David Johnson
Analyst · Piper
Thank you, Eric. As Eric has already mentioned and as you will have read in our earnings announcement, sales for 2011 increased by 34% to $304 million as compared to $227 million in 2010. Within this number, our crop sales were up 35% to $275 million and our non-crop sales were up 24% to $29 million.
In our 10-K filing scheduled for later this week, you will see a detailed description of sales by product groups. In summary, insecticides recorded sales of approximately 63% over the prior year. This group includes MOCAP, NEMACUR, and AZTEC 2.1, products which were acquired in December of 2010.
Our other crop sales were up nearly 47%, primarily driven by FOLEX sales. The balance of our crop sales were up approximately 5%, primarily as a result of a strong performance from our herbicides. Our non-crop sales were up about 24%, mainly as a result of demand of our mosquito adulticide product and also as a result of increases in our pest strips business, offset by PCNB sales into the U.S. turf market which did not restart until the EPA-approved labels at the end of November 2011. After reentering the market, the products sold briskly for a short period until weather prevented further applications.
I am pleased to be able to report that our newly acquired brands have performed quite well in 2011, notwithstanding some supply challenges. Sales of these products continue to contribute to the little more than 50% of our overall net sales gains for the year. These newly acquired brands also contributed to the 62% year-on-year increase in our export sales.
Our gross margin in 2011 was 40% of net sales as compared to 38% for 2010. This was driven by both an improved mix of sales and better overall factory manufacturing performance.
Operating expenses increased by 25% as compared to last year. This supported an overall increase of 34% in sales, with substantial increases in new products and export sales. Included in this cost increase, we have amortization expense associated with newly acquired products; higher product defense costs on our expanded portfolio; further expansion of our field-based product stewardship activities; the addition of new people, primarily to sales, technical and regulatory teams to improve resources focused on building both organic sales and the sales of new products.
Freight costs reduced as a percentage of sales from 7.4% to 7%. This has been achieved despite the significant increase in export activity mentioned a moment ago. Increased incentive compensation accruals reflecting the substantially improved financial performance.
It should be noted that for this 10-K, the company has reclassified certain program costs from operating expenses, resulting in a reduction in both operating expenses and revenue. Historically, the majority of program costs have been charged against revenue. The amount of the reclass is immaterial and has been done for all comparable numbers. The reclassification has occurred because charging to operating expenses requires collecting supporting data from customers. And as the business continues to grow, that process has become unduly burdensome, both for our customers and for the company, considering the minor level of these charges.
As an example, the expense moved in 2011 is approximately $4.5 million, and in 2010, is $2.8 million. The programs involved are primarily related to the corn market which has grown very strongly in 2011. This reclassification has an immaterial impact on net sales, gross margins and operating expense, and has no impact on operating income or net income.
One key metric that we track is operating expenses as a percentage of sales. This year, we posted 28%, an improvement as compared to the 30% achieved in 2010. The net result of these dynamics is operating income of $39 million versus $19 million this time last year, an improvement of 104%.
Our interest expense, as a percentage of average debt, is reported flat as compared to last year. However, this year, our expense includes certain costs related to the amortization of discounted liabilities on acquisitions completed in Q4 of 2010. These costs will drop somewhat in 2012 and then more significantly in 2013 and beyond. Furthermore, you will see in the 10-K statement the underlying interest rate and associated expense is significantly lower than last year. This is driven by the very careful control on our cash position, which has enabled us to eliminate use of revolving debt to cover working capital needs for a substantial portion of 2011.
Income before tax improved from $16 million to $35 million, an increase of 118%. Our effective income tax rate is 37.4% as compared with last year, at 32.2%. This increase has been caused primarily by the much improved operating performance which tends to reduce the beneficial impact of some fixed deductions. Further, there were some beneficial impacts in 2010 related to the treatment of certain items that did not carry forward and benefit 2011.
As noted by Eric and in our earnings announcement, our net income has increased 101% and our earnings per share has essentially doubled from $0.40 last year to $0.79 this year. When reviewing the balance sheet, you will notice that our inventories are down $3 million at $71 million, as compared to $74 million this time last year. This has been achieved on higher overall sales, the integration of new product lines and the increase in equitable business, and represents a significant improvement in our performance on this aspect of working capital management.
Our receivables ended higher than last year at $70 million, as compared to $34 million. This is driven by the stronger Q4 2011 sales performance. It is also pleasing to be able to report that collections against the Q3 balance of $97 million went extremely well during the final quarter of the financial year.
Our program balance ended higher than last year and is driven by a few key dynamics. First, as noted a moment ago, we have significantly stronger sales in Q4 of 2011. And second, we have more product lines this year that have a program involved. Offsetting these 2 drivers, we paid 100% of our program liabilities that were due and payable in December of 2011, as compared to approximately 70% in the same period of the prior year.
Our overall -- our stronger overall sales and profit performance and our careful working capital management enabled us to really drive cash hard during the latter part of the year. As you will have seen in the balance sheet attached to our earnings announcement, we ended the year with $35 million in cash. This is the strongest closing cash position in company history and places us in a strong position as we look forward to 2012. It is worth noting that, as Eric mentioned, in response to strong sustained demand for certain of our products, we plan in 2012 to invest in expansions to both our Axis and Hannibal manufacturing facilities. This will drive up our capital spending above normal levels for this new financial year.
I want to close with a few points from our Q4 performance. Our sales were up 36%, ending at $85 million. Our gross profit for the quarter ended at 40%, as compared to 41% last year. Our operating expenses ended at 25% versus 28% this time last year. Net income for the quarter was $0.23 versus $0.14 last year. With that, I hand back to Eric, who will close with some additional comments.