Michael Ruppert
Management
Yes. So Jon, if you look back over time and you look at our gross margins, you know they fluctuate quarter-to-quarter. But on an annual basis, they're pretty consistent. We were 47% in fiscal '16, 47% in fiscal '17. And then, as you saw, we are 46% this year. And every year has this puts and takes, but overall, we've been pretty consistent. Now what we saw this year was a decline from 46.9% in fiscal '17 to 45.8%. Now some of that was driven by the inclusion of Themis in the numbers. And without Themis, as I mentioned, gross margins would have been 46.2%. So a decline of 0.7%. Now one thing I want to throw into the mix is USMO as well. So our insourcing provided a benefit of $4 million and we estimate that as a positive to gross margins of about 0.9% of sales. But that benefit, as you mentioned, was offset by the margin impact that we saw because of the CRAD, which we estimate to be about 0.8%. So the 2 about offset each other during the year. Now it's important to remember as you said, that offsetting the gross margin decline is the benefit that we see in internal R&D. And so while gross margins were 1% lower, what you also saw was R&D drop from 13.2% last year down to about 12% this year, 11.9%. And so when you put it all together and you look at the gross margins decline, we actually saw adjusted EBITDA grew from 23% to 23.4%. And so we have adjusted EBITDA increasing from fiscal '17 to fiscal '18. But we also have a number of new programs, which bodes well for future growth. And as Mark just mentioned, we expect accelerated growth in the out years. And then, if you look at our guidance, excluding Germane, so we put a page in the presentation that excludes Germane, you will see that the financial profile for fiscal '19 is going to be a lot like fiscal '18 ones, i.e., the gross margins are pretty similar, but so is IRAD as a percentage of sales. So once we move beyond fiscal '19 and some of the early-stage programs ramp up, we believe gross margins will start to expand, but we'll still have the operating leverage in the business, and it's really that dynamic that's going to allow us to get to the high-end of our adjusted EBITDA range over the next few years.