Stephen Taylor
Analyst · Lake Street Capital
Okay. Thank you, Alicia and Ross. Good morning, everyone, and welcome to Natural Gas Services Group's Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2019 Earnings Review.
Thank you for turning into the call. We filed our annual report on Form 10-K for the 12 months ended December 31, 2019, with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission after market closed on Tuesday, March 31, 2020. Additionally, we provided information on our fourth quarter 2019 results in a press release after the market closed yesterday.
Before I discuss our financial and operating results from 2019, I'd like to address the current challenges facing our communities and our industry. There's no doubt that the COVID-19 pandemic is having and will continue to have a meaningful impact on our business, our communities, our domestic and global economies.
While we remain focused on our business, it's in times like these that we must also focus on the building blocks of our company, our team members and their families, our customers and our communities.
Our team has done a remarkable job of remaining focused on the needs of our customers, while adapting to the new realities, such as social distancing, which have been presented by the pandemic.
We have a workforce that is varied in their functions, their professions and their locations, from the offices to the fabrication facilities to the front lines in the field, with locations from the Permian Basin to the Niobrara to the Marcellus as service teams consisted of multiple people to lone outposts.
Each has their own particular set of circumstances, and we continue to adapt to the short-term reality by transitioning to remote work plans and supporting our field service and fabrication team members on best practices to protect themselves from virus exposure.
We're focused on continuing our work in as safe and environment as possible. In this unprecedented health challenge, our goal is to establish protocols to protect our team, while at the same time, delivering -- continuing to deliver the exceptional service to our customers they have grown to expect from NGS. We're necessarily more deliberate in how we deliver that service, and it may not be as efficient as in our normal operating environments, but our effectiveness will not suffer.
As if this pandemic is not enough, the energy industry also faces economic challenges we have not seen in over generations. The combination of a flow supply from OPEC and Russia, combined with an unprecedented decline in demand resulting from the global pandemic and resulting economic shocks have caused oil field activity to plunge and demand for all oil field services to follow.
Never in my 4 decades in the oil field have I seen such a violent decline in price and oil field activities like we have seen in the last month. While I'd like to say I can see the proverbial light at the end of the tunnel, I do not think it will be that easy. We are likely to see more price weakness before the market begins to heal. What is obvious at this point is nobody's crystal ball is clear, and they are likely to remain blurred for the next several weeks and potentially months.
In short, 2020 is going to be a challenging year for our industry, either that will likely lead to significant company displacements, surprises that aren't yet predictable. And when we emerge from the abyss, a new normal that brings new efficiencies and operating disciplines to both producers and service providers.
In short, that's a descriptive way of saying we have very limited visibility into the balance of 2020, except to say, it will be challenging. That said, NGS is fortunate and that we have and consistently have had a strong balance sheet with free cash and we operate efficiently, although we will be expected to become even more efficient in the coming months.
We have solid customers who rely on our equipment services to produce hydrocarbons that create revenue. While I'm certain -- while I'm uncertain of the exact road map in the coming months, I'm confident that our team will work tirelessly to ensure customers and stakeholders are able to rely on NGS well into the future.
Despite continued volatility in energy markets and pressures on commodity prices, NGS continue to make progress in our core business during the fourth quarter of 2019.
Real revenue increased 6% sequentially and 19%, when compared to the fourth quarter of 2018. We are pleased with our full year 2019 adjusted EBITDA of $24 million, which increased 10% when compared to 2018.
Additionally, our operating cash flow increased to $29.4 million, an increase of 24% over 2018. We continue to have one of the strongest financial positions in the industry, with over $11 million of net cash on the balance sheet.
There's little doubt that we are operating in an environment with significant headwinds and an unprecedented level of uncertainty. The NGS team will continue to deliver best-in-class service to our long-term customers, who continue to needing -- need quality and reliable compression services. We will continue to focus on operating efficiently and use our existing contracts to generate cash.
With little short-term visibility for new projects, we expect total capital expenditures to decline at least 75% in 2020 from approximately $70 million in 2019. On March 13, 2020, we filed Form 12b-25, requesting an extension of time to file our annual report on Form 10-K, which we did the night before last.
In our extension, we indicated a number of compression make-ready jobs not been properly closed and recorded in a timely manner. Additionally, of those that had been closed correctly, there was an interpretive difference as to whether those expenses should be taken as incurred or amortized over time.
In deliberations with our auditors and to resolve the questions, we allocated additional operating costs and expenses of approximately $1.1 million in 2018 as well as the same amount for the first 9 months of 2019. These adjustments are reflected in the operating results we will discuss.
So with all that said, let's discuss the financial results as well as pertinent operating market comments.
NGS reported total revenue of $19.7 million for the fourth quarter of 2019, a 22% increase compared to the same quarter in 2018. We experienced an increase in our revenue stream for the 34% increase in sales revenues, 19% in rentals and 16% in service and maintenance when compared to the same quarter of 2018.
Sequentially, total revenue decreased by 5%. Rental revenues increased 6% sequentially, while sales revenues decreased due to a drop in compressor sales. In comparative year-to-date periods, our total revenues increased to approximately $13 million or 20%.
Total adjusted gross margin for the 3 months ended December 31, 2019, increased to $7.9 million from $7.6 million or 4% for the same period ended December 31, 2018. Adjusted gross margin, which does not include depreciation or various noncash nonrecurring items as a percentage of revenue for the 3 months ended December 31, 2019, was 40%, a decrease from 47% for the same period in 2018 due to higher rental costs, lower compressor sales margins and a $560,000 bad debt write-off.
Without the bad debt adjustment, our total adjusted gross margin would have increased to $8.5 million or 43% of revenue. Sequentially, adjusted gross margin for the fourth quarter of 2019 decreased from $9.6 to $7.9 million or 17% from the prior quarter. This is driven by lower sales revenues and margins, lower rental margins and a bad debt expense. Adjusted gross margin as a percentage of revenue decreased to 40% this quarter compared to 46% in the prior quarter.
Without the bad debt charge, adjusted gross margin would have fallen 11% quarter-to-quarter, as Dada just mentioned, 17%.
Selling, general and administrative expenses were $2.7 million, a year-over-year increase of approximately $330,000, and a decrease of approximately $50,000 sequentially. SG&A expenses for the full year and current quarter were $155,000 higher due to the previously announced stock vesting of our former Chief Financial Officer.
Our adjusted SG&A expenses generally run at 13% to 14% of total revenue and continue to do so. Adjusted operating income for the fourth quarter of 2019 was a loss of $880,000 compared to a $490,000 loss in the fourth quarter of 2018. The adjusted operating loss this quarter was due to higher depreciation expenses in our large horsepower equipment, higher SG&A and excludes an inventory allowance of approximately $408,000. Sequentially, adjusted operating income decreased $1.7 million, primarily due to lower compressor sales revenue and margins and lower rental margins.
Adjusted operating income for the full year 2019 was $156,000 compared to a loss of $507,000 in 2018. Adjusted net loss for this quarter was $1.4 million compared to an adjusted loss of $116,000 in last year's fourth quarter. Our third quarter 2019 adjusted net income was $967,000. Adjusted loss on earnings per diluted share was $0.11 for the fourth quarter, which compares to adjusted earnings per share of $0.07 since quarter and a $0.01 loss a year ago. Adjusted earnings per share for 2019 was 0.
EBITDA is obviously earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and our referenced adjusted EBITDA also excludes goodwill inventory and fleet impairments. Adjusted EBITDA for the 3 months ended December 31, 2019, remained flat at $5.2 million compared to the same period in 2018. EBITDA decreased $1.7 million sequentially from $6.9 million, primarily due to lower compressor sales and margins.
Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2019, was $24 million, compared to $21.8 million, an increase of 10% for the same period ended in 2019. Total sales revenues, which includes compressors, flares and product sales, increased 34% or $1 million on a year-over-year basis. Sequential sales revenue decreased to $3.9 million from $5.9 million, primarily due to decreased compressor sales.
Fourth quarter 2019 total sales gross margin was 9% of revenue compared to 25% in the third quarter of 2019. Fourth quarter 2019 compressor-only sales increased from $1.5 million in the fourth quarter 2018 to $2.9 million this quarter.
Compressor-only sales of $3 million compared to $4.7 million in the prior quarter. Compressor-only sales in 2019 increased $4.2 million or 38% to $15.2 million when compared to 2018. Compressor-only sales margin was 3% for the 3 months ended December 31, 2019, compared to 5% of the same period a year ago.
This low-margin was due to unabsorbed labor expenses in our fabrication facilities that were incurred during the fourth quarter. On a full year comparison, gross margin in 2019 was 14% versus 18% in 2018. The gross margin dollars increased 5% this year over last.
Our sales backlog as of December 31, 2019, was approximately $2.2 million compared to approximately $5 million in the third quarter of 2019. We continue to see growth in our rental business, with rental revenue of $15.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2019 and $56.7 million year-to-date. Rental revenue increased 19% for both year-over-year periods and the full year comparison.
Sequentially, rental revenues increased over 6%. Compared to the third quarter 2019, our average rental rates on a per unit basis increased 5% and were down 5% on an average per horsepower basis. This slight decrease in per horsepower rates is not uncommon as larger horsepower equipment costs less per horsepower, which translates into lower per horsepower rental rates. Rental rates increased by an average of 13% per unit in the year-over-year quarters, mainly due to our continued penetration into the larger horsepower market, which carried higher rental rates. Reported rental gross margins this year were 47%, a decrease from third quarter 2019 rental gross margin of 54% and last year's fourth quarter of 53%. Our rental margin this quarter was negatively impacted by the previously mentioned bad debt charge.
Without the bad debt adjustment, NGS would have posted a 51% gross margin. Lease size at the end of December 2019 totaled 2,304 compressors or almost 429,700 horsepower, an addition of 28 units or almost 23,000 horsepower during the fourth quarter.
As of December 31, 2019, 26% of our utilized horsepower is classified as large. For the past 12 months, we have added 82 new fleet units, totaling 74,000 horsepower, with 95% of those units classified in our large horsepower category.
Our horsepower utilization is 70% and unit-based utilization was 62% as of December 31, 2019. Our large horsepower units continue to exhibit greater than 90% utilization.
Our large horsepower class continued to grow throughout the year in the fourth quarter and our mid-range horsepower experienced incremental gains throughout the year. We anticipate softening in our small and medium horsepower fleet utilization this year, but have some cushion going into the year with some opportunities we are presently executing on. Overall, we have 30% more horsepower-generating revenue as compared to last year's quarter and 11% more revenue-generating horsepower sequentially.
I mentioned last quarter that our rental fleet CapEx was projected to be $60 million to $65 million for the full year of 2019. In fact, in 2019, we spent $65.7 million on rental fleet equipment. I'll remind you the -- at least 90% of that was precontracted equipment. I also mentioned in the last call that we thought our CapEx would be down roughly 50% in 2020. Now due to the severity of the downturn in commodity prices and the operating environment, we anticipate CapEx could decrease by approximately 75%, when compared to 2019 levels.
On August 12, 2019, NGS announced that our Board had approved an authorization to invest up to $10 million directly into the company through a stock buyback. The authorization expires on September 30, 2020. As of December 31, 2019, the company had repurchased almost 38,000 shares at a cost of almost $490,000.
We continue to be vigilant in protecting our cash position in the current environment, and we'll -- and will remain judicious in making capital allocation decisions. That said, we continue to believe that our equity remains one of the more attractive investments available to us in the current environment.
Looking at the balance sheet. Our total bank debt remains minimal at $417,000 as of December 31, 2019, and our cash balance remains strong at $11.6 million. In addition, we have a largely untapped credit line of $30 million available to us, which provides ample liquidity in nearly every considerable scenario. We generated positive net cash flow from operating activities in this quarter of $8.1 million, which represents 41% of our quarterly revenue. Our operating cash flow in 2018 was $23.7 million, and it increased 24% to $29.4 million in 2019.
There are not many companies in the oil field services space that have a recurring rental revenue stream, essentially no debt on the balance sheet, cash reserves in the bank with strong cash flow yield, while trading at a meaningful discount to tangible book value. Before I take questions, I want to thank the entire NGS team for their dedication and effort during the past year and in the first part of the new year.
In a very difficult operating environment, NGS managed to continue to grow our customer relationships, build our recurring revenue base and significantly build our higher horsepower compression fleet without using debt, while maintaining a strong balance sheet with net cash. The coming months will be challenging, but we have a fleet of new advanced compression assets that should start to generate cash flow and earnings in the months and years ahead.
Ross, this is the end of my prepared remarks. So if you would, please open the phone lines for questions.