Good day, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to Madrigal Pharmaceuticals Third Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in listen-only mode. After the speakers’ presentation, there will be a question and answer session. As a reminder, today's conference call is being recorded. I would now like to introduce Ms. Tina Ventura, Chief Investor Relations Officer. Please go ahead.

Thank you, Mervin. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us to discuss Madrigal's third quarter 2024 earnings. We issued a press release this morning and have a slide deck that accompanies this webcast, which we will post on the Investor Relations section of our website right after the call. On the call with me today is Bill Sibold, Chief Executive Officer; and Mardi Dier, Chief Financial Officer. They will provide prepared remarks, and then we'll take your questions. Our goal is to keep today's call to about 45 minutes. Please note on Slide 2, we will be making certain forward-looking statements today. We refer you to our SEC filings for a discussion of the risks that may cause actual results to differ from the forward-looking statements. With that, I will now turn the call over to Bill on Slide 3.

Well, thanks, Tina. Good morning, and thanks for joining. I'll cover three topics on our call this morning. First, an update on the Rezdiffra launch, second, how we see the NASH treatment landscape evolving over time and third, the progress we’ve made to strengthen our long-term leadership position in NASH including completing enrollment of our cirrhosis OUTCOMES trial. Let’s start with the US Rezdiffra launch on Slide 4. As we announced in our earnings release this morning, we delivered an exceptional quarter generating $62 million in net sales. This was another strong demand quarter with inventory at the low end of our expected two to four week range. We are now six months into the launch and the feedback we are getting from prescribers continues to be very positive. They are finding it easier to prescribe Rezdiffra to their patients, thanks to our efforts to wire the system and the improved access we secured. They also have high confidence in Rezdiffra’s real-world performance as an effective well-tolerated once-a-day pill, supported by positive patient experiences to-date. Healthcare providers are beginning to recognize Rezdiffra as standard-of-care, reinforcing its position as the foundational therapy for NASH. And while we are still early in the launch phase, we are continuing to see great progress across all key performance metrics. This gives us confidence in our strong growth expectations for Rezdiffra and reinforces that the launch is tracking in line with other best-in-class specialty medicine blockbuster launches. So let’s start with patients. As a reminder, we are focused on the 315,000 patients diagnosed with NASH with moderate to advanced fibrosis. We ended the quarter with greater than 6,800 patients on Rezdiffra. The figure represents patients on drug or the bottom of the patient funnel and the most rigorous metric to measure. By comparison, we ended…

Thank you, Bill. Earlier today, we issued a press release with our final - our full financial results. So I will provide you a few highlights of the third quarter of 2024 as noted on Slide 11. US net sales for the quarter totaled $62 million. As we've mentioned previously, we expect inventory to run between 2 to 4 weeks for Rezdiffra, which is typically, - which is typical for a specialty medicine. As Bill noted, this was another strong demand quarter with inventory at the low end of that range. Our gross to net was again favorable to our expectation this quarter as our Co-Pay Assistance program utilization was lower than anticipated for the third quarter. As we said before, we expect gross net to be choppy quarter-to-quarter, particularly early in the launch. R&D expenses for the third quarter of 2024, were $68.7 million, compared to $71 million in the third quarter of 2023. We continue to anticipate relatively stable R&D expenses this year compared to last year. SG&A expenses were $107.6 million, compared to $27.6 million for the third quarter of 2023. This year-over-year increase was expected due primarily to the expansion of our commercial operations in the US, following Rezdiffra’s approval in March. Turning to our balance sheet, as of September, 30th, we had $1 billion in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and marketable securities. With this strong position, we are well resourced to support the ongoing launch of Rezdiffra in both the US and our planned launch in Europe. I'll now turn the call back over to Tina.

Thanks, Mardi. Let's move into the Q&A portion of the call. So Marvin, please provide the instructions for the Q&A session and we'll get started.

[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from the line of Yasmeen Rahimi of Piper Sandler. Your line is now open.

Good morning, team. Congrats on an amazing quarter. Really incredible. Team, I guess question is given the strong performance, could you maybe talk to us about what your forecasts or what your thoughts around moving forward into fourth quarter, and sort of growth into 2025? And I'll jump back into the queue.

Yes, thanks very much for the question. Yeah we're really thrilled with how the launch is progressing. The team is executing at all levels, have made great progress on coverage, adding prescribers, adding patients. We’re really off to a very strong start and as I said the trajectory in early launch quarters is an important indicator for future success. Now, we have our own internal metrics that we look at, but we are also benchmarking ourselves again about - against about 10 specialty launches in the last 10 years that are unmitigated successes. These are great launches and we're doing really great against these benchmarks, as well. And looking at those benchmarks for growth, what you typically see in the third quarter of launch of growth is in the 50% zone on average. And like with the other metrics, we're tracking well on this. So we're off to a great. So, maybe for 2025, Mardi, do you want to comment on that?

Yeah, absolutely. Like Bill said, we're off to a strong start. We are really pleased with our third quarter growth, and what we're looking forward into the fourth quarter. But absolutely what we want to see how 2024 plays out before we provide any more specific points of view on 2025. But what we can say, if you look at fiscal year 2025 and based on our performance since the third quarter and into fourth quarter, we would anticipate that 2025 expectations to increase some to account for this robust growth that we're generating.

All right. Good. Thanks, Yas. Marvin next question, please.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Eliana Merle of UBS. Your line is now open.

Hey guys. Thanks for taking my question. And good grab on the quarter. Just curious what you're seeing in terms of the cadence of new patients but only thing, as number of new patients starts per week or month or is the number of new patients starts accelerating? And then, just second, in terms of the Essence data, what your expectations are whether the players will require a step through with the GLP-1 if the Essence data shows a very strong fibrosis benefit? Thanks.

Thanks, Eliana. Appreciate the question. So, yeah, as we said, we have been continuing to steadily add patients. We have, there's a lot of interest out there. You have to remember, we're not at steady state yet either, right? We haven't fully penetrated all the prescribing physicians. So that's going to take longer as we continue to wire the system. And then you get to your baseline that you start to grow from in a patient add perspective. But we're making progress every day adding new prescribers, new patients, et cetera. So, that's we expect this pace to continue.

And the second question was around Essence and step through GLP-1.

Yeah. So look, thanks for that as well. To-date, we haven't seen any requirements for steps through. Look, we're waiting to see what the results look like, as well. And when we get the results, we're really trying to - we're going to want to try to understand what the data says and doesn't say. And we'll have a number of questions to really probe a little bit deeper on because, as you know, top-line readouts don’t always translate into label so well. So, some of the things we're going to be looking for the following: what do the INTENT treat results look like? How are discontinuations handled? What percent of patients reach the 2.4 milligram therapeutic dose? And even things like, how are the biopsies because that can result in higher response rate as you seen in other NASH trials. But in the end, we're talking about a well-controlled trial here versus real world practice. And that's where I think the profile is really mattered us, that’s where we are really set up for that. So we’ll see what happens with the results of the trial to see what’s happened if anything happens with payer. Now what I will just reinforce is we are in a really strong position. We have a very good profile. We had ongoing dialogue with payers now for well over a year. They understand the profile of the product and what it can offer. So we feel like we're in a very strong position as we go into any potential readout that takes place from that first.

Great. Thanks, Bill.

Marvin, next question, please.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Akash Tewari of Jefferies. Your line is now open.

Hey, this is Manoj, is in for Akash. Thanks for taking our question. Just one, which trial are you more confident on getting on OUTCOMES the extension of MAESTRO-NASH or like the FR patient trial? Why are you confident that you could show a benefit in this late-stage patients?

Thanks for the question. Look, we're confident in both trials. Of course, we don't have the answer yet though, so we have to wait and see what that looks like. We have for the cirrhosis trial, we had a group of 180 cirrhosis patients in the NAFLD-1 trial that went on to the open label. And it was based on some of the results that we are seeing there that we feel that there is a very good reason why Rezdiffra may work in this population. In fact, Rezdiffra has been referred to as the kind of master regulator or for fibrosis. So we think that this is something that is a good chance that that we hit. We're of course, always going to push the science here and ask the question about what the community wants to learn about and know. We think, especially through the cirrhosis trial that there's going to be a ton of learnings for the community overall. We're out in front. We're leading these efforts to something that, we think as a leader it’s important to do the driver science. So, we'll have to see what the results say. But based upon the really significant interest in the cirrhosis trial, we know that the community is interested in hearing the answer to the question. You saw that, uh, we had about 840 patients that enrolled and that was exceeding expectations really just because of the interest of the trial. Thanks.

Thank you. Marvin next question, please. Thank you. 1 moment for

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from Ritu Baral of TD Cowen. Your line is now open.

Good morning, guys. Thanks for taking the question. Congratulations on the quarter. But I'm going to complain a little anyway. I wanted to ask about Medicare free drug. Can you talk about the amount of free drug that’s being utilized going into the number? We've heard some discomfort, I would say from doctors treating Medicare patients with the free drug program that you guys offered. I guess, just around logistics and are you satisfied right now with your commercial co-pay program to promote use in the commercial population, just because you guys did say, I think Mardi you said that co-pay utilization was low this quarter. Do those two things need to be optimums to set up 2025 to success?

Ritu. Thank you for the question. First of all, from a free goods perspective, very little this quarter and there was very little last quarter. That's something that we would expect in time. There is a little bit more utilization up. So not worried at all about where we are. It’s - as you're launching any new product as it relates to any of the services that you offer, it takes some time for the communities to A. know exactly what is out there and then, B. how did they utilize those potential offerings. What we're seeing good progress on all those things. So we haven’t heard that feedback. At the same I have spent a lot of time talking with practices, haven’t heard the feedback there has been a challenge for physicians to access any of the service offerings that we have. But it’s certainly something that we’ll keep an eye on. We want to be absolutely best-in-class in this and deliver the best experience that we can for not only the practices, but with the providers Co-pay utilization, we have a very good program where that for commercial patients, he would expect that they would pay $10 per month that we would cover the rest of their obligation. Again, it's pretty early and it's more of an issue of patients making sure they know about it. How to access it. How physicians that are directing them towards the practices that are directing them towards it. So we expect that that is going to increase in time. In fact, we wanted to increase in time, because we wanted to be affordable for patients. And as you recall, what we have emphasized in this launch is affordability for patients. We've done that. And we've offered it - the way we've done that is through a very, very robust co-pay assistance program. We do have a PATH program, as well. And that’s if patients can access drugs through any of the other means that are possible for them, we will fill that obligation. But we’ll keep an eye on. Any feedback that we get we react very quickly. And we spent with our community, we’ve been very clear if a patient needs the product, we will find a way to help that patient gets the product including it being free product. Equitable access is really important here we take it really seriously. So, we’ll keep an eye on and if you have any specific feedbacks from where you heard that we’ll take a follow-up and talk with them, as well.

Terrific. Thanks guys.

Just Ritu, on what we're seeing from prescription to drug filled., we mentioned that’s in the script as well that we've already achieved our goal for the 6-month mark which was bringing that down from 60 days to 30 days. So things are very much working in the system for us right now.

Okay. Wonderful that is.

Great. Marvin, next question please.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from line of Jon Wolleben of JMP. Your line is now open.

Thank you for taking my question. This is Catherine on for Jon. I just had a question about how payers are currently handling those patients are already on GLP therapies or want to go on GLP therapy and Rezdiffra? Are you seeing any issues there? And how this is informed sort of what will happen if Wegovy is approved for NASH, as well.

Yes, so look, I think, what we are seeing, we haven’t – we currently believe that about - from our estimations about 25% of patients that are on Rezdiffra are also on a GLP-1 and that GLP-1 has been prescribed for a comorbidity, right? And the indications that GLP-1s are indicated for. Now, we've done some market research, which could suggest that, up to 50% of patients are either on or have been exposed already to a GLP-1. So, we expect to see GLP-1s continue to be used to treat comorbidities. And I think as you're getting to kind of the real world here when a physician has a patient who has NASH. They may be on or they may have been on a GLP-1, but if they are an F2, F3, patient, they're evaluating if therapy is required to treat that problem. And that's where they're reaching for Rezdiffra, regardless of whether the patient has been exposed or not. So, how much of a glimpse to the future does that give us? Not so sure, but what it would say is that, if the market research is correct that 50% of patients are on or been exposed, if they are out there already being used and there's still a lot of patients with NASH, despite the availability of them for many years. So, we feel like, we're in a strong position. I think that it is two very different things, you're evaluating. If you are evaluating somebody for obesity versus you are evaluating somebody for NASH and we're extremely well positioned for that.

Thanks, Bill.

Marvin, next question please.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from Andy Chen of Wolfe. Your line is now open.

Hi. This is [Indiscernible] on for Andy. Thanks for taking our question and congrats on the quarter. Just following up on a question asked about utilization of the free drug program. Are you able to provide a split across BRIDGE versus PATH? And then, another question from us is, just your recent patient campaign in September raised a lot of awareness. Can you speculate on whether they can be converted to Q4 revenue or Q1 revenue? Thank you.

Great. Thanks for the question. Now, look, with the legalization of BRIDGE and PATH, so let me just provide a little perspective first. We do have a BRIDGE program for commercially insured patients if we have the option to send them product in the interim period, while their reimbursement is being finalized with the insurer. As I’ve said in the past, you don’t – you have to decide when you want to use the BRIDGE program,. You may not come under the gates using one. In this case, since there's such assurance now, of a path to reimbursement would have 80% of commercial lives covered, it is a good time to have a BRIDGE program. And, this way, we don't want to have a patient delayed in getting product, well, insurance is being worked out. So if we have the offered the patients the ability to start while insurance is being worked out. And this utilization of that program, I wouldn't call it broad at this point. From a free goods perspective, again, we said there were very few free goods patients in the quarter and that’s similar to what we said last quarter very few free goods patients. So to me, that’s an indicator that coverage is very strong. And that patients are finding a path to product without relying on PATH. However, it is available people are using and we would expect in time that that number is going to increase. But let me be clear about the patients that we have on this is a really strong demand quarter. There is very few free patients and we are really, really excited about it. Now you asked a question about some of the patients work that’s been done, the patient campaign and now there seems to be a lot of interest for that ultimately turning to Q4. Now a lot of what you have to do in a launch is drive awareness. It’s the first step to patients taking action or physicians being comfortable and knowledgeable and ultimately taking action. So, yeah, we did see, we have seen so far positive response to our efforts to directly reach out the patients with our DTC efforts. How much of that translates into future demand? Well, our hope obviously is that it plays a role in itself that is a piece of it. You still need to have the practices ready that they have their pathway to bring patients through in along through everything from diagnosis through to prescription and fulfilment –and fulfilment of prescription and follow-up. So it an important component. But I would consider a piece of the full effort that we're making rather than, a standalone.

Great. Thank you so much.

Marvin Thanks for the question, Marvin. Next question, please.

Marvin, next question please.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Prakhar Agrawal of Cantor Fitzgerald. Your line is now open.

Hi, Prakhar Agrwal from Cantor. Congrats on the great quarter. So maybe my first question is, if you can comment on the month-on - month-over-month patient adds seen in 3Q? And whether you saw a lot of adds in July and more steadier adds in August, September. The reason I'm asking is, a linear patient add in 3Q would imply a lower sales number assuming inventories at the low end. So just trying to reconcile the patient growth seen throughout 3Q and the revenue number. And as a follow-up, would you expect similar sequential growth on new patient adds in 4Q or would there be some moderation given the month-on-month trends been intriguing. Thank you and congrats again.

Yes, thanks, Prakhar. Look, we are steadily adding patients and prescribers and that continued pretty consistently through the summer and even as we look ahead to October. We are very pleased with the uptake. And we only at each day, each week, each month, we are adding and you get the cumulative effect of that. So, not going to give specifics on a per month, because, it can be a little noisy from a month-to-month. We are looking at from a quarter perspective. What you are seeing is the cumulative effect of all those things. Really strong quarterly growth. So, that’s what we had in the third quarter and as we move into the fourth quarter, that dynamics remain.

Okay.

Yeah, Prakhar, I would just add that Bill addressed the fourth quarter during the script, if you want to go back and listen to that.

Great. Marvin next question please.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of [Indiscernible] Luker of Goldman Sachs. Your line is now open.

Good morning. Thanks so much for taking the question and congratulations on the quarter. Bill, you've mentioned this or maybe referred to this a couple times here, but in terms of the specialty drug analogs or benchmarks that you're looking at, wondering if you're willing to maybe provide a little bit more specifics there as to which one specifically, as we think about the forward trajectory? And then with - update here on how update has been going across your herpetologists versus your gastroenterologist. In your last quarter, the latter had been a key point of focus, as they are the majority of the prescribers here. But how is that been going. Thank you so much.

Great. Thanks for the question. So, look, these are the group of around 10 over the last 10 years that I mentioned. These are just – these are all blockbuster specialty medicines. They tend to be first-in-class first into these medicines and high unmet need areas. That’s about all we’ll give for now. But I think you can see with our results, strong results and we're saying that we're performing well against the benchmarks and our own internal metrics. I think we picked the right steps – I think we picked the right comparatives and I think that we are really holding a high bar for ourselves. And the things that we brought on board is not here it’s for a hobby. They're here to win. They're here to create a market and have a product being Rezdiffra. We looked at it as amongst one of the best launches in the industry. So, we have our high - we have our goal set, really, really high. And the team as you can see, I think has done a remarkable job especially if you think about where we were 12 months ago. Well, actually it’s where we were in January, which isn't even 12 months ago, when we had not even a commercial team in place looks significance and what we've been able to do in that short period of time. So, yeah, I have to say, we’ve been involved in a lot of launches, been involved in a lot of outstanding launches. We're doing a great job with this this launch, which one at the top of the pile. So just a little bit of commentary there. So a little bit about Heps and GI I would say, similar to what I said in the last quarter, but obviously progressed…

Great.

Marvin, next question, please.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of [Indiscernible] Your line is now open.

Hi. Thanks for the question. I have sort of two types of questions. One is US based and one Europe. So first, US related questions. Can you give us a little more color on the gross to net? Mardi, I know you said it was favorable and would be choppy, but where did we land at this quarter? Any color on sort of discontinuation rate thus far that you're seeing? And then, as you think about Semaglutide, and assuming that data is positive, do you expect any changes in gross to net as a result of that? And then, for Europe, could you give us, kind of a lens on - from the same kind of way you look at the US market, you had kind of diagnosed patients and then the ones with significant fibrosis in care. Could you provide, those kinds of numbers for Europe. Thank you.

Okay. Great. Maybe, what I’ll do, let me start with Europe.

Yes.

And then, we’ll move on back to gross to net. So, first of all, Lisa, thank you for the questions. Europe, it's kind of interesting Europe, I would say is ahead of the US versus where we were a year ago. They had the benefit of knowing that a product was approved for NASH. And as a result, they are planning for success that the product will get approved in Europe. And so they're taking more actions. As I said, over the past calls and meetings that when physicians told us here that they hadn't really taken steps in advance of approval to kind of wire their systems so to speak. They meant it. I mean, with the except of a few practices, it wasn’t until March 14th that they said they are thinking about how they can process patients. Now US will be different in that they see the success in the US of an approval. They plan for it. And I think the first indicator of that was the EASL guidelines that came out essentially a year, a year plus in advance of approval anticipating that if approved Rezdiffra this is how it would fit into the treatment regimen. So, we feel that they are really in good shape. Now, look, we are getting started a little bit later obviously in Europe than we did in the US. We had a medical team that’s been over there for years now. But we are just starting those efforts and we're going to do it in a very, very targeted way. The reason that we are going is NASH is prevalent in Europe. And this patients numbers there that we think, are approximate the US opportunity from the number F2, F3 patients that are most in need. As we get closer to launch, we are going to come back and give a little bit more an assessment of what could patient numbers look like exactly who the targets are et cetera and be able to give you a little bit better idea. We're well on the way we're hiring leadership. But we are doing some very, very focused diligent manner. We are planning for success. We think that Europe still will recognize value. We've seen that in other launches as when I said recognize innovation. So, that’s how we are progressing that’s why we're going there. So maybe, Mardi, do you want to take up the US gross to net?

Yes, absolutely. And thanks for the question, Lisa and you're right. Gross to net can be choppy, particularly in these early quarters of launch. And as we look for the gross to net, we do expect some additional impacts as we’ve already said. So, a lot of the biggest factors in our gross to net right now is the gross to co-pay assistance program. And as we said that that was slightly lower again this quarter in our own expectations. And we do want that to grow with where you described. We think that benefits the patients and keeps more patients on drug looking forward. So we will see some growth there in the co-pay assistance. I can’t comment on 2025, of course and we anticipate that that we’ll see typical Q1 dynamics with gross to net including insurance reops, plan changes, et cetera. So we, like other pharma companies, we expect an impact on the IRA as well on that Q1 2025 gross to net. So bottom-line gross to net set up in Q1 2025, but still within the range of like specialty medicines. And just to answer your question, specifically about SEMA and the potential impact in gross to net if SEMA is approved in NASH. I’ll go back and say that we really believe that our gross to net will stay within the range that is difficult for specialty medicines.

And basically SEMA has – both persistency and discontinuations. Look, it’s still pretty early, but everything that we are seeing so far gives us a reason to believe that persistency is going to be strong for this product it will tend to look like good oral persistency. The one thing again discontinuations, yes there had been discontinuations like with any product have some. That’s we are presenting the net number of patients that were on drug at the end of the quarter the 6,800, right so. That’s net of everything. But we are really optimistic we think – we fund the clinical trials discontinuation was really low. And we really think persistency is going to be strong. It’s the strong profile of drug, I mean you've heard me say in the past, like this is in It's kind of my career this is kind of a holy grail profile. Everyone wants a pill that’s once-a-day, that’s once-a-day and we've had patients say that hearing what this solution beyond anything gave them hope that there was a path forward and we've heard that from a number of patients. And we think that that in itself was a really good sign.

Sure. Thanks, pal.

Marvin, next question, please.

Thank you.. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Jay Olson of Oppenheimer. Your line is now open.

Well, hey congrats on all the progress and thank you for taking our questions. Can you talk about the event rate in MAESTRO-NASH? And how is that rate tracking versus your expectations? And the importance of fibrosis improvement for driving a clinical outcomes benefit for Rezdiffra. And then, also your expectations for the fibrosis improvement end-point in the Essence trial? Thank you.

Thank you, Jay. There's a lot there to try to answer. Let me let me start with Essence. I'll work backwards. We're not sure we haven't seen the data we don't know as I said there's a few questions that we're going to want to understand. Top-line results, as I said don't always translate into labels very well. There's the – what you present versus what’s the regulatory standard they are going to be helped when it to becomes labeling. So, we'll ask what the intent to treat population look like? How are discontinuations categorized or handled? And also, what happens from a dosing perspective and how new patients got to top dose? Not sure what it's going to look like, right. So I think, we hear that it’s going to be in the coming weeks anyways that we’ll getting the answers. So, look, regardless of what the results show, we are in a really strong position. We have a just the product profile as I said very strong product profile. We've got a lot of patients that are on drug, a lot a lot of physicians that are using the drug and that momentum is picking up. So, regardless of how that we feel like we are in strong space and as I said, we talked about on the call. And we know that there's going to be a real effort by any new entrants to try to drive the size of the market and number of patients that are prescribed and so forth. And we are in a position to benefit from that as well. Regarding the other trials that are ongoing, we haven’t commented and we are not going to be able to comment on what the rates look like. This is an ongoing trial and we will continue to monitor, part of – if you think about the OUTCOMES trial and I am saying this – psoriasis pardon me cirrhosis, all habit, the cirrhosis OUTCOMES trial, we had to think about what would event rates look like. And since this is really not so well an understood population, with the best measures that we could around us to try to understand what that would look like. And as I said, I think this trial is going to really help educate the community on that psoriasis population about what event rates do look like and so forth. So, we are anxiously awaiting as we have more data, we’ll obviously – we are not going to give a running update of the trial, but now that we are fully enrolled, roll ups, we are excited to be monitoring the trial and seeing what the outcomes look like in that ’27 timeframe.

Great. Thanks, Bill. Marvin, it’s time for one more question please if you could queue for that.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Thomas Smith of Leerink Partners. Your line is now open.

Hey guys. Good morning. Thanks for taking the questions and let me add my congrats on the nice launch quarter. Wanted to ask whether you have any visibility into early patient persistence and default rates. I know it’s still early days, but you are clearly continuing to drive new patient adds. And I am just wondering if you are able to put any numbers around persistence or do you have a sense of when you’ll be able to quantify that? And then, just separately with respect to business development, yeah, having brought Charlton on board, I think it’s pretty notable. Could you just speak to how you are thinking about BD from here and potentially building out a pipeline beyond Rezdiffra, any conference on stage of development as you are potentially evaluating some of these opportunities? Thanks so much.

Thanks for the question. Yeah, with persistence, as we've said a little bit earlier, it's early. We're only seven months or so into the launch. But what we've seen so far, we're optimistic about. I think we need to get half to 12 month mark to be able to, at least start looking at cohorts and even managing with the growing number of patients. even from the beginning, there's, going to be very that have been on for 12 months – after 12 months market, you are going to get to the 18 months as a number of sample of patients who really be able to say. But we are really optimistic about it based on clinical trials and what we are seeing in the real world already. From a BD perspective, thanks for the question, look, what we've said is we want to build a pipelines and our focus is really in NASH. And what are we looking at? Hey, we look at everything and one of the things that I think is always a measure of leadership in this space is inbound, calls that you get, both people wanting to talk to you because you are the leader. And, that's clearly something that we're experiencing already. I think anyone who has a NASH product that they're looking at, and have an interest in partnership and so forth is certainly going to reach out to us. From stage perspective, we’ll look at across the gamut. We have the advantage of we are in the leadership position now we have what we believe is the foundational therapy, with Rezdiffra. Rezdiffra alone is a fantastic product. But we are going to look for opportunities that next best mechanism of action or what would potentially be a good combination et cetera. And we have deep, deep, deep experience in this space. So we feel like we're in a good position to make the call of what would be the right product to add to the portfolio product or product. And we are going to do so in a very thoughtful way and make sure we pick something that’s truly is the right thing for us. So, we’ll continue to evaluate and when we see something that's right, that is actionable. Then we’ll consider moving forward to that. But, let me just be perfectly clear, what our stated intent is, is to be the leading NASH company in the industry period. That has a short, medium, and long-term sight to us. And we feel we are well underway, especially when we see how strong a start we are off to.

Great. Thanks, Bill and thank you all for your time today and your interest. We're going to conclude the call. A replay of this webcast will be available on our website in about two hours. So, thank you for joining us.

Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for your participation in today’s conference. You may now disconnect. Have a wonderful day.