Hello, and welcome to the Magnite Fourth Quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] Please note this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to Nick Kormeluk of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Thank you, operator, and good afternoon, everyone. Welcome to Magnite's Fourth Quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call. As a reminder, this conference call is being recorded. Joining me on the call today are Michael Barrett, CEO; and David Day, our CFO. I would like to point out that we have posted financial highlight slides on our Investor Relations website to accompany today's presentation. Before we get started, I will remind you that our prepared remarks and answers to questions will include information that might be considered to be forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, statements concerning our anticipated financial performance and strategic objectives, including the potential impacts of macroeconomic factors on our business. These statements are not guarantees of future performance. They reflect our current views with respect to future events and are based on assumptions and estimates and subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from expectations or results projected or implied by forward-looking statements. A discussion of these and other risks, uncertainties and assumptions is set forth in the company's periodic reports filed with the SEC, including our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and our 2025 annual report on Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements or relevant risks. Our commentary today will include non-GAAP financial measures, including contribution ex-TAC or less traffic acquisition costs, adjusted EBITDA and non-GAAP income per share. Reconciliations between GAAP and non-GAAP metrics for our reported results can be found in our earnings press release and the financial highlights deck that is posted on our Investor Relations website. At times, in response to your questions, we may offer additional metrics to provide greater insights into the dynamics of our business. Please be advised that this additional detail may be onetime in nature, and we may or may not provide an update on the future of these metrics. I encourage you to visit our Investor Relations website to access our press release, financial highlights deck, periodic SEC reports and the webcast replay of today's call to learn more about Magnite. I will now turn the call over to Michael. Please go ahead, Michael.

Thank you, Nick, and what an end to 2025. We exceeded consensus expectations for both the quarter and the full year. In a mixed macro environment, our results reflect the durability of our model and the accelerating shift towards streaming. In Q4, CTV contribution ex-TAC grew 32% ex political, meaningfully above our guide. That acceleration began in Q3 and strengthened into year-end. As we enter 2026, CTV is now larger than DV+ making streaming the majority of our business. That is a defining moment for Magnite. The long anticipated ramp of programmatic CTV is no longer emerging. It is underway at scale. Adoption is broad-based across media owners, agencies and DSPs. We saw strong growth from many of the largest players in the industry, including LG Ads, Netflix, Paramount, Roku, VIZIO, Walmart and Warner Bros. Discovery. TV OEMs are leaning aggressively into programmatic across home screens, pause ads, data enablement and marketplaces. Programmatic enablement in live sports continues to expand across the largest global streamers. On the demand side, the largest global agencies are now driving meaningful volume through buyer marketplaces and DSP-agnostic pipes powered by Magnite. ClearLine activation continues to gain momentum as buyers increasingly seek direct, transparent and efficient access to premium streaming supply. Stepping back, the industry trajectory is unmistakable. Consumers have moved to streaming. Time spent has already shifted. Advertisers are following and dollars are now catching up. CTV combines the brand impact of television with the precision and measurability of digital. As inventory has scaled and pricing has normalized, CTV has become accessible to a broader range of advertisers from global brands to performance marketers to SMBs. For Magnite, this shift is structurally advantageous. In DV+, we operate in a highly competitive market where we hold mid-single-digit share. In CTV, our share is multiple times…

Thanks, Michael. As Michael mentioned, we had a strong Q4 and finish to the year with a great performance in CTV, achieving 20% contribution ex-TAC growth or 32% excluding political, significantly exceeding our expectations. CTV reached 48% of our total contribution ex-TAC for Q4. DV+ came in below expectations, declining 1% and up 4%, excluding political. Adjusted EBITDA grew 9% to $84 million, resulting in a 43% margin. We're pleased with the results, particularly the continued acceleration in CTV growth we saw in Q4. For the full year, contribution ex-TAC totaled $670 million, a year-over-year increase of 10% or 14%, excluding the impact of political. For CTV in 2025, we achieved contribution ex-TAC of $304 million, an increase of 17% or 22% excluding political. And for DV+, we reported $365 million for the year, growth of 5% or 8% ex political. We processed total ad spend approaching $7 billion. Adjusted EBITDA for the full year 2025 was $232 million, an increase of 18% from 2024, resulting in an adjusted EBITDA margin for the year of 34.7%. Total revenue for Q4 was $205 million, up 6% from Q4 2024. Contribution ex-TAC was $195 million, up 8%, within our guidance range and up 16%, excluding political. CTV contribution ex-TAC was $94 million, up 20% year-over-year or 32% excluding political, significantly exceeding the top end of our guidance range. DV+ contribution ex-TAC was $101 million, a decrease of 1% or an increase of 4%, excluding political from the fourth quarter last year. This result was below our guidance range. As Michael noted, we saw a growing spend shift from DV+ to CTV. Our contribution ex-TAC mix for Q4 was 48% CTV, 37% mobile and 15% desktop. From a vertical perspective, retail, health and fitness and financial were the strongest performing categories, while automotive…

[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Laura Martin of Needham.

Congratulations, good numbers. I wanted to talk about the breadth of CTV and how much of that is sustainable. So ex political, CTV up 32% in growth. Can you break down how much of that is SMBs? How much is by vertical? You named a lot of really big studio companies that are growing. I'm really interested in what's growing and whether you see that continuing? That's my first question.

Yes. Laura, great question. I'll handle it first and maybe David will dive in with some specifics. We really haven't gotten into breaking it out. Lord knows we have hard enough time figuring out TV and CTV buckets, let alone getting a little bit more specific on the CTV. I will say, and you did see the announcement from MNTN recently about their direct connection into us as their first platform to do so. So that's a very encouraging sign of a high-growth area of performance-oriented SMBs. But we are seeing just across the board. You don't grow at 32% and not have everything firing at all cylinders. So big branded advertisers that used to advertise in TV, we had cited a big shift from performance advertisers that were digital online video, digital display shifting into CTV throughout all of our channel checks, the same note was sung by every major agency brand, marketer, the appeal of CTV, the pricing, the performance metrics of it, it's really just increasing in velocity of appeal. So we're just seeing it across the board, Laura.

Okay. Great. And then my second question is about risk. It feels like, Michael, you're moving more towards an infrastructure. You have a lot of really specific deep infrastructure integrations into some of these large CTV performers. Do you get the sense that elongating your client relationship time, increasing your lifetime value and lowering the risk of investing in Magnite as a stock?

Well, no question. You hit the nail on the head, and I think we tried to harp on that in the call in the script. We look so different in CTV than we do perhaps even in DV+ and display. We are highly differentiated. We have a leading programmatic ad server that's coupled with the leading SSP platform. We're building more and more tools. We have a buying tool, ClearLine that's integrated across the board. So we look quite different and unique and with an enjoyable moat that we built in CTV, which is, as you know, the fastest-growing segment in the digital advertising sector.

Our next question comes from Dan Kurnos of Benchmark StoneX.

Michael, let me just stick with the CTV question for a second. Is there any way to kind of parse out the mix shift to CTV versus your organic partner growth like what you had before? Because there's a clear acceleration, I think, on both fronts. And how much of that is coming from live events?

Yes. So live is an increasing contributor each quarter. So that's definitely a good guide for us. As it relates to parsing it out. David, do you want to say -- kind of the dollar shift that we saw from DV+ into CTV and that to give you some idea of the baseline growth level versus the accelerated?

Yes. I guess -- I mean, if you just look at the expectations versus consensus for like Q1, for example, you've got DV+ $8 million or $9 million lower and CTV higher by that same amount. But I'm not sure you can differentiate spend shift versus organic because the spend shift is rolling into our organic numbers and is rolling through all of those same -- obviously, all of those same partners. But it is a very dramatic shift, right? Go ahead.

Yes. No. So I was saying if you looked at it -- let's just say if the expected performance is 20% and it winds up being 32%, it's pretty easy to parse it out as to what the accelerant was from a spend shift from platform to platform.

Yes. No, that's helpful color. I mean I'm just trying to make sure to flag, I guess, the underlying is still growing ex the shift. So I just want to [indiscernible].

Very much so. Yes, very much so. Just think a little bit -- the thing here from a larger perspective from what we talk about is those very marketers that are making up a number, say someone spends $100 less, they're just spending it differently, allocating it differently. And good news for us are allocating into the faster-growing platform that you certainly look ahead 3 to 5 years from a CAGR standpoint, it's going to be super impressive. So number one, the allocation is happening on our platform. So we're catching dollar for dollar, and we're still having that organic growth on the CTV side that's far exceeding the marketplace. So both very positives for us.

Yes. And just to layer on I say layer on to Laura's point, it's derisking. So $1 of CTV revenue and growth is more protectable and sustainable in some ways than DV+, which just can be a little bit more volatile. And so we love where this is heading ultimately.

And not to add, David, I mean, I guess the next question I'd ask is like, I mean, margins are still improving, but there's always been a question around take rate and economics and you're still driving margins higher. So some of that's been your cost to take out, cost to serve initiatives, but just maybe any comments you guys have on that would be great.

Yes. And in fact, and we talked about this a little bit last -- I think, the last quarter or 2, because of the opportunity that we have in CTV, we've actually made some additional internal investments into CTV, so into engineering, into accelerating some of our feature and functionality in the CTV business. And so all things being equal, our margin expansion could have been even greater in 2026. But with the -- so we'll still expand margins. But with this opportunity in CTV, it's sort of a little bit of a onetime shot on the headcount and continuing to make the improvements on our tech stack infrastructure, as you mentioned, getting better leverage out of that to really set us up for more rapidly expanding margin in future years.

Our next question comes from Shyam Patil of Susquehanna.

I had a couple of questions. I guess, maybe following along the lines of the previous 2 as well. What do you guys think is the right way to think about CTV growth and then DV+ growth kind of going forward? I know you gave kind of 1Q outlook and kind of high level for the year for overall. But what's -- if we kind of look at the 2 businesses, like what's the right way to think about the growth rate kind of going forward on a sustainable basis? I know, Michael, you said CTV is a double-digit grower. And obviously, we've seen that strong growth rate. And then just a follow-up just on OpenPath, can you just maybe talk about that a little bit, just kind of the impact that you had seen? It seems like that situation might be behind us now. Maybe if you could just talk about that and if you think that, that's been resolved and kind of behind us or if there's potentially anything to be aware of on that front?

Yes, sure. Great questions, and I'll let David jump in on some of it. Yes, certainly, if you look at CTV, the market from an estimate standpoint has always been probably lagging the actual growth rates. But I think some of the latest numbers out there are in the mid- to low teens and certainly at 32%, that's far exceeding market growth. And that's where we expect to be given our market position. So I think a growth rate in the high teens, 20s is very sustainable given the secular shift that's going on. And as it relates to DV+, I think it's fair to remind everyone the diverse portfolio that DV+ is. Certainly, there's desktop and mobile web, and that is definitely under pressure. You have all sorts of things happening there and the big budget shifts that we talked about that we caught on the CTV side were essentially coming from that bucket. But you also have emerging categories like audio, digital out-of-home, mobile app, which you look at the numbers at levels putting up mobile app for a long time was kind of out of our reach because the brand advertising that we source really couldn't compete with the app install. And now it's much -- it's been on a better level playing field than it ever has. And so we view that as a big opportunity for us. We're deploying our SDK. We're partnering with AppLovin. We're partnering with Unity. We're partnering with all the big players, and we think that, that's a big growth area for us. So where does that net out? It's hard to say. But I think the encouraging thing is from a growth profile for Magnite, any weakness that we are seeing in DV+ is manifesting itself in the CTV bucket.…

Our next question comes from Jason Kreyer of Craig-Hallum.

So Michael, you talked about running volumes through AdCP. Just curious what you think the evolution is on that front? And what is the client interest in running volumes through AI agents?

Yes. So interest is very high. Reality, very little and budgets are being allocated to it. I think to frame it correctly is think of this as a massive remodeling of your house, but we're not knocking it down and building a brand-new house. So I think that it's all going to sit on top of the existing infrastructure in the industry. Hundreds of millions of dollars have been invested by Magnite alone to make programmatic work. And what AI agents are going to do is make it work better. It's going to alleviate menial tasks from the traders, the planners, the ops people, and it's going to put more working dollars to play, which is awesome. And we feel it's all going to flow through our pipes. And so I think we're doing the exact appropriate amount of investment in it and we are ready to catch the dollars when they come scaled, but that is not going to happen any coming quarter. So interest high, execution actually putting your money where your mouth is, is not high, but we believe we're in a great position technically and from a market position to take advantage of this next wave of innovation.

Is that more likely to occur on the DV+ side or on the CTV side?

Well, I think across the board, I mean, the world I described, there's a lot of heavy lifting that goes on in terms of planning campaigns, introducing opportunities for publishers, publishers, introducing opportunities for buyers, making sure it works. Line item broken here, this deal doesn't work here, why doesn't it work? 20 hours of troubleshooting to figure out and then half the budget is already not been spent and you're wasting time. And so I think there's all sorts of efficiencies that are in play across both platforms with an agentic approach as the UI level and then the plumbing and the infrastructure powered the way it used to be, the way Magnite does it.

A quick follow-up for David. The EBITDA OpEx is a pretty big jump from Q4 to Q1. Just curious if you can maybe talk about what investments are embedded in there?

Yes. And if you recall, we kind of have that jump literally every year. You have personnel raises effective January 1 that kick into place. You also have employer taxes that kick into place and some of those are attached to some annual grant vesting in that Q1. We have an off-site that occurs in the first quarter of the year. Certain years, it's full company and certain years, it's the commercial team. And so you just got a number of those things. And then the other component there would be some of the investment that I mentioned earlier, which is engineering and product talent for supporting the pace of development and velocity in our CTV business. And so those kind of make up that increase.

Our next question comes from Shweta Khajuria of Wolfe Research.

Okay. Let me try 2, please. I have a follow-up on the prior one. So Michael, if you could please explain the context protocol, like how it works, what the real value proposition is and what your differentiated advantage is there? And as it relates to CloudX, is that a competitive product? Is that even related? How should we think about how all this evolves in an agentic world? And what the impact will eventually be? Is it that you're going to get greater share of ad dollars? Is it that the TAM will expand? Like how should we think about the impact and how it works? And then the second question I have is just on the AdTech case, you touched on it in your prepared remarks. What is the base case expectation at this point? What should investors be expecting in terms of a realistic outcome? And if you have any sense on the time line, that would be great, too.

Yes, sure, Shweta. So yes, so AdCP is kind of -- it's a protocol that allows agents to talk to agents. And so there's nothing particularly -- there's nothing particularly unique about that. It's making sure your program can be agentic. It's making sure your platform can have agents talk to each other. So I think that what we were -- we -- given the size of our platform and the appeal of the types of publishers we have, we are approached by Scope3 first to execute that. So I think it's illustrative of the fact that we're prepared for -- to move beyond the API world and get into the MCP, AdCP world where agents are talking to agents and need a point of connection as opposed to APIs where it was more people connecting to machines. So I think that we feel very good about that. Where I think our point of differentiation will lie not just in our readiness, but I think in this the vast amount of data that we sit on in the years and years of the data that we have, when we can help our publishers and help our buyers from an inventory discovery, price discovery to maximize yield for publishers from mediation, I think that, that's where the magic really happens. So anyone can build an agent, the question is what data is that agent working on. And I think we feel that we sit on this repository of data across tens of thousands of publishers, many, many years of data worth to be able to inform decisions. We've also organized the taxonomy of all the publishers on our platform so that if someone is looking for sports enthusiasts or auto enthusiasts that the same protocol exists across all publishers, so we…

Our next question comes from Matt Swanson of RBC Capital Markets.

This is Simran on for Matt Swanson. Congrats on the quarter. It seems like you guys have hit this tipping point in CTV, which has been great to see. What would you think from an ecosystem standpoint has changed? And how much would you attribute to the secular market shift versus your growing company-specific moat?

Yes. Thanks for the question. I think David touched upon that way, gave the specifics about -- perhaps it was -- the $9 million came from the DV+ platform, and that was placed on -- the expected $9 million that we thought were going to be spent on DV+ was now spent on CTV. But that's on top of an already high growing base of organic spend there. So I think no matter how you look at it, you take the $9 million off, you put it back on DV+, you're still looking at a 20-plus percent grower, which is significantly above market average. So I think that you're right about the tipping point. It's just -- it's being accelerated by a spend shift from one platform to the other, but it's inherently a much higher growing platform to begin with. And as we pointed out a couple of times, with a much, much bigger moat for us. It's an area where we're very differentiated, deep integrations with all the top streamers, ad server capabilities quite different from the DV+ market.

Got it. That makes sense. And then on the progress with these partnerships and integrations, could you double-click on the ramp of some of these and maybe touch on Netflix specifically or any other partners that have progressed particularly well?

Yes. So particularly in the streaming area, when we do our script and we talk about the largest -- the most impactful clients of that quarter, we talked LG Ads, Netflix, Paramount, Roku, VIZIO, Walmart, Warner Bros. Discovery. So really across the board, we're seeing. In terms of the commerce partner, in the DV+ part of the script that we talked about, you see United Airlines, which has taken a while to ramp, but it's now contributing well. PayPal, Pinterest, Best Buy has taken a while, but all these have different flavors of ramp to them. if someone is in the ad business to begin with, having them allow programmatic into their world that tends to impact the revenue line quicker than if, say, you're in United Airlines, you've never been in the advertising business and you're starting from scratch, that's a longer gestation period. So they each have their different flavors. But from time to time, we'll cite the ones that are active and contributing, and that was the list there.

Our next question comes from Barton Crockett of Rosenblatt.

I wanted to ask about your kind of view of the future with AI, given that that's what's really driving all the stocks. And I know there's been some questions on it, but I want to see if you can give us your view of how this evolves in this way, which is, do you see AI as a force for compression of take rates throughout the kind of ad tech sector generally? Do you see this evolving to a circumstance where perhaps LLMs are a front end for ad plans and then SSPs are kind of a processing agent, so maybe DSPs get squeezed. Or do you think that DSPs and SSPs are main kind of players and maybe the smaller competitors in both sectors get squeezed or any other kind of circumstance? How do you see this evolving in terms of players and take rates?

Yes. That's a great question. I think that -- I think if you look at an agentic world and you see where the value is created, there's still a tremendous amount of value being created by Magnite, not just in the plumbing piece of it, but in educating these seller agents with the data that we have to make informed decisions on pricing to mediate the buyer agents that come in. I think what you really generally see, again, is a renovation of this house, not a leveling of it, and it's a much more efficient world where folks are being freed up to do much more sophisticated tasks as opposed to this back and forth of campaign management, fixing broken line items, all that kind of stuff. So I think that what you'll see is far more media going to work. I think you'll see certain people in between the agents become less valuable. But I think that if you look at the top DSPs and what they have built and the rails that they run on and the top SSPs like a Magnite and what we've built that the value creation is the same, if not greater. So I don't necessarily see a take rate impact in the future -- an agentic future for a Magnite.

Okay. All right. Now the other topic I was curious about on antitrust there's been essentially an adoption of behavioral remedies in Europe with Google essentially just kind of moving to adopt some of the key things that could be coming here. Do you -- would you agree that that's kind of a fair description? And if so, are you seeing any impact in terms of share shift in Europe from what Google has been doing over there?

Yes, great question. I don't know if that's -- it's astute observation, but I'm not so sure it's the exact remedies behaviorally that is being sought here in the states. So let's just say it's a portion of that package, the lowest hanging fruit of the package, and it's also the one that requires kind of the most lift on the publisher side. So what we have seen is the publishers that actually readjust the rankings of the exchanges and readjust the price floors that there is improvement, but that's a process, right? And this came down in Q4. So no one really starts to monkey with things during Q4, just given how important the quarter is. So we'll see that play out. But I think it's just kind of scratches the surface of what the DOJ is looking for here and what Judge Brinkema has been alluding to. So I think it's not apples-to-apples to compare Europe to the United States.

[Operator Instructions] Our next question comes from Robert Coolbrith of Evercore ISI.

Just to go back to the CTV strength. Any key unlocks, whether it's around demand partners, supply partners or maybe things that maybe had happened earlier in the year where the momentum just sort of built up in Q4 and surpassed your expectations. Just wondering if we could maybe take another crack at that. And then secondly, on the agentic piece, is there anything that can come into the market incrementally in terms of volumes that remain sort of offline negotiated, inserted via IO, whether that's through some sort of electronic data interchange or fax or whatever, things that can come into the market incrementally, the net new to programmatic from the sort of agentic shifts in the market?

Great. Yes, I'll take the last first. Certainly, I think that, that is an area of hope, right? There is still a tremendous amount of dollars that are frozen in the linear world that are insanely rate sensitive. So it just -- it's more of an automation as opposed to agentic. But if you can build tools that allow at a very efficient pricing, allow those dollars to be transacted programmatically that is something we've been trying to affect clear line for a couple of years now. So I think if you can make it even easier and add an agentic piece to it, that could make it that much easier to have it talk directly to the ad server, have it inserted into the ad server. I think that, that's something that is of appeal that it's not just all biddable. It's not just programmatic that is taking insertion orders and just taking the people out of it and making it automated. So we have high hopes for that occurring, and I think it will be very beneficial to the Magnite platform. And I'm sorry, Robert, the first question again was?

Just want to take another crack at the CTV question about the inflection point. Was there any demand partner unlock, supply partner unlock that drove the variance versus your expectations for the quarter? Anything that may have happened in prior quarters that in retrospect, when you look at it, you're like, okay, that unlocked in Q2, but it ramped in a big way in Q4 beyond our expectations. Just wanted to get a sense of unlock or anything that was sort of beyond [indiscernible].

I would say broad-based across the board. Obviously, certain DSPs have become stronger. You look at the strength of an Amazon in the space, that's been impressive. Certainly, MNTN, we've talked about them in the partnership that they've delivered. But I think across the board, you've seen strength in DSPs. I think one of the things that could be the unlock, Robert, is the upfront negotiations. So they went stronger than anticipated. But the big question mark was how much was streaming going to be a part of it because all these guys, the big ones still run linear businesses. And I think what we're finding out is streaming played a huge role in the upfront and you're starting to see that come to fruition because those dollars don't get spent until the second half of the year into the first quarter of the year. So I think that, combined with some of the strengths of particular partners has really led to outside growth in addition to the platform switch from the DV+ spending in the open web and now spending in CTV. You add those all together and you get turbocharged growth rates.

Our next question comes from Eric Martinuzzi of Lake Street.

Regarding the CTV outperformance, I think your comment on verticals was that there was retail strength, health and fitness, financial. And then you talked about weakness in auto tech and I can't recall the third one. But there was -- just wondering if your -- the guide has any change in the assumptions for those verticals. Is it status quo maintained? Or is there an expectation of recovery in some of the weaker verticals?

Yes. I think yes, I think status quo is sort of what we've been seeing. So I would say the trends that we saw latter half of November and December are kind of continuing across the board into this first quarter. So no significant changes on those trends.

Our next question comes from Omar Dessouky of Bank of America.

So Netflix, I think, recently said that they expect their ad business to double in size in 2026. So I wanted to ask you how you're thinking about your contribution from Netflix as you progress through 2026 and how that might affect the overall take rate of your business? And then I have a follow-up.

Sure. Yes. I think that Netflix has been a terrific partner. We anticipated them to exit this year as one of our top, if not top on a run rate basis partner, and that certainly has come to fruition. And so we are anticipating a bigger year for them this year given their aspirations in the space. And I don't -- from a concentration standpoint, the take rate varies, obviously, on the services that we provide. In some markets, we do more than others. And so therefore, I think from a blended standpoint, take rate isn't going to impact the overall up or down.

Okay. On Netflix in particular, so how do we think about CTV growth as we kind of progress through 2026, right? It looks like you had a nice acceleration for the last couple of quarters. Should we kind of think of an acceleration for the next few quarters as well as you try to upsell your products, as Netflix gets bigger? Is that kind of the outlook for how you expect the year to pan out?

Do you want to grab that, David?

Yes, sorry. Just clarify when you say CPV growth?

Yes. So year-on-year. So if you look at the year-on-year growth in...

No, on CPV -- I mean, we have CPM's take rate. I just want to make sure we're talking the same language.

Growth in contribution ex-TAC.

Okay. All right. Yes, I think -- I mean, I think we're still -- so there's -- so I think what you're getting at is sort of mix changes overall. And I think in our take rates. And so I think you're still -- I think our take rates on a blended mixed basis in CTV have shallowed out. So they're becoming fairly stable. But there still is a significant influx of what I would call premium inventory at our lower take rate tiers. And so I would expect -- and we're having the contribution ex-TAC growth rates that we are even at those lower levels. So I would expect that bottoming out to sort of -- I think that continues. And then I think just from a mix perspective, we have opportunity to grow those take rates in the coming time. I wouldn't see -- I don't see a huge inflection an increase in that average take rate in CTV in the near term, but we're building the foundation and the opportunity to provide those additional services on the demand side and so forth where we do make a slightly higher take rate as we go forward.

Our next question comes from Zach Cummins of B. Riley Securities.

I'll keep to one question just given the extent of the call. But David or maybe Michael could address on this. Just curious of the strength you've been seeing with agencies, particularly in agency marketplaces. Can you talk about the opportunity that you have there, specifically as maybe more ClearLine adoption with some of these key agency partners?

Yes, Zach, we're very enthused by the adoption and the volume. These things take a while to get going. There's a bit of a sell-in process from agency to their clients. And so it's kind of a crawl walk run. And the ones that have been up the longest are at run right now and the others are in various stages. So I think that super encouraged by the model, super encouraged by the contribution for the company and I think the stickiness is what really matters that when they build their business with Magnite as the backbone of their programmatic marketplaces, we become more than just a vendor or a partner that can be put in competition every quarter. We become much more of a partner that's a much more strategic longer-term partner, which isn't the easiest thing to do, particularly in the DV+ world. So they've been essential to our growth and the success of ClearLine.

This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Michael Barrett for any closing remarks.

Thank you, operator. Before we close, I want to thank our investors and our team. To our shareholders, thank you for your continued confidence and long-term partnership. We remain focused on disciplined execution and building durable value. To our employees around the world, thank you. CTV becoming the majority of our business, the acceleration across streaming and our early leadership in AI-driven transactions are direct results of your innovation and commitment. The shift towards streaming and automation is structural and still in its early innings as ad dollars move into CTV, they move into an environment where Magnite has scale, deep integrations and meaningful market share. We believe we are building foundational infrastructure for the next era of advertising, and we are confident of our best days are ahead. Thank you for joining us. We look forward to updating you next quarter. I'll turn it back over to Nick to cover our upcoming marketing events. I'll hand those to [indiscernible].

Thank you, Michael. Yes. Sorry. So upcoming schedules, we've got Susquehanna Conference now virtually tomorrow. We've got meetings in San Francisco with Needham on March 5, Sydney roadshow on March 11, meetings in Boston with Bank of America on March 17, an investor lunch with Susquehanna on March 19, Kansas City with RBC on March 24, Dallas and Houston with Stephens on the 25th and 26th of March and then San Diego and L.A. with Wolfe on the 30th and 31st. Thanks again all for joining.

This concludes today's conference call. You may disconnect your lines. Thank you for participating, and have a pleasant day.