Good day. And welcome to the Tronox Holdings plc Fourth Quarter Full Year 2021 Earnings Call. All participants will be in a listen-only mode. [Operator Instructions] Please note, this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to Jennifer Guenther, Vice President of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Thank you. And welcome to our fourth quarter and full year 2021 conference call and webcast. On our call today are John Romano and Jean-Francois Turgeon, Co-Chief Executive Officers; and Tim Carlson, Chief Financial Officer. We will be using slides as we move through today's call. Those of you listening by Internet broadcast through our website should already have them. For those listening by telephone, if you haven't already done so, you can access them on our website at investor.tronox.com. Moving to Slide 3, a friendly reminder that comments made on this call and the information provided in our presentation and on our website include certain statements that are forward-looking and subject to various risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to, the specific factors summarized in our SEC filings. This information represents our best judgment based on today's information. However, actual results may vary based on these risks and uncertainties. The company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements. During the conference call, we will refer to certain non-U.S. GAAP financial terms that we use in the management of our business and believe are useful to investors in evaluating the company's performance. Reconciliation to their nearest U.S. GAAP terms are provided in our earnings release and the appendix of the accompanying presentation. Additionally, please note that all financial comparisons made during the call are on a year-over-year basis unless otherwise noted. Moving to Slide 4, it's now my pleasure to turn the call over to John Romano. John?

Thanks, Jennifer. And good morning, everyone and thank you for joining us today. I'll start this morning by setting the stage with a quick overview of Tronox. We are the world's largest vertically integrated TiO2 producer with nine pigment plants, six mines, five upgrading facilities across six continents. Our 2021 revenue totaled approximately $3.6 billion which was fairly evenly distributed across the Americas, Europe, Middle-East, and Africa and Asia Pacific. Our 1.1 million tons of pigment capacity supports our well-balanced base of approximately 1,200 global customers. Our vertically integrated business model supplies, approximately 85% of our internal feed stock needs. And this ensures consistent and secure supply for our customers. In addition to TiO2, we also generate significant value as the world's second largest producer of zircon, with approximately 297,000 tons of capacity. We are proud of the organization we created following the transformative acquisition nearly three years ago, and the value we have and will continue to generate for our stakeholders. Now let's turn to Slide 5 for some of the highlights. 2021 was a record year for Tronox on a number of measures. During the year we maintained our execution and delivered on our commitments to all of our stakeholders. Our record revenue of $3.6 billion was driven by robust customer demand and our ability to meet this demand with our unmatched global footprint. Our adjusted EBIDA $947 million and margin expansion to 26.5% is attributable to our vertically integrated business model, a primary driver of our lower integrated cost per ton. Improved pricing across all product lines and cost savings through programs such as newTRON, offset higher commodity and freight costs. In 2021, we invested just over $270 million in key capital projects. This included newTRON our project to digitally transform our global portfolio, which is expected…

Thank you, John. Moving to Slide 10, as John mentioned our adjusted EBITDA growth of 14% to $233 million was driven by higher average selling price across all products, partially offset by lower volume and higher cost to serve our customer, including increase in raw material, natural gas, and freight and unfavorable FX rate. Freight rates, globally, have remained elevated driving increased cost to deliver product to our customer, given the need to use non-contracted line to deliver product. In particular, escalating ocean freight rate out of Australia and demurrage expense in South Africa drove incremental costs. Inflation pressure, including both, external oil purchase and commodity price, continued to increase in the fourth quarter. On a per ton basis, 75% to 80% of the sequential cost increase was driven by higher process chemical and utility costs. While we saw more favorable movement in the ZAR and Australian dollar in the fourth quarter versus the third, unfavorable impact to revenue from the Euro, largely offset the majority of these benefits. Turning to Slide 11, I will review how our strategy will enable us to continue differentiating our business in 2022 and meet our financial target. We remain committed to executing on our strategy to become an advantage vertically integrated global TiO2 leader. Foundational to our strategy is to produce low-cost, high-quality pigment for our customer and sustaining our integrated global footprint to ensure security of supply for our customer and optimize our global footprint. Our mining an upgrading facility continue to run at high operating rate at a time when feedstocks are critical. This, combined with our integrated planning capabilities, will allow us to increase production and produce an additional 40,000 ton of TiO2 this year versus 2021. Our effort and capital expenditure will continue to be dedicated to pursuing these…

Thank you, JF. On Slide 14 we provided an overview of our financial position, liquidity and capital resources. We ended the year with net leverage of 2 times to 5 times down from 4.1 times at the end of 2020, and within our previously stated targeted range of 2 times to 3 times. We reduced our debt by a total of $745 million in 2021 ending the year with $2.6 billion, a significant reduction from the $3.3 billion balance at the end of 2020. Total available liquidity as of December 31st was $677 million, including $228 million in cash and cash equivalents, which is well distributed across our global operations. Capital expenditures totaled $272 million in 2021 approximately $120 million of this was for maintenance and safety capital, $56 million was for project newTRON, and $97 million was for operational vertical integration projects, which included Atlas Campaspe. Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense was $297 million for the year; our pre-cash flow totaled $468 million due to our strong cash earnings. We also returned $65 million to share orders in 2021 in the form of dividends year-to-date, which we increased by a total of 43% on an annualized basis. Turning the Slide 15; I'd now like to share our outlook. As John mentioned, we anticipate strong demand trends to continue for both TiO2 and Zircon in addition to continued supply chain disruptions and inflation pressures including elevated commodity pricing. Due to these ongoing cost pressures we expect first quarter adjusted EBITDA to be $230 million to $245 million driven by higher cost of goods manufactured in the fourth quarter, impacting our results in both the fourth and first quarters as those tons are sold. This trend is expected to reverse beginning in the second, as we've seen favorable manufacturing costs per…

Thank you, Tim. Moving to Slide 17, as we wrap-up today's prepare remark I want to take a moment to acknowledge the outstanding position Tronox is in. Due to the commitment of our employee throughout the last several year, this would not be possible without them. So thank you to everyone for your ongoing effort. With our portfolio of asset and market position, we are confident in our ability to capitalize on our momentum, execute against our objective and deliver our commitment to our stakeholder. 2022 is an exciting year for Tronox. We are planning to hold our second Investor Day in June and look forward to presenting the market with more details on our long-term strategy. Our key operational and financial aspect of the business, ESG related practice and more. We will provide additional logistic detail at a later date. We continue to navigate the current macroeconomic challenge, while transforming our company which will ensure our future remain bright. That conclude our prepare remark. With that, I'd like to turn the call over for question. So Jason?

Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from John McNulty from BMO Capital Markets. Please go ahead.

Yes. Good morning and thanks for taking my question. So when we look at the outlook that you have for 2022, there is a heck of a ramp-up from the 1Q level to kind of the latter part of the year. So I guess, can you give us – can you speak to your confidence around the improvement on the manufacturing costs and how that plays into the guide throughout the year? And then – and maybe give us some examples around it. And then also, how should we think about what it means for pricing in terms of what your assumptions are as we kind of roll through the year?

Yes. Thanks, John. I'll start that and then I'll let Tim add a little color to it. So when you think about the first quarter that's one of the reasons we reinstated annual guidance so that you guys could get full confidence that we're – competent that we can actually recover from where we are in the first quarter. The first quarter number is impacted really by three things. You can put it in three buckets; energy and process, chemicals, plan maintenance that impacted this fixed cost absorption in the fourth quarter, which had an impact on our cost, and then volumes that rolled from the fourth quarter into the first quarter. I'll touch on that and then I'll let Tim pick up on the other two pieces. So in the first quarter we were successful in increase our prices across the board in every region. But we had significant volume that rolled out of the December shipments into the first quarter, predominantly in January, which came in at that lower price, which had an impact on the revenue and the margin that we were able to capture. But it was only because the volume roll, had nothing to do with our ability to increase the price. Tim, why don't you touch on the other two buckets?

Yes. John, when we talked during our third quarter call we talked about an additional expectation of $30 million of additional costs from Q3 to Q4 around natural gas, energy, process chems and freight. That actually came in closer to $45 million to $50 million. So those higher costs portion of those flowed through in the month in terms of product sold. But a lot of those costs have capitalized in inventory and are going to flow through in January and in February. In addition to that is part of our normal plant maintenance. We produced 3,000 to 4,000 less tons in Q4 than we normally would. So that's just a higher overhead cost per ton, which again flows into the year. With the increased volumes that we see both from a production and from a demand standpoint, we see that overhead cost trends improving as we go through the course of the year. And as it relates to our natural gas energy process chem costs we did see those moderate them quite a bit. So we start the year this year versus Q4 and that combined with the price increases that John talked about. We're very confident with our margin expansion and with our full year guidance.

Got it. No, that's helpful – really helpful color. And then I guess, can you speak to, you kind of indicated earlier on that inventories are still lean or appear lean, I guess, can you give us some granularity as to where you see the inventory levels at your – between your own and your customer level as we kind of go into the – the kind of heavier paint season as we kind of kick off in the spring, like, I guess, are we going to be – is there a chance that we can get back to normal by then? Or is it really going to be – going to be a hand to mouth kind of situation through most of the paint season this year? How would you characterize it?

Yes. John, we're doing all that we can to try to increase our service levels by building that inventory. But the inventory is so depleted throughout the supply chain, not just our inventory but even our customer's inventory. Quite frankly, we don't have any confidence that we're going to be able to replenish that by the time the coding season starts. We're doing our best to do that. We're repositioning inventory to ensure that we can mitigate some of the transportation issues that we outlined, but the market is still very strong right now and the supply chain is still pretty depleted.

Got it. Thank very much for the color.

The next question comes from Josh Spector from UBS. Please go ahead.

Yes. Hey guys, thanks for taking my question, I guess, just to follow up on maybe the margins and the cost into this year. I mean, you highlighted a lot of the increase was process chemicals, utilities, et cetera. Are there any contract to recess that happen over the course of this year or next year, either freight laws et cetera, that we should be building into our bridge as we look further out?

Well Josh, its JF. Look we have obviously renegotiate most of our contract like we do as we started the year and the freight is one where we secure our normal route, but we still have a lot of freight costs that are spot based on customer demand. And we see those freight costs being very high at the moment. And look, it's hard to tell when this will completely change. I mean, we assume that that will remain high for whole of the year. Look there's other things like natural gas and energy that we expect that it will continue to improve in the second of the year, but I guess time will tell.

That's one where we were anticipating, I think mid-year last year that we'd start to see the transportation issues rebate, but we're still having problems and it's across the board with just availability. There's a lot of backlog.

It really shows that look, the economy and everything is moving properly at the moment. And we obviously adjust our own product to reflect that reality. So everything we could control, we do it. I mean the element outside of our control. I mean...

We'll manage it.

We manage it, yes.

Okay. No thanks. That's helpful. And just curious on TiO2 volumes, I mean, you seem to give pretty bullish outlook, GDP growth, mean your comments for first quarter is pretty strong growth. Do you see you guys as gaining share, and do you guys grow above that GDP level this year? And I guess related to that, do you have the feed stock kind of aligned to capture those opportunities as you see them through this year?

Yes. Josh, so from the standpoint of capturing share, I think what we're doing is maintaining our share, but we've aligned ourselves with customers that we believe are growing faster than the market. So by definition, you could gain share that way, but that's – we're trying to fill our existing customers needs. We noticed in – noted in the prepared comments that we were able to go out and secure significant contracted volume in 2022, which will help us maintain our share well beyond 2022. So our volume uptick in the first quarter has a lot to do with some of the volume that rolled out of the fourth quarter and our ability that we can continue to produce more tons. Last quarter, we told you we were going to produce approximately 40,000 additional tons and we have all that we need to accomplish that goal and therefore our sales should continue to grow.

Okay. Thank you.

The next question comes from David Begleiter from Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead.

Thank you. Good morning. Just on pricing for this year, how are you thinking about Zircon pricing given the strength you saw late in the year? Do you expect that pricing strain to continue to the rest of this year?

Yes. So in the prepared comments, we talked a little bit about the volume being down because we've depleted the inventory last year, but price will continue to allow us to grow the EBITDA. So the short answer is yes, we continue to see opportunities to move price. Our first quarter pricing will move up and we would expect that to continue into the balance of the year as well.

Very good. Just on TiO2 pricing, this sense of subject, but what are your thoughts on maybe yours or industry pricing for this year versus last year?

You know, what happened last year? And when we think about the first quarter I would say our pricing is in range maybe in a little higher than what we saw in the fourth quarter and from the standpoint of how we will continue to progress that price moving into the balance of the year has a lot to do with supply demand and balance, which we've just talked about. So we would expect to see pricing continue to move up in 2022.

Very good. Thank you.

The next question comes from Frank Mitsch from Fermium Research. Please go ahead.

Yes. Good morning. I was wondering if you could drill down a little more into the – your situation given that you are buying 15% of your needs on the open market. What – there is a lot of talk about the tightness in the market. I'm curious what your outlook is there. It seems like you anticipate that's going to continue a while because you're pulling forward some mining expansions as well, but could you give us your take on your situation?

Frank, thank you for the question, and look obviously this play to our strength being vertically integrated at 85%. Look the 15% that we buy on the open market is long-term contract that we have signed and the value of having our own mining and upgrading facility and allow us to see what's happening on that market ahead of the situation being tied. So we obviously secure ourself to be in a very good position for 2022 and combine with the success that Jazan is having at the moment. I mean, we have more than what we need for 2022 and beyond.

All right. Thank you. And just to follow-up on the Jazan, it sounded fairly promising that you might actually reach sustainable operating rates in the second half of this year. Where do you see yourselves today in terms of operating rates of that smelter? And you mentioned that that some of the ore is being processed by your own facility in the Yanbu. How is the quality of that – of the output at Yanbu using the Jazan material?

So Frank, I think that you have heard me say about Jazan that it's a big experiment. And what I can tell you is I feel much better today that I felt at our last earnings call, because obviously we have been produced for the last three months. We have elaborate a ramping curve that is cautious for Jazan, and we're following that plant. It's progressing well. We're right on our plant as expected. So that's all good news. And well as you know, Jazan is a fight with two furnace and its only furnace one that has been modify. And obviously we need to work on how furnace two will be modify so we can reach the full capability of Jazan. So there's still a lot of work to be done on Jazan, but let's say that the timing of starting up this asset is great from the overall market situation. On the quality of the product Jazan also use new technology of granulation and what I can tell you is we were very pleased with the quality of the slag being produced. We don't expect any issue with using that slag. In fact, we have started using that slag and so far so good. So...

No issue at all with the quality of the pigment that's being produced with it. So it's working very well.

That's very helpful. Thank you so much.

The next question comes from Hassan Ahmed from Alembic Global. Please go ahead.

Good morning, John, JF and Tim.

Good morning.

Question revisiting the market share question, look, I mean, I understand that you're not actively out there trying to sort of gain market share in call it 2022, but just as I take a look at Q4 your volumes were down 4% sequentially, some of your larger competitors had a 10% sequential volume decline. Your guidance looking for sort of single-digit Q1 sequential volume growth again seems to be better than some of your largest competitors out there. Now in this world that we are living in with extreme sort of ore tightness and from the sounds of it, this sort of tightness in ore supply will continue at least through 2022. Could this be a year where Tronox really breaks away from the pack? And again, I know that you guys aren't looking to gain market share, but just because of the industry dynamics, the way they are and you guys being pretty much the only vertically integrated guys out there. I mean, is it fair to assume that you do far better than the industry volume-wise?

Look, so from the – thanks for the question, Hassan. It's a valid point from the standpoint of our ability to source and produce TiO2 with the ore that we have through our vertical integration. And as we mentioned, we had the capability. We talked about it last quarter of adding 40,000 tons of additional capacity. A lot of that is actually going to come from Yanbu as part of the synergy projects that we had through the transaction that was planned to come online. So to the extent we have the capability to add additional tons and we have the ore to do it. It's possible that we could pick up share, but it's absolutely not being done with price. It's being done with our ability to supply our customers' needs. We made reference to some of those longer term contracts because our customers see the value in the vertical integration and have signed agreements that are based on volume, which give us a good picture on where our market share is going to go well beyond 2022.

Understood. Understood. Very helpful. And as a follow-up, just a question around where you guys feel we are in the cycle. And I was very intrigued by a statement you guys made on the call and also it's a part of the press release where you said that the 2021 earnings and the guidance that you guys have given does not represent a ceiling for your potential. So that leads me to believe that we're nowhere near the peak, maybe we're at mid-cycle, somewhere slightly above mid-cycle. And if that's the case, and I take a look at your guidance – your EPS guidance, $3.08 and $3.59, us lazy sell side as, I mean, we have a tendency of starting a 10 times PE multiple on to that, right? So if we are at mid-cycle levels. So from a valuation perspective, that would mean you guys are – should be somewhere between $31 and $36, which further leads you to believe you're very undervalued. So if you could just help me think through this.

Look, I think, Hassan, what I would say is we're very confident with our outlook for 2022. And look, if you look at our track record over the last couple of years, you would see that, I mean, when we put a range we deliver on that range. And I can tell you, John, Tim and the whole 6,500 employees are on-board to continue to deliver and deliver value to our shareholder related to that.

And when you think about where we are with regards to the economic environment, the reality is a lot of the supply chain disruptions have absolutely had an impact on elongating that process. So there'll be – there's less inventory in the system. We're still trying to replenish the inventory. But it's not just about that it's also about the cost reduction program. So when we think about – when we say we still have a lot of runway, $150 to $200 a ton annualized run rate at the end of 2023, you can do the math on 1 million – 1.1 million tons. That's where we also see a lot of opportunity is in our ability to differentiate ourselves through innovation using newTRON.

Yes. And newTRON also help us to grow with our customers. And I call it the hidden factory, it's really debottlenecking our asset. And as you do that, I mean, you obviously improved their cost per ton significantly.

Very helpful guys. Thank you so much.

Our next question comes from Jeff Zekauskas from J.P. Morgan. Please go ahead.

Thanks very much. In 2021, your SG&A expenses at least as they're stated consolidated income statement went from $347 million to $318 million. Why did they go down, if they went down? And what do you expect for 2022?

Hey, Jeff, this is Tim. Thanks for the question. We have been reducing SG&A. Majority of the reduction over the last couple of years was through the integration of the acquisition that we had with the Cristal transaction. As it relates to SG&A, for 2022, we do expect that to be relatively flattish. We do have obviously inflationary cost pressures around labor and the like, but we do believe we can offset that with additional cost reductions. So relatively flattish off that $3.18

And some of the improvement, obviously we expect to start traveling a little bit more in 2022 than what we have done in the last couple of years. So that's why even with the benefit of newTRON and some of the benefit we offset that by higher traveling costs.

Okay. And early in the call, you talked about having more long-term contracts. Are those only volume-related or is there a price component, or can you describe how the pricing of titanium dioxide for Tronox has changed over the past two or three years? Or is it the same in the way that you charge your customers?

Yes, thanks, Jeff. So, this is John Romano. From the standpoint, we've talked for a number of years about our margin stability agreements. So, let's be clear about the agreements that we signed in 2022. Those were not margin stability agreements. Those were volume-based agreements, and they were agreeing that were put together because our customers wanted a long-term commitment for us, which was also good for them. Those don't have pricing limits in them. They have pricing mechanisms, but not limits to what pricing can do. So, those are market-based pricing. Typically, our pricing, on average, you could just say global, it moves every quarter. We've got some margin stability agreements that have a little bit different mechanisms in them, but the agreements that we spoke about and on this call, which are different than the MSA or the margin stability agreements that we have in place, they are based on volume and those volume contracts are multiyear.

Okay, great. Thank you so much.

Thank you.

The next question comes from Matt DeYoe from Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Thank you. So, I think like an annual year worth of inflation is something like $40 million in cost and on the 3Q call you had mentioned that would probably double in 2022, just given chlorine [ph] and South African electricity prices. But where is that shaking out now? And yes, I'll stop there.

Yes, so Matt, from a cost standpoint, costs are up 2021 to 2022, much more than that at just given energy prices are much higher than inflation. Sulfuric acid, sulfur price is much higher than inflation. So, we are seeing year-on-year cost increases for processed chems in energy north of a $100 million. Offset by obviously the pricing that John talked about, which is going to allow us to continue to expand margins.

And so, if I think about your costs from 4Q, right, you said they were elevated in the quarter, but they are already alleviating in 1Q. Look, I can see a price curve for natural gas in Europe. And so, I know it's spiked in December and has come off. Is that what you're kind of referring to because prices, your costs are still really elevated on a historic basis. So, is it just you kind of thinking price will stay at these new levels and their lower quarter-over-quarter, or do you a more seasonal pullback in maybe utility costs as we move through the years?

Matt it's a combination of a number of factors. There are a number of costs within our stack that are actually down slightly from a process chem standpoint. But the bigger increases that we talked about in terms of natural gas is exactly moderating as you mentioned. But we still continue to see the increases around pet coke and the like, and sulfur and the like. And in addition to that with our higher production in the Q1 versus Q4, our overhead cost per ton are coming down.

Understood. Thank you.

The next question comes from Vincent Andrews from Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead.

Hi guys. This is Will Tang on for Vincent. Thanks for my question. I'm wondering if you guys could talk about what you're seeing in terms of the local TiO2 supply and demand dynamics in China. Are you still seeing kind of a significant production impact due to the environmental controls there?

Yes, so I would say, we have a facility over there. Our facility has not been impacted, but there are still some facilities that have been impacted by these dual energy control policies. When you think about the demand in China, moving out of the fourth quarter into the first quarter, you are always running into Chinese New Year. And this year, the Olympics, I would say, had a little bit more of a dampening effect on demand. Chinese New Year is over, the Olympics will be over the weekend, and we've already started to see volumes pick back up. So, if you think about how much demand grew from 2020 to 2021, it was about 800,000 tons, obviously off of a slow base or a low base in 2020. China is continuing to produce, but no more than what we would have expected and in line with the per production output that we had actually anticipated.

And one thing I would add is what we had seen in China is the production of ore has been more impacted by the environmental impact than the production of pigment itself. I think that now they are looking at the impact that some of those mine have and the legacy implication of that. And they force those mine to put better practice and that create price increase. And we see that the ore price in China is at the high level and will remain at the high level and limit really the production in China.

A great point. I mean, as recently as this month, the pandula ilmenite index went up again, along with sulfur, so there's still challenges there.

So, that creates a situation where the pigment price in China has to be sold at high value.

Got it. Thank you. And then I guess when looking at your full year guidance, I'm wondering like whether the high or low end of that kind of EBITDA range really hinges on where the costs come in? Or I guess what are other volume and price-related assumptions kind of built in there?

Yes. So, from my perspective the range and the guidance is really dependent, not so much on cost, just given our ability to pass through price to customers, but it's more in terms of how much volume that we can get out of our plants. We talk about initial 40,000 tons this year it's possible to do more. And it if things happen, it could be a bit less.

It's hard to say, I mean, you consider all the disruptions we had in 2021 that we wouldn't have anticipated. I think, what Tim is alluding to is that it depends on what happens. A lot of that, I would say, would be things that may be a little more out of our control than in our control, with regards to some of the supply issues.

We're capable of doing more than 40,000 tons next year if all things go well. But right now, we're planning on 40,000 subs.

Got it. Thank you.

The next question comes from Duffy Fischer from Barclays. Please go ahead.

Yes, good morning. Just to clarify that, because, I think, you've said it a couple different ways that 40,000-ton increase 2021 to 2022, is that what you think you can produce more this year or that's what you think you can sell more this year? And if it's the first produce more, what will that do to optimal sales if the demand is there, if you run well, when you think about did stuff come out of inventory last year, was there's some sales in December that got pushed into January, what does that 40,000 number push forward to, into a sales volume number if all goes well?

Yes. That's a great question. And I guess from the standpoint of we mentioned earlier in the call that our service levels aren't where they need to be. We do have a working capital built into the numbers in 2022. So, will we sell all of that 40,000 tons that we produce? The objective would be, our customers would love to have it, but we need to fill some of that supply chain. So, I would expect a portion of that would actually go to replenish inventory so that we can improve our service levels. JF?

No, that's absolutely right. And I think Duffy, Tim explained that sometime you have things outside of your control that could affect slightly more productions out of all those nine plants or slightly less. At the moment we feel very confident about the 40,000 ton, but...

And the range we provide.

And the range, that's right.

Fair enough. And then with the mining projects you have underway, if you look out, let's say three years from now, how much more and/or less would you have of iron or byproducts and Zircon byproducts to sell once these projects are done?

Well, remember I talked about Atlas Campaspe being a new mine and like any new mine in the first year of production you are in the high-grade zone as opposed to an end of the life mine like Ginkgo and Snapper. So, we expect that when Atlas Campaspe is in full operation, which would be 2023, we will get slightly more natural rutile and zircon then what we will get in 2022. And that would carry on to 2024. And that's why we're starting to invest in some of our mine in South Africa. So, by 2024 and 2025, we could maintain the 85% vertical integration because obviously we're growing our TiO2 production, so we need to grow our feedstock to be in line to maintain the cost advantage that this give us. But we're very lucky with our mining asset because we have great reserve and we also have very important resource that we could transfer – well convert into reserve as needed. And that's why knowing how the market is strong at the moment and how tight is the feedstock, we're preparing ourself to be in a good position for the future.

Terrific. Thank you, guys.

The next question comes from Roger Spitz from Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Thanks very much. I wonder if you can give us a sense of what 2023 CapEx looks like? Or maybe talk about, are there any material CapEx additional amounts to be spent in 2023 for Atlas Campaspe? Or what is Fairbreeze and Namakwa look like for 2023?

Hey Roger, it's Tim. Atlas Campaspe will go live this summer, our summer. And as a result, there will be no spend next year. However, we will invest in our South African mines as JF talked about all pulling those forward. So, I would expect a similar capital number of 375 to 400 next year, with that ramping down a little bit when we finalize newTRON in 2023 into 2024.

Perfect. And can you give – you talked about a significant new volume contracts. Can you tell what percent of your total volumes here are under contract? I mean how is it different from where you were in 2021 in terms of, of TiO2 pigment sold under contract?

Yes, Roger. So what I'll say is that we were able to secure long-term volume contracts and that was in every region. And I would say we more so in Asia Pacific picked up a lot more contracts than we would have historically. We've never really disclosed a lot of detail about what percentage of our volume is under contract. But what I can say at this particular stage is that the volume contracts we have in place that are long-term. multi-year agreements are now well above 50% of our volume. And it's going to allow us to make – to confirm and hold our market share well beyond 2022.

Got it. Meaning something well below 50% is sold on spot in 2020?

Nothing intuit [ph]. I would say nothing is really on spot. At this particular stage there is different types of agreements that may not be as long-term, but like it's a significant amount beyond 50%, that's now multiyear. And a lot of that volume got contracted in 2021.

Got it. Short term contracts. All right. Thanks very much.

The next question is a follow-up from John McNulty from BMO Capital Markets. Please go ahead.

Yes, just two of them. So, the value stabilization contracts that you had in place, historically, and that was kind of a program that you were pushing forward. I guess, can you give us some clarity as to how much of your volume is committed to those where the pricing will go up with collars around them or what have you versus what will be a little bit more fluid with whatever the market moves at? Is there a way to think about that? And then a second question would just be it sounds like Jazan is heavily on track. I think when you originally gave forecasts for what the earnings power from one furnace and two furnaces would be, you had ore prices that were noticeably lower than where they are now. I guess, can you give us an update as to how we should think about the economics of that on kind of a run rate basis when Furnace 1 is up and then when potentially Furnace 2 gets up as well?

Yes, John so, I'll take the first one and I'll let JF take the second one. So from the standpoint of our contracts and how they are broken down again, we haven't provided a lot of detail around margin stability agreements that's actually our it's MSA, not VSA. It's significantly less than we have on the long-term contracts that are volume-based. So when you think about the cadence and how our pricing has moved through the last four quarters, we expect to continue to see that movement, actually in the first quarter of 2021, – or 2022, we had some of those MSAs that actually reset in January, which actually was a benefit for us. But the majority of our volume contracts when you think about that as a comparison to our MSAs we have the ability to move price with the market. Jeff, you want to touch on Jazan?

Yes, I think John wants to be more on the financial of Jazan, so Tim you want to...

Yes, I'd be happy to. John, just as a reminder, as one furnace, operates at not full capacity, but normal capacity, 80%, 90%, for a full year, it's worth about $75 million of EBITDA for one furnace. Obviously, that assumes full operational for a year. And the time and ramp of the second furnace has not yet been fully finalized yet.

Great. Thanks very much for the color, appreciated,

Ladies and gentlemen, that was the last question in the queue. This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to John Romano for any closing remarks.

Thank you. And we appreciate all of you joining the call today. I hope you got from the comments that we made, that we're extremely excited about where the company is headed in 2022 and the value we have and will continue to create for our shareholders. So thank you everybody for joining the call this morning and have a great day.

The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.