WillScot Holdings Corporation (WSC) Q1 2019 Earnings Report, Transcript and Summary

Good day, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the WillScot First Quarter 2019 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. Later we will conduct a question-and-answer session and instructions will follow at that time. [Operator Instructions] I would now like to turn the conference over to your host, Matt Jacobsen, Vice President of Finance. You may begin, sir.

Thank you, and good morning. Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that we will discuss forward-looking statements as defined under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Actual results may differ materially from those forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed in our press release and the risk factors identified in our 2018 Form 10-K and our Form 10-Q filed with the SEC later today. While we may update forward-looking statements in the future, we disclaim any obligation to do so. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, all of which speak only as of today. We'd like to remind you that some of the statements and responses to your questions in this conference call may include forward-looking statements. As such, they are subject to future events and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from these statements. WillScot assumes no obligation and does not intend to update any such forward-looking statements. The press release we issued last night and the presentation for today's call are posted on the Investor Relations section of our website. A copy of the release is also been included in an 8-K that we will submit to the SEC. We will make a replay of this conference call available via webcast on the Company website. For financial information that has been expressed on a non-GAAP basis, we have included reconciliations to the comparable GAAP information. Please refer to the tables and slide presentation accompanying today's earnings release. Lastly, this morning, we are filing our 10-Q with the SEC for the first quarter of 2019. The 10-Q will be available through the SEC or on the Investor Relations section of our website. Now, with me today, I have Brad Soultz, our President and CEO; and Tim Boswell, our CFO. Brad will kick-off today's call with a brief overview of our strategy, summarize our first quarter results and provide an update on our progress on our key initiatives. Tim will then provide additional detail on the financial results for the first quarter before we open up the call for questions. With that, I'll turn the call over to Brad.

Thanks, Matt, and welcome, everyone, to WillScot's first quarter 2019 conference call. I’m extremely pleased with our first quarter results as we continue to focus on growing our core leasing revenue through price optimization and continued expansion of our "Ready-to-Work" platform. Revenues of $255 million and adjusted EBITDA of $84.5 million were up 89.2% and 138% respectively over the prior year. Our adjusted EBITDA margin of 33.1% increased 680 basis points over the first quarter of 2018. This extraordinary margin expansion highlights the value of scale and synergy realization on our business when combined with the commercial strategy to drive lease revenue growth organically through rate optimization and penetration of our "Ready-to-Work" solutions. These growth levers are largely in management's control, and when coupled with these outstanding first quarter results, remain confident in our 2019 guidance and our ability to achieve both an annualized adjusted EBITDA run rate of $400 million as we exit 2019 and to deleverage below 4x net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA by the second quarter of 2020. Now turning to Slide three, before we get into further Q1 highlights I'll provide a brief overview of the company given that we again have new investors and analysts joining us today. As a specialty rental service market leader, our mission is to provide innovative, and modular space and portable storage solutions. We focus on providing these solutions "Ready-to-Work" so that our customers can forget about the space and focus on what they do best working the project, being productive, and meeting their goals. We now provide these solutions to more than 50,000 customers with a fleet of over 150,000 units representing over 75 million square foot of temporary space through an unparalleled branch network of over 120 locations spanning the U.S. Canada and Mexico. When we deliver an immediately functional space solution, productivity is all our customer sees. This value proposition is unique in the industry. Our customers, including those new to us to recent acquisitions are embracing it, and it is driving our growth. Turning to slide four, WillScot represents a compelling growth platform as a leader within the specialty rental service sector. I'd like to highlight five attributes underpinning our unique and fast growing platform. First as noted, we delivered $255 million of revenue in Q1, which is up 89% over the same period in 2018. And we have significant revenue visibility looking forward given the trajectory at which we exited the first quarter of 2019, our 30-month average lease durations and the embedded growth from pricing in VAPS. At a consolidated level, our first quarter 2019 average modular monthly rental rates were up 12.1% year-over-year on a pro forma basis, primarily driven by a 13.6% increase in our core U.S. modular segment, representing its sixth consecutive quarter of double digit rate growth. In addition to price optimization, the rate growth is driven by continued expansion of our "Ready-to-work" value proposition and we expect this momentum to continue as we look ahead. The second attribute we delivered $84.5 million of adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin of 33.1% in the first quarter providing for a very strong start to the year. The adjusted EBITDA result is up 138% and the respective margins are up 680 basis points year-over-year. In addition to impressive flow through of the top line growth, mod space related cost synergy realization ramped throughout the quarter such that approximately 40% had been action and are included in our results as we exited the quarter. These cost synergies along with those of prior acquisitions contributed $7.3 million of cost savings in the first quarter of 2019. Third, we have accelerating adjusted EBITDA growth and continued margin expansion. With a strong start to the year, we are confident in achieving an adjusted EBITDA run rate of approximately $400 million as we exit 2019. The recipe to achieve this improvement is straightforward, and largely within our control. Fourth, the free cash flow generation accelerates in the second half of 2019 headed into 2020. Given the cost and cash expenditures associated with achieving the cost synergies, are biased to the first half of 2019, we expect our discretionary free cash flow generation to approach $200 million annualized rate as we head into 2020. And fifth, the net income and free cash flow generation in the second half accelerates deleveraging into 2020. These accelerating earnings and inherent cash flow characteristics of our platform provide confidence that by the second quarter of 2020, we expect to be at or below 4x net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA in line with our target net leverage range of 3x to 4x. In summary, we're proud of our Q1 results and the entire WillScott team that delivered them. Our team is fully aligned towards our objective to safely and frugally achieve a run rate of $400 million adjusted EBITDA as we exit the year. We believe achieving this goal is well within our control, all the while continuing to delever the business. Turning to Slide five, no other company in our sector has the scope, scale, turnkey capability and service commitment to deliver as we do. For the combined business on a pro forma basis, our 2018 revenues were just over $1 billion and our adjusted EBITDA was $285 million. This is inclusive of our three acquisitions; Acton, Tyson and ModSpace as if we'd owned them for the entire period. Approximately 90% of our revenues are generated in the U.S. serving a very diverse group of end markets. Beyond our substantial scale advantage, there are three attributes to differentiate WillScott. First, as I mentioned our "Ready-to-Work" proposition. We've repositioned the business strategically with this unique value proposition to the expansion of our offering, value added products and services or VAPS. Our customers value it, and it's driving our growth with highly accretive returns. Second, is our differentiated and scalable operating platform. Over the past several years, we've invested in our people, our processes, our technology and have created a highly scalable and differentiated operating platform capable of asserting market leadership. The operating platform includes sophisticated price management and capital allocation characteristics. We've successfully leveraged this platform to swiftly and efficiently integrate acquired companies. Third, of attractive unit economics, which provide a high degree of visibility into our future performance. Over 90% of our adjusted gross profit is derived from a recurring leasing business, which is underpinned by long lived assets typically 20 years coupled with average lease durations of 30 months. Now turning to Slide six, over the last six quarters, we've doubled the size of the company by leveraging the unique WillScott operating platform in order to augment and further accelerate the already strong organic growth with highly accretive M&A. As depicted in the boxes above the arrow, our adjusted EBITDA has continued to accelerate since we recapitalize and returned the company to public markets in late 2017. The first quarter of 2019 represents the eighth consecutive quarter of adjusted EBITDA growth. Now during 2018, we joined the Russell 2000, all while making and integrating three acquisitions. As evident in our Q1 2019 results, the execution of the ModSpace commercial, operational and system integration has now enabled us to begin to realize the associated substantial embedded costs and commercial synergies. Tremendous effort has gone into safely and efficiently integrating these companies and I'm extremely proud of our team and their accomplishments. So we turn to Slide seven, the contributions from the organic lease revenue growth, combined with significant synergy realization are evident in our Q1 results. Starting at the left, you will note that our Q1, 2018 adjusted EBITDA was $35.5 million. This would have included acquisition prior to its subsequent integration. During the same period, ModSpace delivered $24.1 million of adjusted EBITDA prior to our subsequent acquisition with them combined for a total pro forma Q1 2018 adjusted EBITDA $59.6 million. As previously noted, we've realized $7.3 million of cost synergies related to the acquisitions through corporate branch, sales personnel consolidation, plant real estate consolidation and other SG&A savings in the period. In addition to the $7.3 million of cost synergies, we realized $17.6 million increase as a result of organic growth, primarily driven by rate optimization, VAPS penetration as well as some deferred seasonal variable costs, all building to our first quarter adjusted EBITDA result of $84.5 million which I remind you is up 138% as reported and is also up 42% on a pro forma basis over the same period in 2018. The bottom line contributions coupled with impressive flow through to the top line improvements resulted in Q1 adjusted EBITDA margin of 33.1% which represented an increase of 680 basis points versus the first quarter of 2018, and 870 basis points on a pro forma basis. This extraordinary margin expansion highlights the value of scale and synergy realization on our business when combined with our commercial strategy which drive least revenue growth organically through rate optimization and VAPS. Given the strong start to the year, we're well on track to achieve an adjusted EBITDA run rate of $400 million, EBITDA margin expansion to 35% and to be generating substantial discretionary free cash flow as we have to 2019. We've delivered on our commitments and we expect to continue to do the same. Turning to Slide eight, I'd like to provide a snapshot of the key U.S. leasing KPIs realized in the first quarter 2019 as they provide the primary foundation for the run rate in which we entered the current quarter. I'm presenting these results on a pro forma basis as this best reflects the underlying trajectory of the business. In the top left chart, ModSpace average monthly rental rate of $577 was up 13.6% as previously noted, representing the sixth consecutive quarter of solid double-digit increases. This increase is driven by expanding vast penetration and the WillScott price optimization tools. In the left middle chart, U.S. modular space utilization was up 240 basis points year-over-year to 74.8% given our continued focus on rate optimization, VAPS expansion and capital allocation as we continue to rebalance the acquired idle fleet. And in the lower left hand, U.S. Modular space units on ramp were down 2% in the first quarter as the company executed major integration and fleet rebalancing activities across the branch network. While Code [ph] activity has remained at or above our expectations throughout the quarter, our deliveries to new projects are ramping up a bit later in the season than normal given both the expected integration related activities and generally more broad spread weather impacts, which have delayed some projects starts. Our project, our primary focus throughout the integration and subsequent periods of optimization remains the safety of our colleagues, second rate harmonization and optimization, third VAPS penetration and fourth, asset utilization. Turning to Slide nine, in addition to the 70 million of cost synergies, there is 140 million of annualized revenue growth opportunity achievable over the next three years. I'm delighted to confirm that our vast penetration levels continue to increase towards our long term -- long term goals. In the first quarter, the average rate of VAPS study per month across all office units delivered the prior 12 months increased to $260. This rate is up 21% over LTM levels achieved the prior year. This is particularly pleasing given the past 12 months incorporated the integration of both Acton and ModSpace acquired portfolios. We've been successful in combining our sales team who themselves have been successful introducing this unique value proposition to many new customers. Behind the scenes our operations and logistics team have done an outstanding job equipping and expanding our supply chain to facilitate continued growth. Increasing VAPS penetration will remain a key focus of this business. Aside from M&A, the expansion of the "Ready-to-Work" value proposition represents the fastest growing aspect of our business with returns of greater than 40% on levered IRR. We expect the demand for this value proposition will continue to increase over several years as we both expand our offering and increase our penetration to our legacy customers as well as those customers associated with the new acquired businesses. And finally before turning over to Tim, Tim I would ask you to turn your attention to Slide 10 in order to expand upon our diverse end markets and our demand outlook. First, for those of you new to this story, I'd like to direct you to a pie chart in the bottom left of the slide which depicts our customer profile. Our customer base is highly fragmented with no customer representing more than 3% of our revenue and the top 50 customers representing less than 15% of the revenue. A few highlights at the end market level are the construction and commercial and industrial end market groups represented by the darker green and black slices are comprised of 11 discrete end markets providing for an overall very diverse end market mix. No one end market segment represents more than 17% of our revenues. Non-residential general contractors, which is this largest group is actually quite diverse in itself as their projects are typically serving one of the other discrete end markets. And finally, energy and natural resource end-markets represent 8% of our revenue and has remained stable over the last several quarters. The majority of the revenues in this segment are from customers associated with mid and downstream energy, mining or other major utilities which continue to remain stable as they have now for several years. Our overall demand outlook remains positive, quite balanced, and we continue to see strength across our diverse end-markets and geographies. Consistent with our prior calls, I'd like to highlight a few relevant external forecasts or indicators. First, the American Rental Association is forecasting 5% annual revenue growth through 2020. Second, the ARA consensus forecast is generally for 3% to 5% growth above the same period as depicted in the charts at the top left of the page. The ABI which has been a good leading indicator for non-risk construction activity for 47.8 in March has been above 50 or positive for 23 of the last 24 months. ABI reported inquiries and new projects and the value of new design contracts remain positive. Non-residential construction starts on a square foot basis continue to remain stable with current levels in line with long term averages. And finally, U.S. and Canadian 2019 GDP forecast are for growth above 2%. Now while largely not included in our outlook, we would expect that any substantial U.S. infrastructure spending bills now rumored to be up to $2 trillion once approved and implemented would further underpin and strengthen most of our diverse end markets. We expect our end markets remain supportive as we look ahead at the same time, we remain vigilant in maintaining our flexible capital strategy, investing to support growth as our markets are currently affording, and balancing growth and long term returns. As a reminder, one of the key strengths of our business model is to the discretion which we have over our capital spending in the short term coupled with our over 30 month average lease terms and our long lived assets, together allow us to reduce capital spending and drive free cash flow to the extent markets do not support growth. We have a disciplined quarterly process through which we continually reassess demand and control our capital allocation. With that, I'll hand it over to Tim who will to provide additional context.

Thanks Brad. Please turn to Slide 12. Q1 was an exciting quarter for WillScot as we began to see significant synergy value from both the Acton and ModSpace acquisitions contributing to our financial results and we expect this synergy contribution to build each quarter in 2019 consistent with our original expectations. The top charts show our year-over-year revenue and adjusted EBITDA growth as they are reported in our financial statements. Revenues were up 89.2% and adjusted EBITDA was up 138% versus prior year. As Brad mentioned, about half of the adjusted EBITDA growth is coming from the prior year contribution of ModSpace and the other half is coming from both synergy realization and flow through from organic growth in the combined leasing operations. The net result was $84.5 million of adjusted EBITDA, which is also up 15% sequentially relative to Q4 of 2018 and marks our eighth consecutive quarter of sequential EBITDA growth. The bottom charts show revenue and adjusted EBITDA growth year-over-year on a pro forma basis, which is a better indication of how the combined portfolio performed organically. Total revenue was up 4.5% on a pro forma basis, with 8.9% year-over-year growth in modular leasing revenue, partly offset by a decline in sales revenue. This revenue mix shift favoring our leasing operations is healthy and intentional, and we expect we'll continue through the course of 2019 and consistent with what we've articulated previously. The take away from the pro forma chart is that we saw a tremendous operating leverage in the platform and flow through to adjusted EBITDA in Q1. Of the roughly $25 million increase in pro forma adjusted EBITDA, approximately $7.3 million dollars came from cost synergies that we had specifically identified and actioned. This $7.3 million represents $29.2 million of annualized cost savings or 42% of the original $70 million annualized cost synergy opportunity. We are thrilled to see it dropping to the bottom line as planned. Of the remaining $17.6 million increase in pro forma adjusted EBITDA, variable costs such as direct labor, materials and commissions were approximately $5 million lower than we expected due to delivery volumes, which appear to have shifted into Q2 based on the slower seasonal start to our year that Brad referenced. I'll come back to that somewhat peculiar dynamic in a minute, but that leaves just over $12 million of adjusted EBITDA growth that resulted from the $14 million increase in leasing revenue and it was partly offset by a $3 million decline in sales revenue. That suggests flow through to adjusted EBITDA from lease revenue growth in excess of 90% which makes sense given our emphasis on pricing and value added products. And this was enhanced by improved margins on delivery and installation services which is quite encouraging. Our gross margin on D&I was 13.8% and up 410 basis points year-over-year on a pro forma basis primarily due to pricing initiatives. These three items, cost synergies and deferred seasonal variable cost in organic flow through drove 870 basis points of margin expansion on a pro forma basis, which puts us well on our way to the 35% margin target that we've communicated for Q4 this year. That said, the $5 million of deferred variable cost added approximately 200 basis points of margin in Q1 and I expect that 200 basis points will reverse in Q2 as delivery volumes appear to be ramping later in the season. Again, overall this results supports the full year outlook as well as the 35% adjusted EBITDA margins and $400 million adjusted EBITDA run rate by Q4 of this year. However, the margins should dip a bit now in Q2 before continuing the expansion to our target due to this atypical seasonal dynamic. Turning to Slide 13, this is our usual reconciliation of net loss to adjusted EBITDA. While we believe adjusted EBITDA is the best indicator of our operating performance, we remain bottom line focused and expect to improve that bottom line steadily throughout 2019. In Q1, total restructuring, integration and related impairment costs totaled $18.4 million and are down 40% sequentially after peaking in Q4 last year. The tapering off of these charges combined with the continued synergy realization and contribution from organic lease revenue growth are what give us confidence in our transition to consistent net income generation in the second half of this year. One minor clarification on this page, we incurred a $2.3 million non-cash impairment charge related to real estate that we intend to sell which sounds like a bad thing. In our 10-Q you will also see that we wrote up the fair value of certain ModSpace property plant and equipment by nearly $5 million on the opening balance sheet. So we are actually seeing some net favorability and are encouraged by the valuations we are seeing in our initial property transactions. Remember our goal at the surplus owned real estate is simply to maximize proceeds and redeploy unproductive capital. Slide 14 gives us summary status update as to where we stand overall on synergy realization, integration, restructuring costs as well as real estate proceeds. We've already discussed the impact of cost synergy realization in the quarter. Approximately 42% of the total $70 million annualized opportunity was reflected in our Q1 results, and we continue to expect that 80% of the full annualized opportunity will be reflected in our Q4 results this year. As a reminder, these synergy totals do not include any potential Phase 2 opportunities, which we may quantify in the future, as we optimize operations. In the middle chart, at this point we do believe, it is prudent to assume some contingency for integration and restructuring costs, approximately half of which could result from the planned shutdowns of the three former ModSpace manufacturing facilities, and the remainder reflects some risk and uncertainty related to the other potential lease terminations. We're not 100% certain that these contingencies will be necessary, but we did want to flag the potential risk to our original integration cost estimate. And while we are managing that risk aggressively, we do believe that any risk there would be offset entirely from a cash perspective by the incremental real estate proceeds that we have identified in the right hand chart. Our exit of owned real estate positions is progressing very nicely. We will begin to realize cash proceeds from property sales in Q2. And while the overall timing of these transactions is hard to predict, there is the potential to realize up to $30 million of cash proceeds from real estate in 2019, which would be significantly faster than our original expectations. As a reminder, our updated expectation of $40 million of estimated total proceeds excludes the 43 owned properties that we discussed last quarter that we expect to retain with carrying value of approximately $58 million. On Slide 15, Brad already highlighted the fundamental leasing KPIs in the U.S. segment. In the top left chart, utilization was up 240 basis points on the modular fleet, year-over-year primarily due to reductions in the ModSpace fleet size last year. And average units on rent were off 2% year-over-year on a pro forma basis due to the integration and seasonal disruptions discussed already. While volumes on rent create a headwind in the remainder of the year, that risk is entirely offset by the continued strong performance of core rates and value added products. So our guidance range and expected Q4 run rate are unchanged. Slide 16 goes into a bit more detail on the U.S. segment revenue and adjusted EBITDA performance which is driving the trends that I already discussed at the consolidated level. And on slide 17, I will add very brief comments regarding our North America segment, our other North America segment rather, which includes operations in Canada, Alaska, and Mexico. No significant change in this segment in Q1. We continue to view it as stable, with strength in both Eastern Canada and Mexico, and opportunity in Western Canada and Alaska, but more so as we look beyond 2019. Overall revenue was flat sequentially from Q4 with equipment sales and a sequential increase in pricing, offsetting a sequential decline in average units on rent. And the margin expansion in Q1 looks impressive, but it was largely driven by equipment sales that provided $1.5 million of contribution, so it is not a result that we are extrapolating. I will spend some time on Slide 18 because it illustrates how the business is changing through the course of this year from a cash flow perspective. You will recall when we issued our 2019 guidance in early January, that we provided a bridge from adjusted EBITDA to free cash flow that indicated approximately $55 million of free cash flow for the year at the midpoint of our ranges. On that call, we also discussed how we expect the business to transition from that losses in cash consumption, in the first half of the year to consistent net income and cash generation in the second half of the year. That transition is being driven by synergy realization, the tapering of our integration and restructuring costs, as well as continued lease revenue growth. And these dynamics would result in accelerating free cash generation quarter-to-quarter throughout 2019. That is still what we see in the top left chart. We present our adjusted EBITDA free cash flow bridge for Q1 in that same format we used in January. And the bottom left chart shows the implied adjusted EBITDA to free cash flow bridge for the remaining quarters, using our original guidance ranges. This begins to illustrate how we expect the remaining quarters of the year to be significantly more cash generative than Q1, ultimately culminating with the $400 million adjusted EBITDA and $200 million discretionary free cash flow run rate as we head into 2020. Focusing on the bottom left chart and starting on the left. The remaining $260 million to $280 million of adjusted EBITDA that we expect to generate will be driven by business fundamentals, such as our leasing KPIs, delivery and installation margins, fluctuations in sales, as well as the pace of synergy realization. The $80 million of remaining cash interest this year assumes no change in our debt structure or weighted average cost of debt. The $90 million to $120 million of remaining capital expenditures will be reassessed quarterly and driven primarily by demand for refurbished equipment and value added products. And you can see that the remaining cash headwind from integration costs is largely behind us, given the offsetting real estate proceeds that we are beginning to realize. Altogether, this suggests a profound transition in our cash flow profile, which was a fundamental expectation underlying our original consolidation thesis as well as our organic operating strategy. Moving to Slide 19, there have been no material changes to our debt structure other than the planned $30 million ABL draw to fund the upfront integration costs and capital expenditures. We remain very comfortable with the flexibility we have to manage the debt structure in light of the change in cash flow dynamics I just discussed, as well as the overall outstanding Q1 results, which illustrate that any perceived execution risk associated with our consolidation activity or leverage is dramatically reduced with each passing quarter. Approximately 70% of the debt structure is fixed rate, inclusive of our interest rate swap. So we see limited interest rate exposure with some clear opportunities to reduce our weighted average cost of debt which is currently approximately 6.5%. We have no debt maturities prior to 2022. We do have flexibility to repay that at every level in the debt structure. So we have good optionality around how we deliver when we transition to cash generation. In the meantime, we will monitor market conditions as always and be opportunistic to the extent we can improve the capital structure. We maintain our four times leverage target by Q2 of 2020, as measured on a trailing basis, and expect we will be there sooner on a run rate basis assuming current market conditions and a full capital expenditure plan. And the combination of 30-month average lease durations underpinning our lease revenue and a 90-day capital planning cycle give us both visibility to this target as well as tremendous flexibility in managing our discretionary free cash flow, two of the many reasons why this is a great business. With that I'll hand it to Brad on Slide 20 for closing comments and then Q&A.

Thanks Tim. In closing, our strategy is working and we continue to deliver on our commitments. We're extremely proud of all that we accomplished in the first quarter of 2019 which provides the foundation for a great future. We're very confident in our 2019 outlook and in our ability to achieve an adjusted EBITDA run rate of $400 million with discretionary free cash flow generation approaching $200 million annualized rate as we head into 2020. These accelerated earnings, inherent cash flow characteristics of our platform provide confidence that by the second quarter of 2020, we expect to be at or below 4x net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA as Tim articulated. We appreciate that you’ve taken the time to join us today and for your interest in our company. We look forward to speaking with many of you very soon. That concludes our prepared remarks. Now we'd be happy to take your questions. Operator, please open the line.

Thank you [Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Manav Patnaik from Barclays. Your line is open.

Thank you. Good morning gentlemen. The first question I had was if you could just provide some more color on the new order activity that you said was picking up at the end of the quarter and how you anticipate that to track, I guess going forward?

Yes. As I mentioned my prepared comments, the quote activity throughout the first quarter remained at or above our targets. If you consider kind of historic pro forma levels, so we're quite pleased with the quote activity. Order rates, so the conversions are close to order, ramped nicely throughout the quarter and then obviously the delivery of those orders ramped a bit lower for both the reasons mentioned, the integration related friction. I would say and certainly more broad spread weather impacts than we've seen at least in the last four or five years I've been involved in the industry.

Got it. And then just in terms of the synergies overall, I think you talked about there are other synergies that you haven't quantified yet. Are we getting close to coming up with some of those? Just wanted to see whether you guys were there?

Yes, this is Tim. And I expect as we get a little deeper into the year, next quarter or two, we're able to talk a little bit more specifically about that. For now, we're just very very encouraged that the original expectations are starting to show up in the results that will continue to build throughout the course of the year and we will turn our attention to future opportunities thereafter.

All right. Got it. Thanks guys.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Kevin McVeigh from Credit Suisse. Your line is now open.

Great, thanks. Hey, I wonder, I'm actually I'm surprised the volumes aren't down more. Just given the integration you went through, just really what's driving I think the outperformance on that? Number one, and then number two, if you think about it relative from the sales force relative to kind of key clients, is the waiting one towards more towards the other or just any thoughts around that? Tim or Brad.

Well I think where we've seen the biggest disruption is in some of the smaller transactional business. We remain extremely well positioned in with our larger clients and the larger complex activity, but some of that transactional business can get disrupted through either. What's going on in the branch network or in the back office as well. The unit on rent portfolio moves very slowly given that the 30 month average lease duration in the portfolio. So whether it's going up or down it's going to do it very gradually and that's what we see to date and as order activity picks up, we see a gradual recovery. But with pricing and value added products offsetting any weakness we've seen from about volume perspective.

Kevin, the one thing I would add is, I appreciate your context. I mean it's a significant task to go from what was about 200 operating branches to 120. If you recall that occurred November 1st shortly after we closed the March based transaction. So at that point, we hadn't made really substantial structural expansions at any of those locations, but the team's mandate was focus on the customer, take care of the customer first. No, not to drop the balls. So as you articulate, I'm quite pleased with how we navigated the initial consolidation. And now as we've continued to progress, you've got rebalancing of all the idle acquired fleet as well as some more structural expansions at the various remaining 120 branches, which will continue to improve our effectively and efficiency as we go forward.

It makes sense. And then just, any sense -- obviously the pricing has been great. How long do you think you can sustain that double digit pricing?

That's always a tough one to say, Kevin. We – our original expectation is we would push that through the course of this year, and we'll reassess as we get deeper into the year. But certainly the results in Q1 were very encouraging, and suggest continued traction. Brad mentioned you saw that delivered rates on value added products pick up by another $10 for the LTM period ended March which is great. We love to see that number continuing to go up, and the overall $140 million value added product opportunity did not change. But as time goes by and that number doesn't change, that's a great thing, because we grew the business in Q1 and we still have the same size opportunity we had three months ago. So that's that's all good.

Awesome, thank you.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Philip Ng from Jefferies. Your line is now open.

Hey guys can you flush out the seasonality on margins from Q1 to Q2 a little bit more, you call that's in the timing for a variable expense kind of helped margins by I think your 200 basis points in 1Q. So you're expecting that to dip decline, so does that kind of normalize out in 2Q, and anything we need to be mindful for the rest of year as your synergies kind of flow through more fully?

Yes Phil, this is Tim. So in a normal year, I would simply tell you that Q1 margins tend to be a little bit lower than say a few 4, because as you're starting to incur more of that variable cost in the branch network, as you ramp up for the busier delivery seasons in Q2 and Q3. Okay. So what we saw this year was basically a deferral of some of that ramp up whether it's integration related or due to the other seasonal disruptions that we've heard a lot about. So as that activity then shifts into Q2, you get that margin pressure that would otherwise have occurred in Q1 but that you’re going get in Q2, that's all fine. That means orders are picking up, and that's great. And in no way changes our view of the overall direction of the business as we think about Q4 and the run rate going into 2020. And it really has nothing to do with the cost synergy realization that we are generating in the business. This is truly just the normal variable cost that's associated with our delivery activity. So the as we've said before, I think of the cost synergies as building in relatively linear fashion through the course of the year and we clearly saw a big chunk of that drop to the bottom line in Q1.

That's a good segway. I guess my next question is the March based synergies seem to drive a fair amount of the upside in quarter. Are you realizing that a bit more faster than you would have thought? And is the opportunity set shape a little larger as well? Were there any in the pockets that kind of surprised you to the upside?

Now I'd say the cost synergies coming out are very much in line with expectations. And to Manav’s question a minute ago, we are beginning to turn our attention to other areas of the business and whether you call that cost synergy or just operational improvements that are available to us in the business, we do believe there's opportunity there looking forward. Looking at the quarter, that one pleasant surprise was the delivery and installation margin that I highlighted pushing 14%. That's an area where we knew, we had opportunity historically from a legacy WillScott perspective and have been dedicating some time and attention.

Got it. Thanks a lot.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Ashish Sabadra from Deutsche Bank. Your line is now open.

Hi, congrats, congrats on such a solid results. I just wanted to follow up on the earlier comment around delivery and installation margins. Can you just -- you talked about the pricing improvement there as well, but importantly, can you talk about the opportunity for optimizing logistics. How much is outsourced and what can you do to improve the margins there going forward?

Yes, Ashish I’ll really say on that, is that the margin performance in Q1 was largely pricing driven. There is a bit of a dynamic where if you have more of that revenue coming from returns rather than deliveries that all wells equal can help your margins as well. So there was certainly some of that going on given that there was a unit on rent decline sequentially. As it relates to improvements from an efficiency or cost standpoint, it’s premature to get into that. And I do expect we'll revisit that later in the year.

That sounds good. And maybe just a question on the VAPS, again you highlighted how the VAPS, LTM rates have continue to move up every quarter. What's the current penetration with the $260 monthly VAPS rate? What is the penetration there? And where do you think the penetration can go going forward or in a steady state maybe in the middle? Thanks.

Yes. This is Brad. Well, we've kind of stated as our long term objective is to increase that to 60 to 400. We believe that $400 value per month, we would have penetrated about 80% of our units with furniture. As I have mentioned on prior calls, back to a little capital penetration, because almost all the units have steps and ramps, right, but -- so we're primarily talking about as furniture the drivers. So, if we’re 260 now, we're in that 40% to 50% range progressing towards our long term goal of $400 which would be about 80%.

That's great, and congrats once again on solid results.

Thank you.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Scott Schneeberger from Oppenheimer. Your line is now open.

Thanks very much. Good morning. Yes, very nice quarter guys. I want to follow-up on the first quarter to second quarter margin trend discussion. Tim, I know you don't want to give any quarterly guidance and that's wise. But just because that was such a huge swing quarter-to-quarter 4Q to first Q, could you give us a feel, any quantification for first quarter to second quarter just so everyone has a good feel for what that should be, obviously it's not going to be 450 basis points?

Yes. And actually would I intended to convey in my remarks is that that margin should dip in Q2. Scott. Because if you take that that $5 million of variable cost that represents about 200 basis points and we're pushing that I expect into Q2. So that will put us relative to our original expectations. Margins came in a bit higher in Q1 due to this dynamic relative to original expectations. Q2 will come in slightly lower than our original expectations and then normalize consistent with our original plan in Q3 and Q4 culminating in that 35% margin by Q4. So if you take the 33% margin in Q1, take out 200 basis points to 31%; that will be a starting point for thinking about Q2. The other big variable in there is the delivery and installation margin which was a positive surprise in Q1. Any moderation there could pull down Q2 a bit especially as you get into that delivery that very active delivery season. So that's not a cause for any alarm from our perspective. It's just a bit of a unique start to the year in terms of variable cost timing with everything related to our cost takeout initiatives well on track.

Great. Thanks. I think that's helpful. I'll use that as a segway to look at the full year guidance. I think on this end of the phone things are pretty good both ends of the phone as far as how you're tracking. But could you rank order kind of the top two or three things you think are opportunities that could push above the high end of the guidance this year. And then two or three things that keep you a little bit concerned that could push towards the low end? Thanks.

Yes. I'll start with my perspective and then Brad you give yours. And I touched on this when I was referring to the free cash expectations in Q2, Q3, Q4 based on that original guidance. Obviously the remaining EBITDA contribution is one of the biggest variables. If you think about the leasing KPIs, what we're seeing right now is a bit of a volume headwind offset by opportunity and price and value added products and we -- this is a balancing act we play every year, but any significant change in either of those KPIs one way or the other can drive the least revenue result. Delivery and installation margins; there is some opportunity there maybe some margin risk relative to where the percentage came in Q1, but certainly something we're working on. I think our sales expectation for the remainder of the year is balanced. So, I don't have a meaningful expectation there one way or the other. And the cost energy realization appears to be tracking very nicely. So, I think this is all about the fundamentals of the leasing permits.

Yes. I think that's right. The other thing I would add is, Tim touched on volume and how we are -- markets could surprise us further to the upside with more acceleration than we're seeing or expecting that would require us to invest more capital, and given the same depend on what happened in the year, right. It could be very helpful for next year's run rate, but you'd have some incremental variable costs in the period. So I consider volume to be probably neutral if it were just surprises to the upside within the period, helpful for next year. And then the only other one that we touched on before is, Tim, said cost synergies if we were able to realize more than the 80% which we targeted and we're confident in. Or if we were able to start to realize any of these additional fees to kind of cost synergies, but as Tim said its too early to call for now. We're quite proud of where we are leaving Q1 and we'll focus on all of the above as we move forward.

Okay. Thanks. Just one more if I could sneak it in. Brad, on your commentary on volume there, it’s interesting. Obviously there's a lot of puts and takes with the integration right now and it's been covered well on the call. But looking out multiple quarters I think everyone appreciates this focus on rate and the incremental margin flow through and the potential that drives. What is the optimal balance of rate in volume at steady state once you get through the integration process? How do you think about that conceptually a little longer term? Thanks.

Yes, we'd say and I’ll reference are our results prior to the integration is like 15 to 17. So we were significantly improving rate and that's without compromising volume. Now, I will point out that there was a year or two in that period where we were constrained from a liquidity perspective and we couldn't always invest in the growth. So, our focus isn't to sacrifice volume if you will or compromise volume for the other two we believe we have a good track record of getting it all. Now having said that, we're also kind of not in the game to go out and buy market share if you will and pursue. We would then become a capital intensive volume based growth strategy that's not good for us or any of our investors. So I'd say we're balanced on volume. We are very selective as we deploy the capital amongst our 120 branches in the underlying territories. If the rates and the VAPS are interesting in those or advantageous relative to another we'll redeploy the fleet in the capital accordingly. So that's a little bit of the art and science in our price optimization and capital allocation game. So we think we can do all three. We don't have a strategy to compromise volume if we will. But number one and two are rate optimization VAPS.

Great. Thanks. Thanks. Thanks for taking questions.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Courtney Yakavonis from Morgan Stanley. Your line is now open.

Thanks for the question guys. I just wanted to go back to the comments on some of the delayed deliveries from the first quarter. I think you would commented that it was $5 million cost associated with them. But did you quantify the actual revenue amount? And has that all been delivered at this point in the second quarter? Or is this still some left to be alert?

Hi, Courtney. I think the short answer is no. The way to think about deliveries is obviously there a leading indicator of what unit on rent is going to do eventually. Our rent we're down 2% year-over-year in the quarter and that's a slight increase from the Q4 volume results. So, what you see is kind of a dropping of that metric. And relative to original expectations a little lower than we would have originally planned, but with some exciting traction on the other side of the equation which is pricing in value added products and services. So like I said earlier, it's a balancing act. Order volumes are picking up as we go through Q2, but we're still just a third of the way through Q2.

Okay. Got you. And then just on some of the restriction impairment cost contingencies that you're baking in now. I just going to make sure until all of the branch consolidation has occurred at this point it's really -- are these contingency just related to the back office or maybe if you can just explain a little further what they are for? Appreciating that they're offset by the additional real estate it produce [ph]?

Right. And the distinction here is we have consolidated our operating locations, meaning all of the maintenance work and the personnel et cetera are being done in a single location to the extent this is a market where we've consolidated locations. You may have an idle real estate position on a leased property that still needs to be exited. So that could be a lease breakage. It could be a -- you write out that lease depending on the economics of this specific situation and that's what we're managing through, and that's always been part of the plan. This is just a distinction of operating locations were consolidated in Q4 last year. The physical exit of some of the remaining surplus properties is taking place through the course of this year and the biggest contributor there are several of the ModSpace legacy manufacturing locations that I mentioned. Does that answer your question, Courtney?

Yes. That's very helpful. Thank you. And then just lastly forgive me if I missed it. But I think you provide us how much the rental rate growth was from core versus VAPS. Did you get that this quarter?

We did not. I think last quarter in Q4 we had reference to 60/40 split in favor of just core rental rates. So yes, we've characterized 60/40 50/50. We continue to see that range and we'd expect that going forward through the period through 2020 [ph].

Okay. So no dramatic change this quarter?

No change in the trends.

Okay. Got you. Thanks.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Sean Wondrack from Deutsche Bank. Your line is now open.

Hey, guys. Great job, setting expectations and meeting them in the backdrop of a pretty complex integration going on.

Thanks Sean.

First question more housekeeping. I think last quarter you said a pro forma adjusted EBITDA as of 4Q 2018 was about $284.5 million. With the growth this quarter I'm getting to 3.09 and 3.10 range. Is that sounds right to you?

That sounds about right. And obviously that does not include the additional cost synergy realization that will build through the course of this year, so for example when we're reporting that pro forma adjusted EBITDA metric to our banker for example you get a significantly higher number.

Right. That makes sense. Second one is just more on the business. You've highlighted in the past there's been some discrete opportunities within Immigration and Customs Enforcement. I don't know if there's been any change there sort of to your outlook or the opportunities for your business. But is that something that you could provide sort of a full housing solution for people or is that something to think about?

No, but just a couple of points. Most of our assets are not coded to be inhabited by people. There were some former sister divisions of the parent holding company that were more focused on that. We do watch activity with ice and FEMA and the others and I would characterize that as generally they all present opportunities, they kind of move around with the event or challenge of the day. So given our vast portfolio now there are always some activity somewhere. But it's typically not a situation where an event in one region really moves the needle at the top level. So we stay close to it. We typically benefit locally from these interactions but it's kind of just a small piece of a large portfolio if you will right now.

Right. Okay. Thank you. That's helpful. And then just a couple more quick ones. When you talk about the four turns leverage target by to 2Q 2020, in that target are you assuming any debt pay down or is at all basically going to be done through ratio deleveraging?

No. We're absolutely assuming gross debt pay down. On the free cash flow slide. I explained how the business transitions through the course of 2019 to fairly substantial cash generation as we get to Q4 and that trend should continue into the first half of 2020, all else equal. So yes absent to any other capital allocation plan those, that free cash would go to repay debt.

Got you. And then as you think about capital allocation I don't know if it's too early to comment on this, but given that you're going to begin start generating cash, when you kind of rank your top three sort of priorities for capital allocation where would sort of debt reduction versus dividends or share buybacks versus acquisitions sort of rank there?

I’ll start and then Tim jump in. I think between now and the second quarter it’s clear we're going to get ourselves back into the 3x to 4x range. I'm personally quite comfortable with the 4x range. I think once we're back to that level everything is and will be discussed with the board. We think this platform that we created and grown here has pretty interesting and significant further investment opportunities as we expand our VAPS offering maybe we expand into other adjacencies. And of course we're not compelled to. We always keep our eye out for further accretive M&A.

All right. That's it for me. Thank you very much and good luck.

Thank you. [Operator Instructions] And our next question comes from Ross Gilardi from Bank of America. Your line is now open.

Thanks for squeezing me in guys. I think I get the interplay between Q1 and Q2 what you've gone through in a number of times, but I'm just really wonder at the end of the day I mean you did a 33% EBITDA margin in the first quarter, okay. It's going to dial little bit in the second quarter. I think you're still aiming for 35% by Q4. And your guidance implies like 32% at the midpoint and you've got all these synergies that are still going to roll through. So, I get that Q2 is going to give back some of the gain in Q1, but why aren't you raising the guide today? What's -- I don't really hear anything from you that seems like all that big of a concern on the demand environment?

I think that's a fair observation. And the first quarter is a very strong start, its one quarter of four. We're maintaining our guidance of 345 to 365. Maybe if I had to call today we're tracking a bit to the higher side of that. We'll watch this as we progress through the year and keep you posted.

Got it. It's great quarter for sure. I was just trying to understand a little bit more. And then on the rate; I'm not sure if I'm comparing apples and oranges or though. But you just did 13.6% pro forma rate in Mod U.S.? What is in your guide like 10% for the year or is that for the overall module leasing business?

We were we were referring to the Mod U.S. business when we talked about 10% for the year. So I think that's apples-to-apples and to your comment earlier we had a volume headwind relative to original expectations and a very good pricing in VAPS result in Q1. So that's the balancing act we'll play every year.

Okay. Got it. But I mean, it seem like you have a fair amount of cushion there at least out of the gate to doing 10%. I mean I imagine your guidance is baking in 10% of rate growth in Mod U.S. at the mid-point?

Yes. That’s a fair observation. We did not give quarterly guidance in terms of how that trends through the course of the year. I think you can model the value added products component of that, but it's not necessarily a static assumption in terms of our original outlook. So, that's probably coming into play as well.

And then I just want to ask you two, what's happening in portable storage I mean obviously the focus is really on the mobile office business and this has been less of a focus, but is it code you that the demand just clearly is softer there and it's a smaller business. What are the real synergies with that part of the business with the rest of WillScot and could any of those assets be divestiture candidates over time?

I would say, that -- this is Brad. It's a quite interesting aspect of our portfolio. It's just currently less than 5% of our net book value and our focus I think appropriately over the last year has been to leverage the office platform and achieve the results we’re achieving. I mean, looking forward, I would characterize we treat the storage a little more like a VAP right now. It's, it's something we'd like to move along with offices. It's a large addressable market. It has very similar unit economics to our offices loaded with VAPS, very similar lease duration. So, we really like the characteristics of the portable storage business, and I think as we look ahead over the years, it's a part of the business I'd be interested to continue to expand.

Okay. Got it. Thanks guys.

Thank you. And not showing any further questions at this time, I want to turn the call back to Brad Schultz for any further remarks.

No I think we've touched on everything, and we're running short on time. So proud of our results, and look forward to speaking with everyone at the end of Q2. Thank you.

Ladies and gentlemen. Thank you for your participation in today's conference. This concludes today's program. You may all disconnect. Everyone have a great day.