Ravi Narula
Analyst · William Blair
Thank you, Eric, and good afternoon, everyone. I'll start with a review of our third quarter financial results and then provide our outlook for the fourth quarter and full year fiscal '20. As a reminder, all income statement items except revenue are on a non-GAAP basis, and we have excluded expenses such as stock-based compensation, amortization of intangibles and restructuring charges. I will also be providing more details about the restructuring we undertook in the third quarter of fiscal '20.
Starting with the third quarter results, we ended the quarter with strong financial performance, achieving $39.6 million in revenue, above the high end of our previously issued guidance range of $38 million to $39 million. On a year-over-year basis, total revenue grew 21%, driven primarily by Ooma Business.
Net income for the third quarter was $117,000, around $1 million better than the midpoint of our previously issued loss guidance range of $800,000 to $1.2 million. We achieved profitability due to higher revenue and our focus on expense management. Achieving profitability is a significant milestone for us, as this is the first quarterly profit Ooma has reported since our IPO in 2015.
I'll now add some color to the Q3 revenue. Ooma Business accounted for 42% of total revenue as compared to 30% in the prior year quarter. Business subscription and services revenue during the quarter grew 67% on a year-over-year basis. Excluding Broadsmart, Ooma Business subscription and services revenue grew 41%. We continue to be very pleased with the strong year-over-year organic growth in Ooma Business.
We added several thousand more business users in the third quarter from a specific large customer we have mentioned in our previous earnings call. We are excited about the continued progress we are making with this customer, and we expect to add thousands more users from the customer during the fourth quarter. Adding users from this customer gave us meaningful product and installation services revenue in addition to monthly recurring revenue.
With Ooma Residential subscription and services revenue in the third quarter growing 4% on a year-over-year basis, the combined subscription and services revenue from both business and residential grew 24% in the third quarter. Total subscription and services revenue as a percentage of total revenue for the third quarter was 92% compared to 91% for the same period last year. Product revenue for the third quarter was $3.1 million, up 10% year-over-year, primarily driven by sales to Business customers including the one large customer I mentioned earlier.
Now some key details on our key customer metrics. Our total core users increased to approximately 1,038,000 at the end of the third quarter of fiscal '20 up from 969,000 in the prior year quarter. 21% of our total core users are now business users compared to 16% in the prior year quarter. Our blended average monthly subscription and services revenue per core user or ARPU increased to $11.13, up from $9.92 in the prior year quarter, driven by the growth in Ooma Business users.
Annualized exit recurring revenue was approximately $139 million, growing 20% on a year-over-year basis. Driven by business mix shift, we achieved solid net dollar subscription retention rate of 100% in the third quarter compared to 102% for the prior year quarter.
Moving to gross margins. Subscription and services gross margins for the third quarter of fiscal '20 was 71%, driven by scale economies and also due to a onetime benefit in the quarter, which is why we expect fourth quarter subscription margins to be slightly lower at around 70%.
Product and other gross margins were negative 36% for the third quarter compared to negative 30% for the same period last year due to some higher product costs including tariffs. Despite lower product and other gross margins, we are pleased with the increase in overall gross margins to 63% for the third quarter of fiscal '20.
Now some commentary on the operating expenses for the quarter. Third quarter fiscal '20 operating expenses were $24.8 million, a growth of $3.5 million or a 16% year-over-year increase. Sales and marketing expenses were $12.3 million or 31% of total revenue. These expenses were up 19% year-over-year, driven primarily by growth in sales headcount and increased marketing programs.
Research and development expenses were $8.8 million or 22% of total revenue. These expenses were up 16% year-over-year, reflecting continued innovation in our technology platform as well as development of new products and features. Given steps taken as part of the restructuring, we expect R&D expenses as a percentage of total revenue to be 20% or lower going forward.
G&A expenses were $3.8 million or 10% of total revenue compared to $3.5 million for the prior year quarter to support the growth in our overall business. During the quarter, we turned profitable with net income of $117,000 or $0.01 income per share compared to a $0.03 loss per share in the prior year quarter.
Now some details about the Q3 restructuring activity we undertook late in the quarter. As Eric mentioned earlier, we made a decision to stop selling Ooma Smart Cams given the increased level of competition in the market since our acquisition of Butterfleye in 2017. Unfortunately, this restructuring activity did impact a number of personnel within the company. All in, we incurred a $3.1 million restructuring charge in the quarter, comprised of a number of things: write-down of existing camera inventory and certain other assets, severance expenses for the affected employees as well as write-off of certain intangibles.
As we had only built a small amount of Smart Cam revenue into our previous revenue guidance, we do not believe this restructuring to impact our current or future revenue guidance materially, if at all.
Additionally, on a go-forward basis, we expect to realize more than $3 million of annual cost savings from these activities. As this restructuring activity was undertaken late in the third quarter, we expect approximately $2 million of operating cash usage in the fourth quarter of fiscal '20.
Now on to EBITDA and balance sheet metrics for the third quarter. For the third quarter of fiscal '20, adjusted EBITDA profit was $589,000 versus a loss of $237,000 for the same period last year. At the end of the third quarter of fiscal '20, we had total cash and investments of $27.5 million with $627,000 of cash used in operations for the third quarter compared to cash usage of $1.3 million in the prior year quarter. We ended the quarter with 765 employees and contractors, up from 667 in the prior year quarter.
I will now provide guidance for the fourth quarter and full year fiscal '20 and some high level commentary for fiscal '21. Our guidance is non-GAAP and has been adjusted for expenses, such as stock-based compensation, amortization of intangibles and restructuring expenses. For fourth quarter fiscal '20, total revenue is expected to be in the range of $39.6 million to $40.3 million. We expect non-GAAP net income to range between breakeven to a profit of $400,000. Non-GAAP net income per share is expected to be between $0 to $0.02. We have assumed 22.5 million weighted average diluted shares outstanding for Q4.
For full year fiscal '20, total revenue is expected to be in the range of $150.5 million to $151.2 million, an increase of $2 million from the midpoint of the previously provided guidance range. This revenue guidance reflects our increased confidence in the growth of Ooma Business.
We now expect non-GAAP net loss to be in the range of $1.4 million to $1.8 million, an improvement of more than $2.5 million from the midpoint of the previously provided guidance range. Non-GAAP net loss per share for the full year fiscal '20 is expected to be in the range of $0.06 to $0.08. We have assumed approximately 21.1 million weighted average shares outstanding for fiscal '20.
Before I end my prepared remarks and pass it back to Eric, want to highlight to you that we expect full year fiscal '21 to be slightly positive as well as generate slightly positive cash from operations. But those forecasts are not expected to be linear. There may be some seasonal puts and takes in our quarterly results, which could cause either of those metrics to fluctuate through the next year. I expect to be able to provide clearer guidance for both net income and cash flow for fiscal '21 on our next quarterly earnings call after we have finalized all of our planning this year.
With that, I'll pass it back to Eric for some closing remarks. Eric?