growth. And then on your question on how we see that going through the P&L line? So, on gross margin we expect gross margin to grow ahead of the rate of sales growth. You've seen that come through in Q4. So, in Q4 gross margin was up 70 bps, given easing of inflationary pressures, the pricing coming through a little bit of help because we didn't have to recall we had in the prior year. But overall I think the algorithm will start working on that. And then as you mentioned the productivity program we said about a third of the £300 million to come through. Again we feel confident in the £300 million delivery about a third of…

Thank you very much.

The next question comes from the line of Guillaume Delmas, UBS. Please go ahead.

Thank you. Good morning to B.S. Brian and Sonia. So, I've got two questions. The first one is on your respiratory health division, which had a very strong finish to the year, quite in sharp contrast to most of your listed competitors. So could you maybe shed some light on this surprisingly strong performance in Q4. And also I guess making sure that there were no one-offs or any particular sell-in, sell-out discrepancy that could explain this good Q4? And then my second question is on your VMS operation because there's been a clear improvement toward the end of the year led by Caltrate in China, Centrum and also some stabilization for emergency. So with additional marketing support put behind this business and also against the backdrop of improved category growths, would it be fair to assume that VMS should return to its medium term ambition of mid to high single-digit growth as early as in 2024? Thank you.

Thanks, Guillaume. I'll take those questions. Let me start with respiratory performance. I think you're right. We did see good growth in Q4 of our respiratory book follow, just under 11%. And it was 7.5% in the back half. Now I think 1 of the reasons that those results look different than some of our competitors is also has to do with our portfolio and geographic footprints. So for example, the US is about 32% of our respiratory business. Now in the US, in the back half, our business was basically flat in respiratory, but the market was down kind of mid to high single-digits. Now -- so 68% of our businesses outside the US and we saw much higher instances in some other geographies, specifically the places like Central Eastern Europe, Japan and Turkey, and we performed quite well in those environments. So, as we look though, the outlook, we're looking for a more normal season now. Of course, what's normal is always a debatable question. But to be a share of some slides in the presentation that showed you look at the US environments getting back to kind of pre-COVID levels. We're expect this to be a business that fluctuates plus or minus a half to a percent on a very extreme good or high season or low season. So overall I think that's the difference. Nothing particularly in one-off or discrepancies in inventories or anything like that that I would highlight. On VMS, you're right, we continue to see more normalization of that category. Tobias again shared in the presentation some market share slides. You see that Caltrate and Centrum have done quite well. And frankly, Emergen-C has one share. Now, the one share at a declining market, and we're seeing that stabilize as we get towards the end of the year. But we continue to be optimistic on this category. I'm not going to give any specific guidance for next year on it, but we think the category will overall get back to pre-COVID kind of growth levels. And honestly, this is also an area where I just highlight Centrum and what's happening there. Really strong performance on Centrum last year driven by the clinical study, which now we have three different outputs of that clinical study that show that Centrum Silver increases cognitive function by 60% among the population of people 60 and older. We're seeing that really drive differentiation in the marketplace. So we're excited about those kind of things where we can really make a difference in VMS.

And maybe let me ask 1 thing here, going back to the cold and flu topic. So there's another differentiator for us is in our product portfolio. So we have TheraFlu, NeoCitran, and some European marketing in Canada, which is a hot drink. And that tends to do better in season where you have more flu-like symptoms. So when you really feel under the weather, when you're in bed, when you have a fever. So -- and the type of bugs that went around, especially in Europe, in Q4, were more of this heavier nature. So I think that helps again. I think it shows you the strength of our geographic portfolio but also the strength of the diversity of our product portfolio which makes this business very resilient.

Very clear. Thank you.

The next question comes from the line of Iain Simpson, Barclays. Please go ahead.

Thank you very much. A couple of questions from me if I may. Firstly just to go through that margin point again to make sure I understood you correctly. So you've quantified the headwind from portfolio and FX effects. That's the 60, 70 basis point headwind. You've got some cost saves, but I assume that it sounds like a lot of those will be reinvested to further drive growth. So effectively in order to get margins flat for this year, we probably have to assume that organic margin expansion would be I know let's call it 50 bps plus, which I guess is possible that also might be a bit of a stretch. So perhaps as we think about reported margin this year versus 2023, we should be thinking about it maybe flat to small down. Would that be a fair characterization just to make sure I've understood you? And then secondly just getting on to that capital return that £500 million buyback, very welcome. Is that something that you will be doing through the year as a kind of everyday buyback program? Or is that £500 million buyback headroom something that you will hold in your back pocket to potentially allow you to participate in any future placings? Thank you so much.

Thanks, Iain. So on the margin, right? So I think first of all knock on to guide on the reported margin, because there's two pieces in the reported margin, once the translational FX that's going to move up and down. So we're going to update you every quarter on what that is going to be. The numbers I've given you are now the dollar and the euro as I said earlier. M&A is also moving. We might acquire somewhat. You might have a another divestment. You might -- the closing of the divest might be two months earlier, two months later. So that's a moving piece. Again we'll update you on that as part of our -- as memoir. And then I think on the organic profit growth, I think you should I think take some comfort from us being able to deliver 10.8% organic profit growth against the sales growth -- organic sales growth of 8%. So that's nearly three points ahead of that. And that was in a year where gross margin was actually down in percent of sales. And we didn't have £100 million plus from a productivity program come through. So I think we have more room to reinvest. But, of course, I don't know what's in your model but I think Q4 should give you a bit of an indication that gross margin growing ahead of the rate of sales growth will help. Yes, we'll have some inflation still but the inflation pressures are lower. We'll have less pricing of course as well. But I think we're getting back to a more normal. So I think in my view overall this growth algorithm is really working and it’s yielding result. And then I think that’s for me great segue to the share buyback, I think…

Very clear on the margin and congratulations on cranking the cash machine. Thanks.

The next question is from Chris Pitcher, Redburn. Please go ahead.

Hi. Good morning everyone. A couple of questions for me. So following on from the cash question. Clearly, you've done some divestments, you're under no pressure to do divestments, but you're talking in the statement about sort of active portfolio management. On the acquisition side, there hasn't been much on that front. Are you now in a position? Do you have greater capacity to pursue deals? Was it just an issue of availability and price that was perhaps we haven't seen as much on that side of the equation? And then on India, could we just have a bit more detail on that? I mean India sales were up high single digit, but Sensodyne was up double digit implying the rest of the portfolio was quite a bit slower. Can you give us a share of how the business now splits between Sensodyne, Centrum et cetera for the launch? And was there any disruption from the transition from Hindustan Unilever that maybe affected some of those brands? I see you're going to ramp up marketing. Clearly we should expect an acceleration in India. I just wanted to check that was right. Thanks.

Thanks, Chris. Let me take the first question. So on active portfolio management which we said, we want to do in a year ago we said divest in bolt-on acquisition, expect divestment first, feel good about the two divestments we’ve made, both [indiscernible] in both cases, fantastic brand, just not strategic for us and not growth drivers for us and in both cases, I think we have really good value for those businesses. So value accretive to shareholders and we’ll continue to look for opportunities to simplify the portfolio and strengthen the portfolio. But we’re under no pressure to do that. We only do that if it makes sense and we create value to create the company we want to create. As far as, we do have capacity to do bolt-on M&A and if we find something that is attractive and strategically makes sense to bring the value in, we would have the capacity and ability to do that. But I probably would make any more comments beyond that. Tobias, do you want to talk Indian?

Yes. So look on India, I think first of all, I think the shift and the change in the business model building up our own sales forces and getting out of the distribution deal with Unilever worked very well. Of course this is a heavy, heavy undertaking and you always have a small bubble here or there, but I think the team has landed that very, very well. As a result, shifting all that over probably sales growth and sales growth into the distribution channel was a little bit lower in Q4 than what you would normally would see. But from a sell-out perspective, the business is doing really, really well and the numbers for the year where I think we're close to double digit. So I think overall they performed well. And also they started the year with very strong momentum, yes. So I think overall, I think as we always said, this is a market for us that should grow in the double-digit in the teens for us. And I think we're also very heavily investing into the market, right? So I think we both in '23, but also into '24, we continue to support that market, not just with the investment in the sales forces and in building the machine do it ourselves, but also in terms of A&P and was launching further brands in the market like taking Centrum into brick-and-mortar and other things. So overall, the big switch was done, executed successfully and I think now really see that as a growth driver for us in the future as well.

Thanks, very much.

The next question is from David Hayes, Jefferies. Please go ahead.

Good morning all. I have one follow-up and two questions if I can. Just to follow up and maybe appreciate a bit more on the net cost savings versus the gross cost savings. So I'm interpreting it as €100 million of gross none of it falling through to the bottom line this year really. And then looking to next year €200 million gross. Is there any way you can give us an indication of what the net benefit might be budgeted for in 2025 as you phase in those savings? And then on the two other questions. A&P spend, I think done 80 basis points potential sales in 2023. Can you just talk us through the drivers of that? I'm assuming there's a bit of Russia suspension of A&P, maybe some agency continued rationalization post filing out of GSK, but just a bit of dynamics on that 80 basis points, would be helpful? And then my final one, on the first quarter guidance that you're giving close to 4% OSG, could you commit to the volumes you think will be positive within that number in the first quarter? Just to push on that as well. Thank you.

Great. Thank you. Listen, I'll answer the A&P question and then pass it to Tobias to do your follow-up in the Q1 guidance. So first of all, on A&P I just want to be very clear that we are absolutely committed to investing in our brands and we believe investing in A&P is important. Also, investing in R&D and in our case, in the expert side of our business model, which is really important in oral health with dentists, but also with pharmacists with our OTC business. We do start A&P as a percent of sales in a relatively healthy place at 17.9%. But as you said, this year, we grew A&P 3% and as the year goes on we're very active in the way we manage A&P and ensure we get the best returns. So for example, in 2023, our A&P investment will find oral health was very strong, and you've seen that come out in results. And actually, we continue to invest in VMS, and we're able to take share, an example on emergency, which to be showed in the presentation in a declining market, which I think positions us and strengthens us for the future. On the contrary, in respiratory in the US, where we saw lower incidences and some disruption due to some ingredient questions on PE, Phenylephrine, we actually pulled back from our A&P spend there, is a conscious choice because we feel like the returns weren't there in that level of market. So -- and so when we look across the portfolio, we are actively managing that and making sure that we're investing for growth and we're investing in the right places, but not investing just to invest. And then as you said, within that, there is efficiencies we're always looking to be more efficient in our non-working A&P, and we see that obviously grow slower than overall A&P. So there's a number of dynamics in there. But we feel good about the investment, as Tobias said earlier, we expect in 2024 to continue to invest in A&P and drive growth and invested really higher than this year.

Good. And so coming back to the productivity question. So look, we're not going to split out what's the productivity program and how much of that drops to the bottom line. But I mean, let me go back to why we did the productivity program. We did it because we want to and have to drive agility in that business, to make the business faster, more agile. And then secondly, we also did it because it gives us the comfort that we can invest into the business in R&D and A&P. And I think that's, I think, we're -- there are slight differences to 2023. We didn't have the tailwind from a productivity program. Going into 2024, we have this tailwind. And that helps us being able to fund the things we want to fund. And actually, that helps us that we will be able to be -- to continue to be competitive in still a difficult market environment where in some places, we have seen volumes declining, and we have to battle for the volume growth that also we're committed to get. And I think that gives us, I think, the confidence that to be in this 4% to 6% range. And secondly, that we can grow operating profit ahead of the rate of sales growth in 2024, even in an environment out there where people might be putting more money back into A&P that they had taken out earlier. And then just on Q1, so we're not going to split out and give quarterly guidance on price and volume, right? But if you just -- I think in the backup of my deck, you see a little bit of consideration for sales growth. So, look, oral care, VMS, digestive health and other pretty clean from a run rate point of view, there's nothing undue in the base. And then there is -- we have to cycle over pain-relief and respiratory health. And you see that in the backup, and we mentioned it earlier in the call. And look, if you want to take a little bit of a step back, take comfort for what we delivered in Q4. We did 6.5% sales growth cycling over tough comps with some volume growth as well, right? And then again, that's the strength of the portfolio geographically and from a product mix point of view that the categories give us.

Thank you.

The next question comes from the line of Bruno Monteyne Bernstein. Please go ahead.

Hi. Good morning. My first question is on innovation and R&D. If I read the slides correctly R&D is down as a percentage of sales. I just wanted to understand is that linked to the our activity see switches that are maybe further delayed or maybe off the table? And if you could say anything about the sexual health product license that you gained a little while ago when will that start impacting organic growth for the business? My second question is coming back to hyperinflation. I'm totally clear how hyperinflation capping will impact the pricing and the organic growth. But my question is on your margin bridges you talked about operating leverage let's say the plus 50 basis points -- 60 basis points this year and then you have the negative effects. Clearly a big part of the operating leverage and the FX is Argentina and the like. So will your new approach to hyperinflation also reduce the amount of kind of operating leverage you would have quoted for 2023 and therefore the effect? So will that new approach also impact the way you look forward those EBIT margin bridges?

Thanks, Bruno and then pass it on to Tobias. So on innovation and R&D we believe in investing in that. What you saw coming through in the numbers was a bit of the efficiencies and effectiveness of the things we're driving across the business on some structured things and some we exited some TSAs for instance with GSK on pharmacovigilance and kind of took that in. So those -- that's the slight percentage of sales decline that you see. We're very committed to delivering this year. We had 67 new product launches this year. Very proud of some of the innovation that went and you look at the US market where we launched Sensodyne Active Pronamel Shield, year two of Sensodyne Sensitivity & Gum the two biggest innovations in the US toothpaste market. Things like emergency crystals which is a new form and be able to take emergency without order. Again off to a really nice start. And in macro in Australia which nature payment relief brand. With clinical claims we think is a new frontier and opportunity we're working our way into. So we feel good about the innovation. We feel like we can do better and always pushing for more there but we're going to invest where we need to invest in that space. Your question on the sexual health. [indiscernible] we haven't given much of an update. We expect to launch that within the next 12 months. And will update the market as we have more clarity and can more perspective on that?

Tobias, you want to..

There is one [indiscernible] in R&D there is also small accounting change we made there were some G&A cost that in the old days as we spun out here flavored delivery report in R&D. We simply tried our accounting. So some of that moved in to G&A line to be consistent and that was another reason for you saw a little lesson the R&D line which is shifted over into another line but that's also now also out of the base going forward. And then on your hyperinflation question, yes, Tobias is absolutely right. I think the Argentina and Turkey because we did not apply hyperinflation accounting in 2023 gave us a bit of a tailwind of -- give us a bit of a tailwind on both the sales numbers but also on the operating profit number. Now of course there's also transactional losses in that because these markets tend to import. So I think in Turkey we do not have our own manufacturing. So they have to import from -- mostly from hard currencies production size. In Argentina we have our own production but they're still raw materials and the materials that you can't get in the country that's offset. So -- but look in the mix I'm not concerned about the ability to drive operating margin going forward even with applying hyperinflation accounting going forward.

Thank you. And anything on the RX-OTC switches and the innovation has any update?

No, no update to speak of. I think as we said again two years ago we said we'd expect that in the pipeline we have two switches that come potentially launched in 2025 and 2026. We said those have been delayed based on discussions with the FDA. So really no update on that. And obviously we've done the deal on sexual health which is in a way an Rx-OTC switch is a direct to OTC and we're excited about that opportunity there.

Thank you.

The next question comes from the line of Celine Pannuti, JPMorgan. Please go ahead.

Thank you. And good morning everyone. My first question is on the balance sheet or the leverage. So you said you are three times. Do you still have a goal of 2.5 times given that you are going to do that, that's the share buyback and you announced the dividend, so actually could update us on that? My second question is on pricing. Can you talk about your ability to price and what kind of regions or quantum of pricing we should be looking forward as additional pricing in 2024, if any? And then lastly, can you talk about the volume performance in EMEA, LatAm, which was negative, as negative as in Q3, one in Q3, there were some, I think, one-off issues. So could you shed light on that?

Great. Thanks, Celine. First, let me just talk the pricing ability thing. I think as we look at next year, we continue to expect to see pricing. We also expect to have volume growth through for the full year. And as we've always said, we try to keep very conscious of how we take pricing because we want to continue to see that volume growth, very proud of 2022 and 2023 and what we've been able to deliver. The pricing environment certainly in mass markets, places like U.S. and across Europe is challenging, but we believe that we have still the ability to take price. And certainly, in pharmacies across Europe, it's much more about the decision we want to make on the pricing we can take and the consumer elasticity because they're really not a retailer in between us and the ability to take pricing as it's mostly independent pharmacy. And our OTC portfolio in Europe pretty much goes 100% through that channel. And then overall, listen, we feel good about the performance of our business in Europe, Middle East, Africa, and Latin America. We did see some volume declines there, as you noted. We've been able to take good price and the volume decline is really differentiated geographically. So place like Latin America, you would see a bit more volume decline, and it links a little bit to Tobias' point also in the hyperinflation comments in Argentina. But overall, we feel good about the makeup of the business. And then you have regions like Asia, where we had low inflation, and we continue to see really strong volume growth in that region and expect to continue to see good volume growth. Tobias?

Yes, look, on your -- on the leverage question, right, we said our medium-term target is to be around 2.5, right? It doesn't mean 2.5 sharp, but around that, the 2.5 number. We think that when you -- with all the analysis we've done, we think this is the right longer-term, more medium-term leverage range, taking all the components into account, interest rate and all the other capital allocation priorities. So I think that's why we aligned with the Board to target around 2.5 number over the medium-term. Now I think how we get there. I mean, I think you should take some confidence from our deleveraging path. We started around 4, so slightly above 4, 18 months ago, and we're down to 3.0 now. And I think we -- I think the strong cash generation of this business will not change going forward. So I think as we keep executing in the model, there we can do both, we can deleverage. And then also, I think when you think about the share buyback now, we have the income from the divest that helped to partially fund that. And lastly, also, I mean, if you just take at our cash position, we ended the year with a strong cash position. So ended the year with 1 billion of cash on the balance sheet, no commercial paper outstanding. And I think that allows us to pay back the bond, the $700 million bond that's due now in March from cash and also to pay out the dividend. So I think overall, I think the business is in a very strong place from a cash position. And I think it's delivering exactly on what we have promised to do and even ahead of time on that.

Thank you.

The next question comes from the line of Olivier Nicolai, Goldman Sachs.

Hi. Good morning, Brian, Tobias and Sonya. I've got two questions, please. First, going back to oral health. Could you give us a bit more details on the strong growth acceleration you've seen throughout the year? How much of this growth could be explained by the distribution gain that you still got on parodontax or Polident? And if that will continue to be a boost in 2024? And then just a follow-up, if I may, on the marketing spend, which grew 3% constant currency but declining as a percentage of sales to 17.9%. Now you mentioned that some of the reduction was in respiratory but did not prevented you from outperforming your peers. So, keen to hear your thoughts there? But also going forward, is 18% roughly a percentage of sales? Is that roughly the correctly that we should think about? Thank you.

Thanks for the question, Olivier. Let me start on Oral Health. So yes, we’re very good about the Oral Health performance, and as you saw from the presentation, really strong share growth across the three power brands, which is the vast majority of our business and different dynamics of growth all three. So, Sensodyne continues to see strong growth. Obviously, there was pricing but also volume growth on that business. And I think that growth was really driven by some very good innovations and performance by innovation. So I mentioned Sensodyne Proactive Enamel Repair year or two in many places the Sensodyne Sensitivity & Gum. So we're really seeing the model, which is the dental detail model, the innovation, the recommendation continue to be very strong and hold up very well in a volatile kind of economic environment. Also, we just launched in the US and a few other markets, Sensodyne Clinical White in Q1, which is an innovation we are very, very excited about. As you may know, whitening is a big trend in the market. But one thing toothpaste actually are very bad for set people with sensitive teeth and we have a product that actually does both, two shades whiter and 24/7 sensitivity protection. So, feel good about that. Parodontax is a bit of us continuing to activate where it's been in market but maybe we haven't had the capacity to resource allocate. We're seeing it react very well to brands and also to investment and to the growth. And then, I would say on denture care. Denture care is a bit of a bounce back from COVID. So what happened during COVID in that population, an older population less disposable income as social occasions went down, the usage of the category went down. Obviously, we're about…

And maybe just to add too little builds to what Brian said, on -- just on the 58% of the business gaining share, just a reminder that covers over 90% of our revenue. So this is really our full business, all the brands, all the markets wherever we get market share data, so it's a really holistic measure against the £11 billion of revenue that we have. And I think I just want to point that out a bit. So, I think really strong number overall.

Thank you very much.

The next question comes from Mikheil Omanadze, BNP Paribas. Please go ahead.

Hi, thank you. One question one follow-up for me please. Can you please comment on the consumer environment in your categories? Are you observing any down trading at all in your key markets? And in terms of the follow-up just to make sure I understood correctly you said that longer term, you are targeting your organic growth to be roughly half and half split between volume and price and that 2024 will be a step in that direction. Does that mean that you expect pricing to still be a higher contributor of growth in 2024? Just to make sure I understood this correctly. Thanks.

Great. Thanks for the question. Let me take the first and I'll pass it to Tobias on the pricing. As far as the consumer environment in key markets, I think we mentioned a bit it does change geographically a bit on what we see. And as I mentioned before, Asia continues to be quite strong, low inflation in that market and we can see this good volume growth. If you look at the U.S. environment, it's been a bit tougher environment in the sense that we've seen kind of volume declines in certain categories. But what I would say is it's really a category-by-category first. So, as immunity category, as we shared, saw a significant decline because of the explosive growth that happened during COVID. If you look at respiratory, in the first half, we saw good growth and then in the back half due to seasonality, we saw that category decline. And on oral health, we've continued to see real strength in that category going on. As far as down-trading and private label and U.S. would be the largest private label market we're really not seeing that on a broad basis and across our portfolio. Actually overall in private label in the U.S., we've gained share. Now, it's different category-by-category, smoking cessation a little different. It's a higher-priced product. But I'd say overall nothing material is happening that's impacting the business overall in that way. Tobias?

Yes, I think you understood this correctly. So, there will be more of our growth coming from price than from volume next year. So, it's a stepping stone in that direction. In the medium term, we think we're going to be back at the round of 50-50 outlook, the 50-50 was 60-40, 40-60 depending on the year when you launch and how you take price. But a stepping stone in that direction, but clearly still more skewed to price. But significantly less than it was last year with the seven one or 85-15 between the two years.

That’s very clear. Thank you.

The next question comes from the line of Tom Sykes Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead.

Thank you. Morning everybody. Firstly just on China OTC and I guess the renewal of the China route JV is to you in September is there anything you can say on that and whether any terms will change and maybe what phasing of China OTC does to the phasing of group ability? And then just on North American growth are you seeing any impact of increased OTC allowances from insurance companies? And do you get a sort of flushing of FSA eligible or accounts for FSA eligible product in Q4, which rather accentuates the seasonality at all of OTC? Thank you.

Great. Let me do this. Let me mention OTC China. I'll touch on your U.S. question. I'll have Tobias talk about the status of the joint venture. So, first of all, in OTC in China, if you remember a year ago when COVID lockdowns came off, all the sales restrictions on our products like [indiscernible] which is an ibuprofen pain reliever and contact [ph] cold and flu product. We saw a significant demand for two reasons; until restrictions were taken off and COVID went through the country and we treat those symptoms. So very proud of the way our China organization will react from a supply chain demand quadrupled overnight and we're able to really react and help meet that demand. And that certainly will be a factor for our China business in Q1 and Q2 as we look forward now. That's already incorporated into our Q1 guidance, which we said will be slightly below our full year 4% to 6% guidance. But overall we feel very good about that market and our business there and it grew at healthy double-digits in 2023. Our North American growth and the impact of the FSA really no impact to speak up, we think they're good to have in place. And it's good that people can use those funds in a tax-free way to buy OTC products, but I would say there would be no analysis that we have to say ahead of any material impact on our business. Tobias, do you want to talk to China joint venture?

Yeah. So look on the joint venture. So we're in -- as you can imagine we're in discussions with our partner. I mean, I've said before, this is a joint venture I think where both partners need each other. And I think so we're very confident on the continuation of the --of the joint venture and we would update throughout the year, if there's anything that would change in that. I think this is a joint venture that has done well for us. We're very happy with the performance. Our partner is very happy with the performance. So I think from our perspective, no concerns on that. And if there's any material change we would of course tell you timely. And also from a phasing point of view, I think, in the back of my deck you see, I mean, remember Fenbid, but not all the Fenbid growth last year is going to disappear again, because Fenbid came back from a reduced use, because it was blocked for sales before. So we're going to retain some of that upside. And then you also -- we have seen very strong and continued success on the other categories in China. Caltrate. You've seen that in my deck, I've shared the sellout numbers that we had on that brand. That's our largest brand in China. Sensodyne had a weaker half one last year and started to perform very well in the second half of the year, so we go with good momentum into the year. So you have some offsets in other part of the category in China. So it's not just Fenbid. And as a result confident that China will be a growth contributor and will be additive to growth in 2024 as well for the full year.

Maybe we take one more question.

We have a follow-up question from David Hayes, Jefferies.

Hello. Sorry to come back. Just a completely clarify the share buyback which I may have not quite cool. So the £500 million you kind of mentioned that that may be impacted the way you use that by what GSK and Pfizer do. So just to be clear you could for example £500 million in the first six months of the year, nothing in the back half if the dynamics are what they choose to do made, that attractive? And then I guess if you are maybe to do more divestments in the year that £500 million could change? This is not something you agreed locked in with the Board. You could be flexible on that and maybe do more in the second half of the balance sheet flexibility was to get more favorable is that is that both fair comments? Thank you.

So first of all, look, I think we've allocated £500 million of capital for share buybacks. We're going to do £500 million. How we do it? We want to do it in the best possible way. And I think preferably, if there would be a placing it would be through that, because we get a discount, yeah. Now we're going to do it in 2024. So that's the timing we have set for that. So we have to have the cash. And we'll do that flexibly in the most efficient way for the shareholders. I think you understood that part correctly. In terms of capital allocation decision, so I mean, look, if we would do a -- we laid out the thing in my presentation the new capital allocation framework right? And I think one thing that doesn't change as the high cash-generative nature of that business. So if we're in a situation that we have excess cash like we have now, coming through towards the end of the year and plus the divestment. We sit down and go through the three buckets have we invested properly in the business. We've done that then you move on to either any bolt-on or any M&A opportunities that are commercially compelling and accretive in value. And then lastly, if none of those exist, then we will look at what to do with the excess cash. So we would look at does it make sense to pay down more of the debt? Or does it make sense to return it for example via shareholders? And we're going to share via buybacks or via dividends. So -- and I think that's exactly how we came to the decision because share buybacks are at the moment the best way and the most value-accretive way what we can do with that excess cash and that's why we made a decision to allocate £500 million to share buyback. We would go exactly to that same logic if and when the situation would arise that we have excess cash on our hands.

Great. Thank you.

Okay. Great.

Great. Thanks David.

Okay. Great. Listen, thanks very much everyone. I always appreciate your time and the engagement and your questions. It's been another successful year of delivery for Haleon, building on our track record as a stand-alone company. I feel really confident about the year ahead. And we remain well positioned to deliver our 2024 and our medium-term guidance. So I hope you all have a good rest of the day. And if there's any further questions as always feel free to reach out to Sonya and the Investor Relations team. Thanks again.