Greetings. Welcome to BiomX Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2021 Financial Results and Corporate Update Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] Please note, this conference is being recorded. I will now turn the conference over to Marina Wolfson, Senior Vice President of Finance. Ms. Wolfson, you may now begin.

Thank you, and welcome to the BiomX Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2021 Financial Results and Corporate Update Conference Call. The news release became available just after 6:30 a.m. Eastern Time today and can be found on our website at biomx.com. A replay of this call will be available on the Investors section of our website. Before we begin, I'd like to review the safe harbor provision. All statements on this call that are not factual historic statements may be deemed forward-looking statements. For instance, we're using forward-looking statements when we discuss on the conference call, potential market opportunities, the design, aim, expected timing and interim and final results of our preclinical and clinical trials, the sufficiency of our existing cash, cash equivalents and short-term deposits, the potential receipt of additional cash if milestones are met, the potential benefits of our product candidates and potential growth in shareholder value. Except as required by law, we do not undertake to update forward-looking statements. The full safe harbor provisions, including risks that could cause actual results to differ from these forward-looking statements are outlined in today's press release, which as noted earlier, is on our website. Joining me on the call this morning is Jonathan Solomon, Chief Executive Officer of BiomX. With that, I will turn the call over to Jonathan.

Thank you, Marina, and good morning, everyone. Let me begin by saying that I believe BiomX is now entering the most exciting period in our company's 7-year history, with proof-of-concept data expected within the next 12 months in both our cystic fibrosis and atopic dermatitis programs, we are poised to generate readouts that could have significant impact on the value of our company. . At the same time, with the recent equity investments from Maruho and Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, we are also well positioned financially with existing cash expected to take us at least until the end of 2023. Additional tranches of up to $15 million under our existing loan agreement may further extend our cash runway into mid-2024. Let me now provide a brief update on each program, starting with BX004 in cystic fibrosis. BX004 is our novel phage candidate that is being developed for the treatment of chronic respiratory infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa or P. aeruginosa, a main contributor to morbidity and mortality in patients with CF. Chronic P. aeruginosa infection leads to epithelial surface damage and airway plugging, progressively impairing pulmonary function. CF patients chronically infected by P. aeruginosa show a steeper lung function decline, a higher number of pulmonary exacerbations, more hospital admissions and a higher mortality than P. aeruginosa-free patients. P. aeruginosa inspections usually start in childhood and following prolonged and repeated broad-spectrum antibiotic courses, enhanced resistance to antibiotic develops and leads to the appearance of multidrug-resistant strains, MDR. Studies have shown that about 80% of CF patients are chronically colonized by P. aeruginosa by the age of 20, and the 8-year risk of death was found to be 2.6x higher in patients with P. aeruginosa versus those without it. Research has also shown the continued colonization of P. aeruginosa eventually results in a…

Thank you, Jonathan. As a reminder, the financial information is available in the press release we issued earlier today and also in more detail in our Form 10-K, which will be filed later today. I will walk you through some of our brief highlights. . As of December 31, 2021, cash balance and short-term deposits were $63.1 million, compared to $57.1 million as of December 31, 2020. The increase was primarily due to net cash provided by financing activities, partially offset by net cash used in operating activities. Research and development expenses net were $22.7 million in 2021, compared to $19.4 million for the prior year. The increase was primarily due to increased expenses related to conducting preclinical and clinical trials of our product candidates and an increase in salaries and related expenses, mainly due to the growth in the number of employees in research and development and clinical activities, offset by higher levels of grants from the Israel Innovation Authority. General and administrative expenses were $11.3 million in 2021, compared to $9.3 million for the prior year. The increase was primarily due to an increase in expenses associated with operating as a public company, such as directors' and officers' insurance, listing fees and investor relations activity and also due to an increase in stock-based compensation and salaries and related expenses mainly due to the growth in the number of employees and due to an increase in rent and related operational expenses resulting from moving into our new facility. Net loss was $36.2 million for 2021 compared to $30.1 million for the prior year. Net cash used in operating activities was $27.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to $24.4 million for the same period in 2020. The estimated existing cash, cash equivalents and short-term deposits will be sufficient to fund the company's current operating plan through the end of 2023. Additional tranches that would become available to the company under its venture debt facility upon satisfaction of certain specified milestones can further extend the company's cash runway through the first half of 2024. And now I'll turn the call back over to Jonathan for his closing remarks. Jonathan?

Thank you, Marina. We are obviously very excited about the opportunities that lie ahead for us in our leading product candidates, cystic fibrosis and atopic dermatitis. At the same time, we also recognize that the prevailing market conditions within the biotechnology sector have been difficult for companies and investors alike. Despite these ongoing challenges, we are exceptionally well positioned with a strong balance sheet and 2 proof-of-concept readouts for our lead clinical programs expected in the next 12 months. If either or both of these programs prove successful, we believe there will be a significant opportunity this year to grow shareholder value. We'd now like to open the call for questions. Operator?

[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from the line of Joe Pantginis with H.C. Wainwright.

Two questions, Jonathan. First, on the CF program, I guess I wanted to get a little bit of a framework of I guess, the type of data in the fourth quarter from Part 2, I guess I'll ask it this way. What kind of microbiological data do we expect? And then with regard to efficacy, what would you consider a success for 24 patients?

Good morning, Joe. It's an excellent question. I think we have 2 parts in the study, right? So you kind of focused on Part 2, which is, I think, the more significant inflection point; Part 1, which has a readout in third quarter is actually 8 patients. And those 2 are on placebo, 6 are on treatment. It's a bit of a SAD/MAD study. So we'll kind of give them low dose, high dose and then a few doses of the high dose, right? So it's mostly safety. I think we know that phage is relatively safe, so we're not expecting any surprises there. I think there is a chance that we might see some signs of microbiology efficacy, right, in terms of just reduction of the bacterial count. And again, I think in CF, what makes the indication exciting is that we know that these patients are actually succumbing to the bacterial infections, right? So basically, if you reduce the bacteria significantly, you're going to have a clinical effect, right? And to your point, the readout in the Part 2, that's 24 patients randomized to 2:1, kind of following the design that Yale did in some of their Compassionate Use studies, right? So we're going to treat these patients for 10 days, we're going to measure the bacterial count before and after treatment. [ Here we want ] to see a significant effect, hopefully greater then in order of magnitude, and that should also translate to some signals on clinical parameters, such as [ FEV1 ]. Hope that kind of helps clarify.

It certainly does. And I guess I wanted to ask my next question regarding the atopic dermatitis program and also look a little historically. When you look at the -- I don't know, we'll call it an issue, just the reasons why we feel there might have been issues with the acne program and skin penetration into the hair follicles and different aspects of the sebaceous gland or what have you. What gives you confidence based on the different skin morphology and underlying pathology of atopic dermatitis that you would not necessarily have that issue?

It's a great question, right? We've debated at length with multiple experts and I think all through the industry with colleagues. I think the main difference is that in acne, the bacteria, as you said, resides inside the hair follicle. So when we're measuring superficially with a skin swab, we're not really seeing what's going on inside the hair follicle. So if you recall, in our Phase I, we've actually seen a reduction of the bacterial count, but that's exactly the point, we measured with a swab. And obviously, in a cosmetic study, we're not going to do skin biopsies, punch biopsies to the faces of the volunteers. So definitely, I think that was the case that we saw the effect happening superficially. It probably did not translate to deeper layers and the [ phage ] of the relatively large structure, and we just did not have a clinical effect, right? Penetration is most likely the issue. Now we're looking into sort of implementing more and more takeaways from this study on atopic dermatitis. But what gives us comfort is that in the end, the bacteria, Staph aureus is a superficial bacteria, right? It's on the skin. When you look at the lesion before; before those lesions, there's low levels of Staph. When you look at the lesions themselves, there is high level of Staph. You can see then the skin swabs with very, very high levels. When the lesion kind of goes away, the level of bacteria kind of go down. Interestingly, when we looked at different lesions in the same person, you see that it's the same strain over the different lesions, right? So it looks more like an infection. And it's not a bacteria that can go deep into the skin, right? C. acne is one of the most unique bacteria, it only appears in humans only above the shoulder line. There's no other animal that has Staph aureus -- C. acne. There's no good models. So I think in that aspect, it's unique and Staph, again, is a probably more accessible target, and that's why we give a higher likelihood of success in this study.

That's very, very helpful. And if you could just indulge me, if I can just ask a housekeeping question of Marina. Since the 10-K is not out, would you be able to just give the shares outstanding as of today in the fully diluted count?

Sure. Thank you for your questions. So first of all, the 10-K is going to be filed later today. So we have approximately 30 million shares outstanding and approximately 47 million fully diluted.

[Operator Instructions] Our next question comes from Keay Nakae with Chardan.

So Jonathan, for 004 for CF, did you -- what else is possibly holding up the start of Part 1?

Good question. Good morning, Keay. I think what we've seen, not unlike many of the other companies now, is that when you initiate these studies, first there's issues with the CROs because of COVID, right? So there has been delays just in terms of like manning positions at the CRO. So a lot of the site logistics have been slower. So I think that we've seen that both in a topic as well as in CF and that's why we decided to kind of be more conservative, give in our guidance a bit more time on both of the studies. Specifically with CF, these patients are a lot more vulnerable to COVID, right? They're much more worried and they haven't been in contact with their physicians for a while through the wave, they do not show up in the clinic. So now as we've kind of opened up all the sites on time, we see that there's kind of greater time they haven't talked to them, they don't know what's the status and that kind of fits into we got to make sure we know all the parameters when we enroll these patients. So we're seeing enrollment slightly slower. So we face of kind of these 2 issues, right? Issues, which are in the CROs around sort of manpower that I think a lot of other companies have been experiencing. And specifically with CF, there's kind of an additional difficulty because they're so worried about showing up to the clinic given their vulnerability.

Okay. And in terms of finding patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is testing or screening for that? Is that difficult? It shouldn't -- we don't think that it is, but is it difficult? And is there some sort of baseline level of infection that matters or just the fact that they simply have a chronic infection, just the presence of it is sufficient for them to be part of the study?

So I do think -- I mean, that's sort of our takeaways in it. It's important in phage therapy in general, right, to make sure that they are having bacteria and they have sufficient amounts of the bacteria, right? I think we've learned through our both preclinical and clinical work that the more bacteria patients tend to have, the more likely that the phage is going to work. So we definitely have a threshold of minimum bacteria. You've got to make sure that the patients are producing enough sputum in order to take the sample. So that's definitely some of the parameters that we're putting in and you want to have there. I think, on the one hand I think we're encouraged by we're getting incoming e-mails from patients that want to enroll into the study and been experiencing and struggling with these infections for years, right? So there's definitely a lot of patients out there. But I do think we got to acknowledge the difficulties of COVID, and sort of -- the system needs to kind of be rebooted after they kind of disconnected for a few months and let's hope Omicron and the other wave is going to stay at bay.

Okay. And then I'll ask a similar question about atopic derm once you get started there. But in screening for those who have Staph aureus, again, is there a threshold that you need to see for them to be included?

Yes. It's exactly you're spot on, right? I think that's the reason we're going to moderate to severe, want to have high levels of bacteria, we think based on KOLs and some of the studies that have been out there, is that the more bacteria there are at there, the more likely you're going to have an effect, so that's exactly the same rationale, right? We're taking skin swabs. There is a minimum threshold. And only those that; a, have a minimum threshold and b, we can make sure their phage cocktail is relevant to their strains, right? We definitely don't want to be in a situation that we're treating patients those strains are not relevant. Those are the patients that we enroll. And here, here we're also proceeding in our original timeline in terms of executing the clinical study and the patients are not worried about COVID, right? That's not the issue. I think we are seeing some of the logistical issues that we talked about as the CROs though. .

[Operator Instructions] It appears we have no additional questions at this time. I'll turn the floor to management for further remarks.

So all of you, thank you again for joining us this morning. We look forward to providing you with future updates on our cystic fibrosis and atopic dermatitis clinical programs throughout the next 12 months. Have a wonderful day and please reach out to us if you have any questions.

This will conclude today's conference. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect your lines at this time.