Sergio P. Ermotti
Management
Yes, Robert. I think when I look at the first question on WMA, I think, last year, we had, indeed, outflows in the -- because of tax payments. But of course, they were offset by order inflows. And this year, inflows and outflows were not sufficient to offset the major seasonal effects. So the net number is -- happened to be that exactly what is the tax outflows, but it's just a pure coincidence. So I would say that the reality's that we didn't see any inflows from clients, as we mentioned before, the -- that 16 quarters of positive numbers, around CHF 60 billion. And also, when you look at the results of the U.S. banks, you can see, really, there's a risk aversion being in play. All banks have reported that substantial increase in their deposits. What happened there is that we are seeing inflows when clients' risk appetite for investments goes up. And clearly, that's another indicator that, that risk appetite is not there in the U.S. So we do think it's temporary, but we need to have a resolution of these macroeconomic and geopolitical challenges to see a new wave of inflows. I understand the point on ROA for Wealth Management that, as we outlined at investor update, ROA is one of the metrics we measure the business. If I look all other metrics as [ph] being penetration of mandates from advisory, if I look at our cost management exercise excluding the litigation charges, if we look at net new money, I would say that our performance in our Wealth Management businesses, it's quite solid. Our transaction revenues are under pressure because you can see volumes across the board being under pressure. So -- and we always say we're not going to force and go into campaigns of promoting better transaction revenues just for the sake of improving a quarter results if we think that this is against the risk appetite of the clients. So I would say that from a strategic stand point of view, our Wealth Management business and, I would say, our Wealth Management businesses combined are demonstrating a great potential not only in their results, with CHF 940 million adjusted results for the quarter, but also going forward. So of course, when you look at the volatility of the ROA during the quarter, this is the first time in the last 7 quarters, as Tom mentioned in his remarks, that we see very little volatility in the ROA. In the past quarters, we had 7, 8, almost even double-digit intra-quarter movements of ROA. This is the first quarter in which we have -- the variance are very close, 3 basis points, so -- which is another indication maybe that there is something that's changing in the marketplace. And we do -- our outlook statement speaks very clearly, once again, it's -- unless we have a resolution, we don't see our transactions will go up.