Michael Lawless
Analyst · H.C. Wainwright
Thank you, Larry. Before I review the results of the quarter, I want to remind everyone that our first quarter GAAP results reflect amortization of intangible assets resulting from the purchase price allocation for the acquisition of AlterG, transaction-related expenses and credits and integration and rebranding expenses, which can obscure investors visibility into the underlying operational performance of Lifeward.
In order to facilitate the understanding of both the GAAP results and the operational results of Lifeward, I'm going to discuss Q1 '24 on both a GAAP and a non-GAAP basis, which excludes the items listed in the reconciliation table provided in today's earnings release, and I encourage you to reference these tables as I discuss the financials.
Lifeward reported revenue of $5.3 million in the first quarter of 2024 compared to $1.2 million in the first quarter of 2023, up $4.1 million or 340%. The Revenue from the sale of ReWalk systems was $2.2 million in Q1 '24, up $1.3 million from Q1 '23, driven by the Medicare approvals. Revenue from AlterG was $2.8 million in the quarter, which was below our expectation due to the temporary impact of the Q1 '24 integration and training of the former ReWalk and AlterG commercial teams, which resulted in reduced sales capacity in the quarter.
Fortunately, these activities were completed in Q1 '24, and we have experienced improved sales effectiveness and productivity thus far in Q2 '24 compared to the prior quarter. Other revenue, consisting primarily of sales of MyoCycles was $0.3 million, up $0.1 million from Q1 '23. I'd like to discuss 2 issues which affect our revenue recognition for sales of ReWalk systems to Medicare beneficiaries and which also helps you to interpret the financial results.
First, in order for us to submit a Medicare claim for payment, the ReWalk system must be delivered and the Medicare beneficiary takes ownership. Typically, this completes the performance obligation and satisfies revenue recognition requirements. However, for the first 35 Medicare systems we provided, we did not initially recognize any revenue because we did not know which claims would eventually be approved nor did we know the final payment amount.
More recently, with Medicare establishing a payment and a track record of Medicare claims approvals, we now have enough information to recognize Medicare revenue upon delivery of the system. As a result, in Q1 '24, we took revenue on the units that we had previously provided to customers in which we're in service by applying a discount factor to the Medicare revenue, assuming that a percentage of the claims may not eventually be approved. As the volume of claims that are processed continues to grow, we will monitor our ongoing approval rate and adjust the discount factor as needed to reflect our experience. There are a couple of implications for our financials that I want to point out.
First, since we are recognizing only a portion of the Medicare revenue about 100% of the product cost, this revenue methodology serves to initially reduce our gross margins by the amount of revenue we are reserving. Second, there is a portion of revenue from these sales, which we can later recognize when the claim is eventually approved, thereby recognizing the full amount owed by Medicare.
In total, if all the prior Medicare claims that we recognized in Q1 are later approved, we can recognize an additional, approximately $300,000 of revenue with no corresponding cost of sales. In future quarters, we expect that the initial lower margins on the new Medicare claims submitted will be supplemented by the additional revenue recognized for the approved claims from prior quarters.
Second, there's another factor that affects our ability to recognize revenue, and that is the status of each customer's supplemental insurance. To review, Medicare covers 80% of the cost of goods and services it improves. The other 20% is the out-of-pocket paid by the Medicare beneficiary who may have supplemental insurance.
Since we have no claims approval history with the supplemental insurance, our revenue policy will be conservative and we will recognize revenue for the remaining 20% of the transaction value only upon payment from the supplemental insurance provider. The final implications of this are the same as the ones for the Medicare revenue that I described earlier.
Initially, our gross margins are reduced by the revenue not recognized by the supplemental insurance payments. However, we have an additional approximately $400,000 of revenue that we could recognize in future quarters as supplemental insurers pay claims. Taking together these 2 factors, in Q1 '24, we have reserved approximately $700,000 of revenue pending approval of claims by Medicare and supplemental insurance, and this affects our gross margin in Q1 '24 by approximately 8 percentage points.
Moving to pipeline. Our pipeline metrics showed improvement in the first quarter across our 2 major product lines. For ReWalk systems, the current pipeline of active rentals consists of 32 cases which is up 8 from last quarter and is broken down with 24 in Germany, 6 in VA hospitals and 2 with self-pay individuals. As of the end of Q1 '24, our overall number of ReWalk cases in process was 91 with 54 in Germany and 37 in the U.S., many of which are for Medicare beneficiaries.
For AlterG systems, we ended Q1 '24 with orders of 68 AlterG systems in backlog. This is up 22 units from the Q4 '23 backlog level. The higher AlterG backlog, combined with an improved pace of new leads and bookings so far this quarter gives us confidence in improved sales performance for AlterG Systems in Q2 '24.
Moving to gross profit. In the first quarter of 2024, our GAAP gross profit was $1.4 million or 26.4% of revenue compared to $0.6 million or 46.4% of revenue in the first quarter of 2023. On a non-GAAP basis, which excludes the items listed in the attached non-GAAP reconciliation table, non-GAAP gross profit was $1.8 million or 33.7% of revenue in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to 46.2% for the first quarter of 2023. There are 2 primary drivers which adversely affected gross margin in Q1.
First, the low volume of AlterG revenue caused by the temporary impact of the integration and training of the former ReWalk and AlterG commercial teams contributed to lower absorption of production and overhead costs in our factory. The impact of this was approximately 4 percentage points of margin in Q1. The second major factor was the initial revenue recognition that we applied to the Medicare claims that I previously discussed.
As I described, if we had not reserved for the potential for some of these claims to be denied, we could have achieved up to an additional 8 points of gross margin. Taken together, these 2 factors contributed up to 12 percentage points of margin impact in Q1 '24. It's important to recognize that this revenue and margin is not permanently excluded from our results. Importantly, as claims are approved, we will recognize this income in future periods.
Operating expenses. GAAP operating expenses were $7.9 million in the first quarter of 2024, up $3.0 million or 60% as compared to $4.9 million in Q1 '23. On a non-GAAP basis, which excludes the items listed in the attached non-GAAP reconciliation table, adjusted operating expenses were $7.3 million in Q1 '24 as compared to $4.5 million in Q1 '23, a $2.8 million increase. The primary driver of this increase is the additional headcount from the acquisition of AlterG and the build-out of our commercial resources. We expect Q1 '24 to have the highest operating expense level for 2024 due to activities related to the integration and training of the commercial team, seasonal factors and the phasing in of additional acquisition savings in future quarters.
Our GAAP operating loss for the first quarter of 2024 was $6.5 million compared to an operating loss of $4.3 million in the first quarter of 2023. On a non-GAAP basis, which excludes the items listed in the non-GAAP reconciliation table, the operating loss was $5.5 million in Q1 '24 compared to $3.9 million in Q1 '23. The operating loss was affected by the same factors I described in the reduced gross margin.
As Larry described, we expect our quarterly non-GAAP operating loss to narrow considerably as we move through the year as our sales volume ramps up. We ended the quarter with $20.7 million in cash and equivalents and no debt. Our cash usage in Q1 was $7.7 million, which was higher than expected. The first quarter of each year traditionally consumes the highest amount of cash because of payouts of variable compensation, annual payments for insurance policies and seasonally higher sales and promotional spending.
This past quarter, there were additional factors, including the lower gross margin I described earlier, the timing of revenue recognition and receivables collection, severance payments and fluctuations in our working capital. We expect that a portion of the overage from Q1 should be recovered as we move through the year as our sales volume ramps up, gross margins improve and working capital fluctuations normalize.
Now I'd like to discuss financial guidance. As we stated at the beginning of the year, we expect full year revenue of $28 million to $32 million, which we continue to believe is an appropriate range. The quarterly revenue should build through the year based on the increasing contribution from Medicare and sales of the AlterG product line, which will be augmented by a new product introduction in mid-2024.
With that, I'll turn the call back to Larry for further remarks.