Wrendon Timothy
Analyst · Capital Securities Management
Thank you, Jay. I remind you that our typical contract period is from June 1 to May 31 of the following year. With respect to net premiums earned, net premiums earned for the 3 and 9 months ended September 30, 2021 increased due primarily to the triggering of the limit loss on one of our reinsurance contracts due to the impact of Hurricane Ida on our book of business, which resulted in the acceleration of certain premiums.
With respect to investment income. For the third quarter and for the first 9 months of 2021 our net investment income, along with unrealized gain on other investments in our SPAC grew significantly primarily due to the $7.1 million unrealized gain that was recorded in the third quarter due to the successful IPO with our SPAC. Net realized investment gains rose to $755,000 through the first 9 months of the year due to gains recognized in the second quarter. We also recognized a $512,000 negative change in the fair value of our equity securities in the third quarter. Including all of these factors, total revenues rose to approximately $7 million for the 9 months ended September 30, 2021 from $718,000 for the same period last year.
With respect to total expenses, total expenses, including the loss and loss adjustment expenses policies, acquisition costs and general and admin expenses were up in the third quarter and the first 9 months of 2021 due primarily to losses suffered during the quarter and a 9-month period as a result of Hurricane Ida as well as overall increase in corporate expenses. With respect to net income, largely due to the unrealized gain on our investment in Oxbridge Acquisition Corp. measured quarterly at fair value, net income rose to just under $6.5 million or $1.14 per common share in the third quarter of 2021 compared to a loss of $33,000 in last year's third quarter. For the first 9 months of 2021, net income increased to $7 million or $1.22 per share compared to a loss of $232,000 or $0.04 per common share last year.
As we have discussed before in our investor calls, we use various measures to analyze the growth and profitability of our business operations. For our reinsurance business, we measure underwriting profitability by examining our loss ratio, acquisition ratio, expense ratio and our combined ratio. Our loss ratio which measures underwriting profitability, is the ratio of loss and loss adjustment expense incurred and net premiums earned. For the 3 and 9 months ended September 30, 2021, our loss ratios increased to 42.7% and 20.9%, respectively, compared with 0% in the comparable prior year period. The increases was due to the limit losses suffered on one of our reinsurance contracts from Hurricane Ida, which was partially offset by a higher denominated net premiums earned compared with the prior period.
Our acquisition cost ratio, which measures operational efficiency compares policy acquisition costs with net premium earned. The acquisition cost ratio increased marginally to 11.1% for this quarter from 11% for last year's quarter and decreased marginally to 10.9% for the 9 months ended September 30, 2021 from 11% for the same year ago period. These changes are not considered material. Our expense ratio, which measures operating performance compares policy acquisition costs and general and admin expenses with net premiums earned. Our expense ratio decreased for the 3 and 9 months ended September 30 due to a higher denominator in net premiums earned resulting from premium acceleration, which was partially offset by increased policy acquisition costs and general and administrative expenses in the current period.
Our combined ratio, which is used to measure underwriting performance is the sum of the loss ratio and the expense ratio. Combined ratio increased for the 3 and 9 months ended September 30, 2021 due to the increase in the loss ratio this year resulting from the limit loss suffered under one of the reinsurance contracts. Now turning to the balance sheet. Our equity securities totaled $770,000 at September 30 broadly consistent with the 2020 year end. Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents totaled $5.6 million compared to $7.5 million at the end of 2020. Restricted cash and cash equivalents decreased at September 30, 2021, due to the withdrawal of the majority of collateral on the prior year contract in 2021, partially offset by the deposits on the 2021-'22 2 year contract. Total shareholder equity at September 30, 2021 was $15.1 million, up from $8 million at the end of 2020 due primarily to the unrealized gain on our investment in Oxbridge Acquisition Corp. Now I'd like to turn the call back over to Jay to wrap up before we take your questions. Jay?