Glynis Bryan
Analyst · JPMorgan
Thank you, Joyce. As Joyce mentioned, we started the year with excellent results. While hardware declined, our revenue, gross profit, adjusted earnings from operations and adjusted diluted earnings per share increased year-over-year.
Cloud and Insight Core Services gross profit both grew double digits. The gross profit growth was largely attributable to acquisitions as well as our pricing and profitability initiatives. In addition, we benefited from a couple of large on-prem software deals in the quarter that delivered onetime gains.
Moving on to Q1 results. In Q1, net revenue was $2.4 billion, an increase of 2% in U.S. dollar terms and also in constant currency. The increase was driven by software products and services, partially offset by a decline in hardware, specifically infrastructure. As we communicated last quarter, we're still seeing slight improvement in devices with subdued infrastructure demand.
In Q1, Devices were up single digits and Infrastructure was down double digits. We continue to anticipate a modest second half improvement in Devices and believe Infrastructure demand will improve later in the year. Gross profit increased 13%, reflecting strong Cloud and Insight Core Services growth, partially offset by Hardware declines.
Gross margin was 18.5%, an increase of 170 basis points and reflects a higher mix of Cloud and Insight Core Services. In addition, our profitability and pricing initiatives also contributed to higher hardware and services gross margin. Insight Core Services gross profit was $76 million, an increase of 24%. This performance reflects the benefits of acquisitions as well as growth in Cloud and Integration Services.
Cloud gross profit was $117 million, an increase of 33%, reflecting higher growth in SaaS and infrastructure as a service. Adjusted SG&A grew 7%, primarily due to acquisitions, which was partially offset by the OpEx actions we took in North America last year. This resulted in adjusted EBITDA margin expanding 130 basis points to 5.6%. Adjusted earnings from operations were $122 million, up 30%.
From a geo perspective, adjusted earnings from operations increased double digits in North America, EMEA and APAC at 31%, 22% and 20%, respectively. And adjusted diluted earnings per share were $2.37, up 33% in U.S. dollar terms and 32% in constant currency. In the quarter, we generated $247 million of cash flow from operations compared to $160 million in Q1 of 2023.
This strength reflects favorable timing of client receipts versus partner payments that will normalize in Q2. We still expect that cash flow from operations for 2024 will be in the range of $300 million to $400 million. Our adjusted return on invested capital for the trailing 12 months ended March 31, 2024, was 18%, compared to 15.9% a year ago. This demonstrates good progress towards our long-term goal.
We exited Q1 with debt of $550 million outstanding under our ABL. As of the end of Q1, we have $1.4 billion capacity under our $1.8 billion ABL facility, of which $900 million remains available. We continue to evaluate our options relative to the convertible notes.
As a reminder, the notes mature in February 2025. Our presentation shows our trailing 12-month performance through Q1 2024 relative to the metrics that we described at our Investor Day in October 2022. We believe we are on track to hit these targets by 2027, as demonstrated by a strong start from Cloud gross profit growth of 26%, adjusted EBITDA margin expansion of 110 basis points to 6%, adjusted ROIC expansion of 210 basis points to 18% and adjusted free cash flow as a percentage of adjusted net income of 188%.
Although we are pleased with the performance we saw in the first quarter, we're one quarter into the year and have considered the following factors in adjusting our guidance. We believe there is increased uncertainty in the macro environment that may further impact recovery in the overall IT market. We expect Hardware to improve modestly as the year progresses, primarily driven by device refreshes. We anticipate Cloud will remain strong and Core Services to improve, booted by the acquisitions of SADA, Amdaris and Infocenter.
We continue to diligently manage our SG&A, while thoughtfully investing in sales, technical resources and systems to support our solutions integrated strategy. We have higher interest expense related to the Infocenter acquisition. Considering these factors, we now expect to deliver gross profit growth in the mid- to high teens range and that our gross margin will be approximately 19%. And we expect adjusted diluted earnings per share for the full year will be between $10.60 and $10.90.
This guidance includes interest expense between $52 million to $54 million and effective tax rate of 26% for the full year, capital expenditures of $50 million to $55 million and an average share count for the full year of 35.3 million shares. This outlook excludes acquisition-related intangible amortization expense of approximately $60 million, assumes no acquisition-related or severance and restructuring and transformation expenses and assumes no meaningful change in our debt instruments or the macroeconomic outlook.
As Joyce mentioned, I'm retiring at the end of this year. While I'm excited about what comes next, this was a difficult decision for me, as I care deeply about my Insight family and the people I've spent the last 17 years with. I'll miss the feeling of being part of something truly special. I am excited about Insight's trajectory and the progress we have made towards becoming the leading solutions integrator.
We have a strong and talented management team, led by Joyce as our CEO and incredible teammates who believe in and execute our strategy every day. Insight is well positioned for the future. And after this year, I'll be cheering from the sidelines as the team continues to deliver impressive results. This is my 65th earnings call, and it has been a phenomenal experience for me. Thanks to all of you for your interest and on supporting Insight over the years.
I will now turn the call back to Joyce.