Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. My name is Scott and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the Sun Life Financial Q2 2019 Financial Results Conference Call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speakers’ remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. The host of the call is Leigh Chalmers, Senior Vice President, Head of Investor Relations and Capital Management. Please go ahead, Ms. Chalmers.

Thank you, Scott and good morning everyone. Welcome to Sun Life Financial's earnings conference call for the second quarter of 2019. Our earnings release and the slides for today's call are available on the Investor Relations section of our website at sunlife.com. We will begin today's presentation with an overview of our second quarter results by Dean Connor, President and Chief Executive Officer of Sun Life Financial. Following Dean's remarks, Kevin Strain, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, will present the financial results for the quarter. After the prepared remarks, we will move to the question-and-answer portion of the call. Other members of management will also be available to answer your questions on today's call. Turning to Slide 2, I draw your attention to the cautionary language regarding the use of forward-looking statements and non-IFRS financial measures, which form part of today's remarks. As noted in the slides, forward-looking statements may be rendered inaccurate by subsequent events. And with that, I will turn things over to Dean.

Thanks Leigh and good morning everyone. Turning to Slide 4, the company reported underlying earnings of $739 million or $1.24 of earnings per share, up 3% from the prior year. We generated an underlying ROE of 13.7% for the quarter, which remains at the top end of our medium term objective of 12% to 14%. With a strong capital ratio of 144% at SLF Inc. and a financial leverage ratio of 20.4%, we can support good organic growth, deliver a strong ROE, return excess capital to our shareholders through buybacks, and maintain the flexibility to support acquisition opportunities across our four pillars. This quarter, we saw interest rates decline again while equity markets rose and so we thought it was worth spending a minute on how our four-pillar strategy and balanced and diversified mix of businesses support growth in a world of low-for-long interest rates. About 60% of our business is from insurance and 40% is from asset management and wealth. The majority of our insurance business is either from group businesses or from Asia, which are less impacted by the decline in North American and European interest rates. Lower interest rates this quarter did have a negative impact resulting in lower pricing gains, and market impacts from interest experienced also reduced reported net income. On the other hand, higher equity returns this quarter had a positive impact on our fee income at MFS, at Sun Life Global Investments, now called SLC -- excuse me, Sun Life Global Investments, and Group Retirement Services in Canada. Interest rates and equity markets often move -- not always, but often move in opposite directions, which can provide some additional diversification benefit. This balanced approach by business mix and geography underpins the ability to achieve our medium term objectives even in a sustained low…

Thanks, Dean, and good morning, everyone. Turning to slide 6, we take a look at the financial results from the second quarter of 2019. We delivered growth in underlying net income, strong top line growth in most of our wealth businesses, and maintained our strong capital position. Reported net income of $595 million was down from $706 million in the prior year, primarily reflecting unfavorable market related impacts driven by declining interest rates and a flattening of the yield curve. Underlying earnings were $739 million, up from $729 million in the prior year, translating to earnings per share growth of 3%. Excluding the interest on par seed capital from the first quarter of 2018, year-to-date underlying earnings were up 5% or 7% on an EPS basis. Compared to the prior year, underlying earnings included a 7% increase in expected profit as well as favorable experience items, including expense experience, credit and lapse and other policyholder behaviour, while investing activity was relatively flat. This was primarily offset by unfavorable morbidity experience in Canada Group Benefits and the U.S. stop-loss business and new a business strain in International High Net Worth business in Asia. Our underlying return on equity, or ROE, of 13.7% was at the top end of the target range for our medium-term objectives of 12% to 14%. We maintained a strong capital position with a LICAT ratio of 144% for Sun Life Financial Inc., or SLF, and 133% for Sun Life Insurance Company of Canada. The higher ratio at the SLF level reflects the excess cash and other liquid assets of $2.2 billion held by SLF. Our cash position is slightly down from the prior quarter, as a result of the redemption of $250 million in subordinated debentures in the second quarter. The redemptions also had an impact on…

Thank you, Kevin. [Operator Instructions] With that, I will now ask Scott to please poll the participants for questions.

[Operator Instructions] Your first question comes from the line of Meny Grauman with Cormark Securities. Your line is open.

Hi, good morning. I'm wondering how your current economic outlook is impacting your M&A strategy. In other words, are you waiting for a market downturn to transact? Is that part of the explanation for the low leverage ratio and cash balances? Is it a defensive position?

Meny, it's Dean Connor. I'd say no to that question. We -- our acquisition efforts, which we've talked about before, span all four pillars, and it's difficult to time acquisitions. What we're more focused on are, strategic alignment, opportunities that bring us new capabilities, opportunities that can help us grow faster. Opportunities where not only do they bring something to the Sun Life, Sun Life brings something to the business beyond just a checkbook., And of course, which clears our economic hurdles over the lifetime of the deal, which is a long-term perspective. So we don't try to time these around economic cycles, and I would just say we continue to be very active in looking for opportunities that tick all those boxes I just mentioned.

Thanks for that. And maybe just as a follow-up. Just more broadly, you have a lot of businesses in a lot of different areas. How do you see the economic outlook right now? Are we closer to the end than to the beginning in terms of credit? Curious on your thoughts?

Look, clearly economic growth is slowing, has been slowing. Witness the central banks easing, including yesterday's Fed announcements. And slowing for a number of reasons, including trade a war between China and the U.S. and the uncertainty around Brexit and so on. What's interesting about that is that, notwithstanding that, we see continued strong growth in ASEAN markets. So as -- even as China slows down, it has had some impact on ASEAN growth. But one way to think about that is, last year, ASEAN GDP grew at 5.2%, 5.3%. And this year, the expectation is just a shade under 5%. By any measure, that kind of GDP growth is attractive. So yes, we see some slowdown in global economic growth back to the balanced and diversified business model. That's an advantage. One thing that we're interested to watch is how India might benefit from that. India -- there's an argument that India could actually be a beneficiary of trade wars and perhaps finding an opportunity to bring more manufacturing to India. And of course, that would ultimately, in the long-term, affect our business. As for the credit cycle, it's very difficult to call. And I know a number of market participants have felt like we're in the later innings, but that conversation has been going on for several years. So I would say that we're appropriately cautious. We've been bringing our credit quality up over time. We're -- we've got lots of dry powder on the balance sheet to take advantage of dislocations. Back to Investor Day, we talked about a strong defense and a strong offense, and one element of strong offense in addition to M&A is also investment's dry powder. So not a very specific answer to your question, Meny, But that's how some of the things that we're thinking about.

Thank you.

The next question comes from the line of Steve Theriault with Eight Capital. Your line is open.

Thanks so much. A couple questions for me. First on Asia and Asia International. Claude was nice to see a rebuild -- the beginning of a rebuild of the sales momentum. Can you talk a bit about where we're at in terms of the rollout of the index UL of the new par products? And anything else that's in the harbor for replacing that traditional UL product? And also last quarter you talked about these products being less capital intensive. So now that you're starting to roll them out, I'm wondering if there's any outlook review on -- if these are less capital intensive, could we see a shift in the strain line of Asia over time as that momentum builds?

Yes. Steve, thank you very much for that. We did see a really nice rebound in Q2 on International. Sales were CAD 14 million. That's about three times to four times what we saw on the low point in Q1. A couple of factors that are helping that rebound. We did launch a new par product called Sentinel. It was only launched in the middle of the quarter, mid-May. So we've got about 1.5 months of sales out of that. And already, it's contributed to about 30% of the sales in Q2. The other two factors we're seeing that are helping is there is a return to sales through our traditional core UL classic -- core UL sales product has rebounded and come back. And the fact that it's helping there is the dropping of short rates across the globe. When short rates dropped, a lot of these products are high net worth products that bring in finance. It makes the premium financing more favorable. And so with that that's helped the UL sales and premium financing. Those two factors will continue to build and continue into Q3 and Q4. And so interest rates looked -- they've come down further, so that could help. And in Q3, Q4, our par product will be out there for a three months each of the sales. So that could help build sales. And then we do have a large number of campaigns to work with our brokers on promoting understanding and illustrating these products. That's also helping to build momentum. So we feel quite good about that. You commented on strain. The International product is very strongly priced when it sells, it actually does not have a strain. And when it sells in a normal course, it actually generates new business gains. We're not quite back to that level yet, but when we see slightly more growth in sales International, the product actually will generate new business gains.

Okay. That's helpful. Second one for me. Dean, in your opening remarks, you brought up the recent decline in rates and the defensiveness of your earnings mix. I guess a follow-up to that, I'm wondering if -- despite your mix, do you think that the recent decline in rates, could make it tough to get to the low end of your medium-term EPS growth rate target for this year?

I think first of all, Steve, the -- those medium-term objectives are medium-term. So we don't attach them to any one specific year. We think about them over three, four, five-year periods. I think, as I said, notwithstanding, lower interest rates, we have a balanced and diversified mix of businesses. And you can see that coming through in, as Kevin mentioned good expected profit growth. As we're working hard on improving the disability experience in Canada, we had stop-loss morbidity experience in the second quarter that offset the first quarter, and hopefully, as we look ahead, the stop-loss experience will carry back to the mean. And the improvement in U.S. disability experience, hopefully that will continue. The team's done a really good job on that. If you think about continued growth in asset management from market growth and some improvement in retail flows of MFS, good SLC flows, addition of earnings from GreenOak that are coming on strain this quarter, Claude talked about International insurance sales, and the goal of getting those sales back on track and starting to push a pricing strain into a pricing gain at some point. And Kevin talked about expense management, the continued share buybacks and hopefully further deployment of excess capital. Put all those things together, and I think we've really -- we think we got a good growth story that supports our medium-term objectives of growing EPS by 8% to 10% as well as the ROE and the dividend payout ratio.

So I guess forgetting the targets, I guess what I -- another way to think about it, we think about the second derivative impact from lower rates, and I think that's what you were addressing in your opening remarks. So it doesn't sound like that you think that's going to be a major theme for the back half of the year that the lower rates of the last few months. It shouldn't weigh too much in it. Is that fair?

I think that's a fair comment. Just to be clear, lower rates are net-net a negative. But we think we've got relative to other insurance companies and asset management businesses around the world, we think we've got a business mix that puts us in a preferred position.

Hey Steve, it's Kevin Strain. Maybe just to add to that. We've seen some lower rates and the flattening of the yield curve over seven of the last nine quarters, and you can see the impact that had in the reported results. But that gets entirely reflected each quarter. So these additional movements down then that'll come through as you've seen. But what's happened up to the end of this quarter is reflected in the results at that point in time. And I think that's what I said helped to address it. And maybe offsetting that, we've seen positive equity market experience in seven of the last nine quarters. They don't exactly line up, but you get the sense of how our asset management businesses can interact with our protection businesses.

Thanks, Kevin.

Your next question comes from the line of Gabriel Dechaine with National Bank Financial. Your line is open.

Good morning. Something I've observed with MFS here, and you guys have been doing a really good job tightening up on expenses there. But I'm just wondering about the -- what's going on with the commission line, which seems to be flat to down up in the back year supplement there. You're seeing a good ramp up in gross sales, but the commissions are actually heading in the opposite direction or not rising in sync. Is that because you're backing the commissions, and we're going to maybe see that commission line perk up in the next little while as some of the -- we move further away from a period of low sales? Or is it something else?

Hey, good morning Gabriel. It's Michael Roberge. With the change in GAAP, we used to show revenues that would come in from dealer commissions, and we'd show -- we'd net that relative. So you wouldn't see that line. We now have to gross that it up. So we show the revenue coming in. We show the expenses going on the other hand. One of the things that's happening in the industry as you go from brokerage to advisory, we are not selling as many A shares that have a dealer trail associated with them, and so you're seeing revenue associated with that come down. And so it's just a function of the mix of our business. And that portion of our business that has trails and that portion is no longer has trail. So that's just awash relative, so that doesn't give you any sense of the underlying strength of the business.

I'm sorry. Can you walk me through that phenomenon again?

Yeah. So historically with GAAP, the trail commissions, it would come in. So we would sell us say an A share that has a 25 basis point trail. That revenue comes in, that revenue goes out as we pay it out to the brokerage firm. And that would be netted, because it's just awash through the financial statements. GAAP now requires us to gross that up. So we've got to show the revenue, and we've got to show the corresponding expense associated with that. So what you'll see on the revenue line is you're going to see revenues declining as we're doing fewer of those share classes given the move to advisory, and you'll see that same thing in the expense line where that number is lower on the expense line. It's just awash of the revenues that come through the P&L.

Okay. Perfect. That explains it. Then my next question is on the negative morbidity experienced in stop-loss. It seems to be like a one quarter issue. I haven't come across that yet. I'm just wondering how you see it, especially in light of the big ramp-up in sales we've seen from stop-loss. Like the 40% in 2017, 15% last year and 65% this year. I mean one -- that's great, but sometimes when you sell group insurance products too fast or aggressively, you run into some margin issues in the update like going to one of these repricing cycles that can take some time.

Yeah. Thanks, Gabriel. This is Dan Fishbein. First on the experience in the quarter, as you recall, the first quarter, we really had outsized favorable results in the stop-loss business, very favorable morbidity. And not surprisingly, we saw some reversion to the mean in the second quarter. On a year-to-date basis, we still have significantly favorable morbidity in the stop-loss business. So we look at what happened in the second quarter there as not at all surprising. Also stop-loss does tend to have some volatility associated with it. You're dealing with a relatively small number of large events. So by nature quarter-to-quarter, there is just -- will likely be some volatility there. One other thing I would point out is, last year, the second quarter was the outsized quarter for stop-loss. That was the best quarter of the year. This year, obviously, the first quarter was exceptional. So we also have an issue of comparable quarters there, which quarter happens to be the best. As far as your question about pricing, we obviously watch that very closely. You can see though our VNB is improving. We also track closely other metrics like our sold to formula, our close ratios. And all of those points towards our pricing being strong and sufficient, and we do watch those things very, very carefully. But we believe that the growth that we're achieving and the increase in sales are due more to fundamental delivery around the business than they are to any sort of price discounting. So the other metrics support are being in the right place going forward.

So this is a one-off? How I'm interpreting…

Yeah. As I said, you would still expect to see some volatility, especially after the exceptional first quarter we had. It's not at all surprising, you'd see a reversion to the mean in the second quarter on claims.

Thank you.

Your next question comes from the line of Doug Young with Desjardins Capital. Your line is open.

Good morning. Dan, maybe just sticking with the stop-loss and what I'm trying to get a sense of because you don't provide your underlying earnings for this division on which the margins are based. But I'm just curious, I do rough calculations, and I still get the margin for the quarter. I know the LTM is down a bit, but the margin in about mid-6%. And so I'm just trying to get a sense of whether I'm way off. I still get a sense that the year-to-date underlying profit is up nicely. And I want a little more detail because I know you talked in the past about stop-loss morbidity, margins being much higher, probably reverting down a little bit and then the group employee benefit margin being below your target but reverting back up towards what you targeted. Just trying to get a sense of that. Thank you.

Yes. Thanks, Doug. Just in terms of the margin, obviously, the reason we decided to do a trailing 12 months is that the quarter-by-quarter does have some volatility in it. So as you noted, we were at 7.9% after the first quarter on a trailing 12 month basis and 7.3% this quarter. So you can infer that the margin in the standalone quarter was lower. But if we think about our year-to-date margin as well as that trailing 12 months, we're still above the 7% target that we set at Investor Day. And I would tend to look a little bit more at the 2 quarters together than 1 quarter by itself. As far as the interplay between the Group Benefits or the Employee Benefits, meaning Group Life Disability, Dental and where we are with stop-loss in the quarter, we did, as it's been noted, see the claims revert to the mean in stop-loss in the quarter, but we also had good results in our Life and Disability business in the quarter. And in particular, in our long-term Disability business, which has been an area of great focus. So we are pleased to see the improvement there. So that's a business within the whole of this that got better in the second quarter. And that did counteract some of the reversions to the mean in the stop-loss business in the quarter.

Okay. Perfect. Is it fair to assume the stop-loss probably still has a little room to just to revert down a bit, and the group Employee Benefits still has room to kind of move higher? Is that still the way that you see this unfolding over the next few years?

So I think, first of all, on stop-loss, what's -- more than anything what -- we can't really count on experience that's favorable to our pricing targets long term. But what we are seeing is the size of the business is growing. That biz is up 22% over the same quarter last year. We've been seeing growth in that business for the last 3 years in that general neighborhood. So that should continue to give us confidence that the contribution of stop-loss from an earnings perspective is going to continue to go up. But it -- we really should think of it more on that basis than sort of some unusual claim experience on a long-term basis. As far as the Group Life and Disability business, there is still room for improvement there. We've been working on that as you know, and it continues -- we were very pleased in the second quarter that we had some improvement there. And there is still room for us to improve that business further.

Okay. And just second, I don't know if Claude or for Kevin, just the Asia proper business again kind of similar, it's within the Asia result. So we don't have the underlying earnings. I know, Kevin, last quarter, you gave what the underlying earnings for the Asia proper business were being up 16%. I don't know if you've got a similar number you could kind of quote today? And then just maybe, Claude, just a bit of an update on India, it seems like the insurance market is starting to turnaround in terms of the economics of the business, pressure on the asset management side. Just wondering if you can give a little bit of an update there? Thanks.

Thank you, Doug. I think you're asking us to separate underlying and reported earnings on International versus the 7 onshore businesses. We do disclose that for -- on a reported basis, but we don't want to underline. But you can triangulate there. And so the way to do it, you can see that International reported earnings year-over-year went from $47 million down to $17 million, a reduction of minus $30 million. Most -- a good part of that was due to market and other factors. So underlying actually didn't decline by that much on the front underlying stronger than that. And so you can -- if you look at the source of earnings year-over-year, we talked with Gabriel that a lot of the impact of International is showing up on the new business gain line as a shift in strain. And so you'll see the shift in new business gain is down by $17 million year-over-year. So that's -- a large part of that is the change in underlying income from International. So you can triangulate that in that fashion. And then on India, we are seeing a reduction in mutual fund sales in India. It's reflective of the market. The industry is down roughly 50%. We're roughly in line with that. If you look at the market indexes, the small-cap stocks are down 14% year-over-year. Mid-cap is down 3%. So the flows we're seeing are reflective of market sentiment in those conditions. If you actually looked at what happened in the economic environment, there are some very strong positive indications. So there's a real action incumbent government reelected due to stronger maturity -- majority. They're taking strong action on recapitalizing the MBFC banks, 2 of which have been bailed out. And you can see that there is already a lift in the large-cap Nifty Index. So as those adjustments in the economy play out, we think that will be a positive for the mutual funds business. And our life business is doing very strong. We've got a new partnership distribution agreement banker with HDFC generating very strong sales, 30% growth year-over-year. And that is partly reflective of in these economic conditions when customers are risk averse. They actually do turn to our life products, which -- and so the combination of the 2 is a great combo to having these conditions. So we're quite happy with that.

Doug, it's Kevin. And maybe just to answer the first question a little bit. The Asia 7 local markets are ahead of Claude's thesis of 15% growth, and they're closer to 20% but not quite 20%. So just to give you a sense of the range that they're in.

Okay. Good. Thank you very much.

The next question comes from the line of Sumit Malhotra with Scotiabank. Your line is open.

Thanks. Good morning. First question is for Kevin Strain. Kevin, there is a couple of references in both the call this morning and then in the remarks to the negative morbidity experience that the company experienced in Canada and in the U.S. this quarter. But when I look at your slide 13 in which you give us some detail on the experience-related items, it doesn't look like it's a particularly sizable amount. So was there an offset in Asia relative to what happened in Canada and the U.S.? Or is the commentary more just reflective on where things trended this quarter relative to a year ago?

Sumit, the way that we write the MD&A and the ENR is that -- that's the delta year-over-year. So the actual morbidity experience, as you point out, was relatively small negative for the quarter. And it's more how it reacted versus the prior year, Q2 2018.

That's the way I was looking at it because obviously this isn't a big number and maybe this time of year as we're getting ready for the actuarial assumptions review, you take any experience commentary with a little bit more importance. And maybe to that point for Kevin Morrissey, I know the standard write-up is too soon to tell in terms of some of the factors being reviewed -- or is there any impact of the factors being reviewed? I will say, I think last year some of us were caught off guard by the size of the lapse adjustment that was undertaken. Whether its morbidity or anything else, can you give us a little bit of flavor on what you'll be -- what other parameters under review for this year's process? And maybe any early indications you might have?

Sure. This is Kevin. Thanks for the question, Sumit. So you're right. As you know, majority of our assumptions are happening in Q3. I can't tell you a lot about that. I can say that we are doing a complete review. Sure you can appreciate at this point we're deep into the process, but we do still have quite a long way to go before we complete our review, and we are seeing both positive and negative items at this point. So it really is too early to have clear outlook on the overall net income impact and we're providing not any guidance there. I will note that in our disclosures, we do include URR change. So the long-term URR is moving down 15 basis points from 3.2% to 3.05%. And as we've disclosed that, total cost is about $100 million. We do expect our final numbers to come in close to that estimate. You did mention lapse in particular, and that was one of the items that was the biggest strengthening that we did last year. And you may recall that was related to the -- predominantly to the U.S. In-force business. And we've been very pleased with the experience since that point. Subsequent to the strengthening in Q3 last year over the last three quarters, we've seen very small gains and losses. In fact, this quarter it was a bang on zero, and the cumulative gain and loss has been about zero as well. So we're very comfortable with the outcome of that review.

Yes. And again to go back to the first part, the morbidity commentary this quarter, it's more -- it seems like, again, it's more year-over-year than you guys telling us that things aren't trending well and this might be one of the issues that gets strengthened next quarter in this review.

So morbidity will certainly be part of our review. As Dan noted, when we look at the morbidity in the U.S., we did see -- we have seen quite a bit of volatility. And I will emphasize into two points. First that the morbidity in the quarter is very positive in total for the U.S. And when we look year-to-date, it's positive for both the group business and the stop-loss business in the U.S., so not a significant concern there. We do highlight in our commentary about the morbidity in Canada, and that was also a bit in the quarter. We've seen some worsening in LTV incidents experience. From a national perspective, the group business is fairly short-term. So I think probably the more pertinent question is related to pricing and the pricing actions and I'll invite Jacques to comment on that point.

Thank you, Kevin and Sumit. Indeed, it's unfavorable this quarter on morbidity. And as you have picked up, Q2 last year was a favorable one. So you have a compounding impact here. What I'll say is that it bounces around a bit quarter-to-quarter. So as you can imagine, it's something that we watch very closely. The data we're looking at right now is showing that what is happening is an increase in the volume of visibility cases in the group business as Kevin has said. And we're seeing that, by the way, both in our own data as well as the data that is provided by reinsurers on the industry-wide basis. So as Kevin was alluding to the feature or one feature of the group business, as you know, is you get to reprice it over relatively short periods of time. And what I can tell you is that we've already taken action in some parts of the portfolio, where we thought that this would be appropriate. So that's the story on morbidity in Canada.

And Sumit, it's Kevin Strain, again. I might – just to reiterate the point we've been making and the same page you were looking at. 2018 had positive morbidity of $43 million, and you heard Dan talk about the really good results in stop-loss last quarter, and you heard Jacques now talk about the Group Benefits, and then it was a minus $3 million. So that's a delta of $46 million between the two quarters and as we explained in the earnings, that's the approach we take to explain the earnings.

Appreciate the thoroughness there guys. I'm going to try one more, Kevin Strain I'll just try to keep it to you. Interesting to have Dean talk about interest rates at the beginning of the call because compared to some of your peers, we don't always view you as the most macro sensitive company or at least I don't. One of the things I have noticed is that the – there's been a larger interest rate impact on a reported basis. I know, we all play ball with the underlying for the most part, but there has been a larger delta between your reported and underlying numbers over the last little while, including this quarter. I see your interest rate exposure up modestly on the way you disclosed it. Is there anything in your view, Kevin, that's changed about the aggregate sensitivity of Sun Life to whether it's treasuries or credit spread swaps that has made that differential wider of late? Because it is something I observed.

I don't think anything has changed in the mix of our business or in our approach for the asset liability management. It's really to do with the flattening of the yield curve, right? And you've seen the declining at the low end, but even declining more at the sort of the longer end, and where we're have the most sensitivity is at the longer end, and it relates back to our longer-term businesses with guarantees like individual insurance in Canada. But really, what you're seeing is just the shift in the interest rates and particularly at the long end and the flattening of the curve.

It's Sumit, it's Kevin Morrissey. Maybe just to add to that, we do – we have been kind of tracking what the analyst expectations have been and versus our internal estimates, and we estimated probably going back about the last 9 or 10 quarters, probably three-quarters of the variance has been related to that yield curve flattening. And we really are focused in terms of our majority of our exposure in Canada. So if you look at that yield curve flattening in Canada, it's been almost every quarter for last 10 quarters. So I think you're seeing – that's really the phenomenon that you're seeing repeating.

We'll build that in, Kevin. Thanks for your time.

I'm going to add that we've been preparing for lower interest rates and – both for a long time, and we've certainly seen a long run of lower interest rates. And so we – the de-risking we did back in 2011 to 2012 and the work we've done in terms of positioning ourselves for that. But these – the interest rates are at – it's been a long time shift downwards in terms of the interest rates. And it's – who knows where they're going to end up? And we've tried not to sort of try to predict that and position ourselves for that, but the lower interest rates definitely have an impact on new business strain and on the sort of reinvestment of assets.

Thanks, again.

Your next question comes from the line of David Motemaden with Evercore. Your line is open.

Hi. Thank you. I just have a question on MFS. Obviously, very good flows there on the retail side offset by institutional. I'm just wondering, if I can get a bit more color on what was driving the outflows in institutional and what the outlook is there going forward?

Yeah, David, it's Mike. Maybe I'll start on the retail side. We've certainly seen significant improvement year-on-year both in U.S. retail and non-U.S. retail. On the retail side, the industry continues to see outflows and equity products and mutual funds, growth sales year-to-date. U.S. retail for us were 75% equities, 25% fixed, and yet we're in positive flow. So clearly, we're gaining share in equities in the U.S., and I think the underlying trends continue to be favorable there. On the non-U.S. side, Dean mentioned what we're doing in Italy, which is clearly having an impact on sales. So we're seeing improvement year-on-year non-U.S. retail as well. On the institutional side, we had a one large outflow at the end of the quarter. It was a sub-advised relationship where the sponsor was acquired. They internalized the management. We had run the asset for a very long period of time with really good performance. So it was something that caught us off guard in the quarter. But the underlying trends we're seeing institutionally are better year-over-year as well. We are seeing some traction in fixed income and some wins on the fixed income side. So I would say overall, the trends that we're seeing year-on-year are better, and we're hopeful that we'll continue to see that on a go-forward basis.

Thanks. And just in terms of the size of that sub-advisory relationship that you guys lost, any numbers you can put around that?

Yeah. We don't talk about either individual clients or particular size of those clients. But hopefully, you'll see something in Q3 that looks better than what we saw in the quarter.

Got it. Okay. Great. And then just a follow-up question for Dan on margins and Group Benefits, just wanted to get a sense for where you are on re-pricing the Employee Benefits business, what the margin of that business is today? And where you think that's going to go going forward. What's the target that you have there? Thank you.

Yeah. David. This is Dan. We don't disclose the margins in that granular way. What I can say, is we've had some re-pricing going on in the Group Life and Disability business over the past few years. That's largely complete at this point. So, we'll see the impact of that is starting to phase into the business. And we'll see that more over the next year or so. What I would say is, when we set the overall margin target of 7% or more, we did have a view to what the margin could be for the Life and Disability business. We're not there yet. And we think with all the actions that we've been taking on claims management, expense management and pricing. That we're well on our way to getting there. But we still have a little bit of opportunity there, to get those margins up further.

Okay, great. And then if I could sneak one more in, just for Dean. Just in terms of M&A and specifically in Asia. Just curious if you guys would be partial to doing a bancassurance deal? Or are you more interested in buying an entire business, in that region?

Well, David, I think if you look historically, at what we've done, we've -- you can bucket our M&A activity in Asia, into 3 buckets. First is, we bought businesses outright, like the business in Malaysia. Second, we've invested in banca, distribution relationships in different markets. And thirdly, we've acquired larger shares of JVs that we already know and love. So, we're still thinking about all 3 of those categories.

Okay, thank you.

Your next question comes from the line of Paul Holden with CIBC. Your line is open.

Thanks. Good morning. So continuing with the theme of low rates and the success you've had in group business both in U.S. and Canada, wondering if there is any opportunities to build a group business outside of North America whether that's in Asia, which you obviously have some experience -- a very long experience operating in different lines of business in. So I guess, particularly is there a Group Benefits business case in Asia?

Hi Paul, its Claude here, we actually do have group as a component in many of our business. It's a big factor in India, in the Philippines, and we have quite a big group business in Hong Kong. The group markets are not as large and as developed as what you see in North America. And so, it's still a small part of overall what we do. And as those markets develop, you will see those group businesses grow to be something bigger. And there are opportunities, where we could look at the other group businesses that are available in the marketplace. So that would be another way that we could grow those.

Okay. Good. And then, second question is with respect to expense experience. So, has been positive in each of the last 2 quarters but was negative in each of the prior 8 quarters. So, I appreciate your comments on dialing it up on, looking at expense efficiencies. But clearly, something has changed. I think more recently. So, what is it that in your view has changed? Is it just expenses towards IT, maybe have plateaued? Or it really is truly you're just working harder to get the expense efficiencies, out of various business lines?

Paul, it's Kevin Strain, I'll start. And then, I'll let Kevin Morrissey sort of add to it. It's -- expense management has been a big theme in the company. And we've had initiatives to -- you've heard Jacques talked about the owner's mindset. And you heard Dan talk about expenses. Claude is in a little bit of growth mode. So, expenses are important there. But he's really looking at growing his expenses slower than he's growing his top line. And if you look at the corporate office, we've been really managing the expenses very closely as well. So that's why you're seeing -- the momentum in the expense growth has definitely slowed in the organization. And that's part of what's coming through these numbers.

And Paul, it's Kevin Morrissey. Maybe I'll just add to that. In addition to the expense discipline, we are seeing that growth in the business, right? And especially in Canada, in the group businesses, both GRS and Group Benefits are adding capacity. And so, when we put those 2 together, we are seeing strong performance the last couple of quarters.

Okay. I'll leave it there. Thank you.

Your next question comes from the line of Tom MacKinnon with BMO Capital Markets. Your line is open.

Yeah. Thanks very much. Good morning. Just wondering if the question for Dean here is the -- I think you've talked about $800 million in excess capital you generate annually. I assume that still holds the case, despite all this chatter about a low interest rates environment. Can you just reiterate that?

Yeah. Tom, that number is still the amount of excess capital that we're generating. And as we have said before, that's roughly how we've sized our NCIB.

And should we -- over the last 12 months, it seems you've put that money to work in terms of an NCIB. And you renewed it again, 2.5% and quick math would assume that would -- $800 million would buyback about that amount again. Is this sort of an ongoing tool now to augment growth? Is that the way we should be looking at the NCIB?

Well, I think it's -- we've said this before that it's important to have the flexibility to allocate capital to buybacks. It's one of the ways, not the only way, but one of the ways that we deploy capital. We've got lots of capital, and we're generating lots of capital, which is a fantastic position to be in. And so it's important to have buybacks as part of the tool kit. But it's just one way. So we've talked about funding organic growth, we've talked about M&A, we've we talked about potential reinsurance recapture in the different points in the cycle. So it's just one way, but it's an important way, and we've shown over the last year our desire -- or our tendency to use it, ability to use it to good effect.

Okay. And then finally just with respect to Canada here, expected profit up nicely 9% year-over-year. We hear all this talk about the digital platform in Canada, but I'm wondering how that'll translates into earnings growth. Do you think that it is contributing to this kind of better than expected growth and expected profit we get in Canada? Like how should we be thinking about this good digital platform you have in Canada impacting the bottom line?

Thanks Tom, I'm glad you see we have a good digital platform, it's great. And expected profit is up 9% as you point out. And maybe that's largely the growth in the business. We're growing our business in-force, we're growing our assets under management. And as Kevin has pointed out, also what's contributing to that is the good discipline on expenses, right? So the digital platforms and Lumino and Ella Digital Benefits Assistants are still relatively small. Lumino is something we launched last year. Really, the value proposition here is what I would say bending the health care cost curve for both employers and employees by numbers. And we are -- when we do that -- and by the way, we started demonstrating that, some of it stayed with us where we have fully insured clients. For other clients where it's on an ASO, basis we pass it on to them. But one of the things that's great about that, of course is that makes us a more attractive proposition in the market, and we're winning more business. And we've said at Investor Day, remember that what we hear from clients when we get feedback is that our technology is really ahead, and that is contributing to us increasing our market share. So all-in-all, I think it's a good value proposition. It's going to take a while of course before it contributes in a material way to our earnings of course.

Okay. And then, well, I have your last one is just on the individual insurance sales in Canada. It seemed to be down year-over-year. I mean second quarter last year was a pretty good year and down quite a bit in third-party. Anything particular there? How should we be looking at that going forward?

Yes. So thanks, Tom. So you're on -- the decline this quarter over Q2 2018 was driven entirely by the third parties. So just as a quick reminder, as you know, we have two distribution channels, right? We have our own advisers and the third parties. They're actually operating in different parts of the market, right? So, our own advisers are more in mass and mass affluent if they can see that, and the third parties in high net worth and also high net worth. So in the third party, because of the market that we target, you're talking about large face amount policies, and that can be lumpy. And as you've pointed out, we have very strong growth in Q1. So it was lumpy positive. And this time, it's lumpy negative, I would say. We maintain obviously very good relationships with advisers in that channel. We continue to get good feedback on our products, they're attractive, they're competitive. We have a strong pipeline there, so nothing to be concerned about. You asked me before about the Career Sales Force. You probably saw this quarter, the sales are flat. And our focus the last few years has been on raising the quality and enabling our advisers with better tools and better technologies, so that they can deliver ultimately a better client experience for their clients, but also to be more productive. And with the continued decline a little bit on the adviser count, you can see that we're starting to see other signs there of productivity going up, which is great. The last thing I'll say, Tom, which people sometimes are a little bit surprised as they don't expect that is the makeup of our Career Sales Force. It's quite diverse. We have -- 37% of our advisers are women. Also sometimes people are surprised to hear that the average age of our adviser is 46, and 40% of them are millennials. So we think that actually aligns pretty well with what is the Canadian market and the fact that we are a leader. If you go back eight quarters or so, we're either number one or number two in insurance sales; it varies from quarter-to-quarter. So all in all, we feel pretty good of where we are.

Okay. Thanks very much.

Thanks Tom.

Your next question comes from the line of Scott Chan…

Scott, you might be on mute.

Apologies, just having a technical difficulty.

Operator, you want to move to the next question and then maybe pickup so.

One moment please.

Operator, given that we're passed our hour on the call, I would suggest that we can take additional calls afterwards. I'll be around and we're open to take those calls.

Okay. We can take questions now if you prefer to take them afterwards, it's up to you.

I think we're okay. I think we're well past the hour. So I think that's fine, and we can take those up after the call.

Okay. Sorry about the technical difficulty. I will turn the call over to Leigh Chalmers for closing remarks.

Great. Thank you. I'd like to thank all of our participants today. And as Kevin mentioned, if there are any additional questions, we will be available after the call. Should you choose to listen to the rebroadcast, it will be available on our website later this afternoon. Thank you, and have a good day.