Good day, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the Ingredion Incorporated Fourth Quarter 2023 Earnings Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speakers' presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to your host today, Noah Weiss, Vice President of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Good morning, and welcome to Ingredion's Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2023 Earnings Call. I'm Noah Weiss, Vice President, Investor Relations. Joining me today, on today's call are Jim Zallie, Vice President and CEO; and Jim Gray, our Executive Vice President and CFO. The press release we issued today as well as the presentation we will reference for our fourth quarter and full year results can be found on our website, ingredion.com, in the Investors section. As a reminder, our comments within the presentation may contain forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties and include expectations and assumptions regarding the Company's future operations and financial performance. Actual results could differ materially from those estimated in the forward-looking statements, and Ingredion assumes no obligation to update them in the future as or if circumstances change. Additional information concerning factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed during today's call or in this morning's press release can be found in the Company's most recently filed Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequent reports on Form 10-Q and 8-K. During this call, we will also refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures, including adjusted earnings per share, adjusted operating income and adjusted effective tax rate, which are reconciled to U.S. GAAP measures in Note 2 non-GAAP information included in our press release and in today's presentation's appendix. With that, I will turn the call over to Jim Zallie.

Thank you, Noah, and good morning, everyone. Our business performed exceptionally well in 2023, surpassing several key financial records with solid net sales, very strong profitability and robust cash flow, as well as outstanding Company performance across safety, environmental and importantly, service delivery. For the full year, we increased our net sales 3% and our adjusted operating income by 23% as we managed raw material volatility and took pricing actions and proactive cost saving measures. As we look ahead to 2024, we are well-positioned to deliver further financial growth on top of 2023's remarkably strong results, and are confident that our new segmentation will better align our resources and capabilities with customers' needs to realize further growth opportunities. Let me update you now on progress against our four strategic pillars. Beginning with specialty ingredients, full year net sales grew by 4% and specialty growth contributed to gross margin expansion. At the end of 2023, specialty ingredients represented 34% of consolidated net sales. Performance highlights included food systems, driven by strong private label demand and pharma and personal care, driven by continued wellness trends, each demonstrating strong topline growth for 2023. Turning to commercial excellence. Throughout the year, our technical service teams engaged regularly with customers to co-create and provide the best ingredient solutions for their application. We were pleased to see a 26% increase in customer engagements, both in person at our Idea Labs and virtually through our digital connect studios. We believe this demonstrates a recognition by our customers, not only of our capabilities, but also their need to innovate to drive volume growth. We also advanced our go-to-market capabilities through global training and consultative selling, with a focus on consumer trends that continually drive our business, including protein and fiber fortification, clean labeling and sugar reduction. By giving…

Thank you, Jim, and good morning to everyone. Moving to our income statement. While net sales of approximately $2 billion were down 3% for the quarter versus prior year. Gross profit dollars grew 14%, with gross margins greater than 20% again this quarter. Reported and adjusted operating income were $202 million and $203 million respectively. The increases were driven by lower input costs and favorable price mix, partially offset by lower volumes. For the fourth quarter, it is worth noting that South America growth was driven primarily by favorable foreign exchange impacts and strong performance in our Argentina JV. That said, our Q4 JV results lag one month in financial reporting, so the devaluation of the peso will impact our quarter one, 2024 outlook, which I will comment on later. Our fourth quarter reported and adjusted earnings per share were $1.97 for the period, each up more than 15% from the prior year. Turning to our Q4 net sales bridge. The 3% decrease in net sales was driven by $148 million in lower volumes, partially offset by price mix of $63 million along with a positive foreign exchange impact of [$19 million] (ph). I would like to comment on volume trends in the quarter. Here we show a volume index based upon our 2019 quarterly shipment averages, which excludes high fructose corn syrup and adjust for changes in the portfolio since 2019. This graph illustrates the extraordinary volume demand in 2021 and 2022 and reaction to constrained supply chains globally. In the middle quarters of 2023, we experienced a drop in orders as customers drew down inventories, primarily in our texture products. We have seen a gradual increase in order volumes through November. In December, order volumes slowed, representing two-thirds of the fourth quarter's sales volume decline as customers anticipated…

Thanks, Jim. We delivered a record year in 2023 with strong profit growth and year-over-year gross margin expansion, and we generated record cash from operations of over $1 billion and we invested prudently in our strategic priorities. We believe that the customer inventory correction that started back in the first quarter of 2023 has largely run its course, and we are well-positioned to capture incremental volume opportunities as they arise in 2024. It is with this backdrop that we enter 2024 with a view to continued profit growth reflecting greater volume demand along with a focus on cost savings and operational excellence. We remain confident in our long-term growth targets and our ability to create value for shareholders. Before closing, let me take a moment to highlight the transformational journey that Ingredion has been on. As you may know, Ingredion has been providing customers with ingredients and solutions for more than a century, and we have successfully adapted to changing market conditions throughout our history, and we continually position ourselves for long-term success as market conditions and consumer trends change. This time is no different. As a natural outgrowth to our transformation, we announced last November plans to reorganize our business operations, which will result in a change to our reportable business segments. Texture and Healthful Solutions will have a global mandate, while our Food and Industrial Ingredients businesses will have a regional and local focus. The new structure creates greater transparency into our product capabilities, aligns our commercial teams to serve customers better, and provides greater insight to shareholders. We believe this move is the next logical step in a long history of adapting to changing market conditions in the pursuit of long-term growth. Now, let's open the call for questions.

[Operator Instructions] Our first question will come from the line of Ben Bienvenu with Stephens.

Hi, good morning everybody.

Good morning, Ben.

As it relates to the South Korea business divestiture, I'm curious, any thoughts you can provide on potential use of proceeds that doesn't seem to be considered in the guidance for this year? So obviously, we're capturing the dilution, but not the potential returns associated with putting that sale proceeds to work in the business. So, maybe any framing around that that you can offer would be helpful?

Sure. Hi, Ben, this is Jim Gray. First, obviously, we always look at where our shares are valued and we always have in at least the middle of our mind, if not the back of our mind share repurchase. And with a forward view of what we believe our intrinsic value is for the Company. I'd also say though and just highlight that the M&A landscape has been one where it's been, I think, a little bit challenging in the last 2023, maybe part of 2022, at least for private equity, as risk free rates rose. There's also been kind of globally, when you look at some ingredients companies, flavor and fragrance companies, multiples have come down. And as a strategic buyer, following our refresh strategy, we are continuing to look at where are there opportunities where we can look at M&A and deploy monies prudently, but and do so in a way that accelerates our strategy in ingredient solutions. And so, you can never kind of guarantee that a deal is going to get done, but we have a pipeline that we continue to pursue.

Yes. I mean, our first priority always is with capital to invest in organic capital for growth and obviously, maintain our plant assets, so they run with liability and efficiently. As Jim talked about, second to that would be our dividend, the focus on our dividend. And third, would be the use for M&A to grow our Textured and Healthful Solutions businesses. And we have a very, as we always do, active M&A pipeline. But Ingredion, over time, has always remained disciplined. And for those acquisitions we have made, we've integrated them very well and delivered on the business case. And also, it's noteworthy that the price that we got for the Korea business, which is primarily a core business, where, Jim, I think about a third of that volume was dedicated to high fructose corn syrup, was above our trading multiple from a PE standpoint. So, we feel very good about it, and we think it's the right thing to do for our portfolio, and we'll use the proceeds wisely.

Okay, very good. My second question is on the cost outlay for this year, and in particular raw material costs, corn, I'm wondering, are you hedged this year on your gross corn similar to how you were in 2023? Should we expect a uniform outlay of hedge exposure throughout the year? And then, on the co-products, are you hedged similar this year as you were last year? Help us understand the framework around your cost hedging for 2024.

Sure, sure. Yes, we are following the same discipline with regard to our U.S. Canada Business in that hedging upwards of kind of 80% or more of our gross corn purchase expectation and hedging almost towards 50% of our co-product values that we expect from the sale of our co-products. I would just say that when you look at the layout of corn, you had a declining corn futures market in 2023. So, any hedges that we're placing towards the end of the year, we're obviously going to be reflecting a little bit less in terms of the cost of corn. As you now look forward into 2024, you still have somewhat of a decline in the quarter-over-quarter comparison. So, that lower corn cost, even though it's hedged, as long with the co-product values, it's going to show up more so in Q1 versus Q4 of 2023, Q2 of 2024 will be slightly better than Q1 of 2024, etcetera. So, that kind of goes to my comment on the layout of the corn. You should see corn cost, corn deflation helping us with margins, helping us with COGS as we get into Q2, Q3, Q4.

Okay. Thanks so much.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Andrew Strelzik with BMO Capital Markets.

Hi, good morning. Thanks for taking the question.

Hi, Andrew.

Hi. I was hoping you could elaborate a little bit on some of the volume dynamics that you talked about, the shift out of December, is there a way to kind of frame that or quantify that? And are you seeing that Jan is then stronger than you would have anticipated? Or are you just kind of back to where you thought you would be? And I guess more broadly, if you could kind of walk through what you're seeing across your end markets from a volume perspective?

Yes. Andrew, I do appreciate the question, and it's a little bit of a nuance for everyone listening. I would say that in Q3, when I was asked about what did I see as some of the potential risk to the end of the year? I always said, well, our brand Company CFOs are smart folks. They're probably going to be managing inventories at the end of the year, because it contributes to their operating cash flow. And if you're in procurement, you're looking at a lower corn cost in 2024, you're negotiating for your price of your starch, your sweetener. And you probably came out with a slightly better price in January for 2024 than what you're carrying in 2023 for us. And so, what we just saw was some of the volume pause, I'm going to call it pause on orders, because I think that's smart to do if you're in procurement, that impacted really Europe, and so that shows up in the EMEA sales volume number for Q4 had impacted North America, and that shows up in the sales volume number. So, pretty natural play of things as the year ends. So, we are seeing January volumes strong. So, I would say that it's, I don't know if it's necessarily changing our guidance, but we are very confident that December pause, there's still an underlying customer order volume demand, and that's coming through in January.

Yes. I think it played out exactly as we had indicated in the last earnings call, and we thought it was very rational behavior on the part of customers to certainly adjust working capital down, but also wait for some of the price decreases that they were anticipating that would be affected with contracts starting in January. But, we do want to emphasize that the customer inventory correction that started a year ago has largely run its course, and we don't see that as a factor as we head into this New Year.

Hi, Andrew, if I can, just to carry forward, because we had a net sales guidance of kind of up low-single-digit, but it has two parts to it. And so, I think one part is, what's the underlying volume demand, and then that's partially offset by some anticipated price mix due to lower corn as we pass through. But, maybe ask Jim to comment on what we see for volume demand in 2024.

Yes. I think with respect to packaged food volume demand, we expect an increase in unit volumes as brand and private label lap the very high unit prices that occurred, I guess over the last two years. So, we anticipate that grocery retailers will want to support consumers to bring them back to the stores, and I think we're going to see more promotions to support traffic. We also highlighted the increasing customer interactions. We're seeing many more engagements for innovation related projects that we think is a leading indicator for the need for brand innovation to drive also volume growth within the CPG space. So, we're anticipating a mid-single-digit uptick in sales volume demand for 2024, and that growth should become evident in all geographies through 2024, except perhaps, as Jim said, in Europe for the first quarter. And overall, as we guided, net sales will be flat to up low-single-digits as we expect some price mix headwinds with lower corn costs being passed through on our variable pricing contracts.

Great. That's super helpful color. I appreciate that. And then, if I could just ask about M&A and buybacks and kind of how you think about the capital deployment to the two, whether it's the South Korea proceeds or otherwise. Is there a point at which if a deal does not materialize on the M&A side that you would pivot to buybacks, is there a timeline element to this? Or I know these the timing of these things can be very unpredictable. So, I guess I'm just curious how you think about, pivoting between the two at some point if needed?

Yes. I'll let Jim, make a comment and I'll make a comment. Go ahead, Jim.

I think for Andrew and for everybody, I don't think it is an either or, right? So, right now given our balance sheet, given our cash position, if we believe that the shares are absolutely of value, then we can be executing on share repurchase. And that's not going to give us pause on what we're doing on M&A.

Yes, I mean, we will always disciplined, of course, and look at every deal prospect critically for the synergies. But now, what has happened this past year is we went through a full year lengthy strategy refresh using, some of you may know the play-to-win framework, and so we're very clear about our winning aspiration. We're very clear about where to play and how to win. And we will be supporting the strategy with M&A and organic investments as well. And we do have, I will say, we do have some pretty big organic investments that we're excited about that we want to pursue as well.

Okay. That makes perfect sense. Thank you very much.

Thank you. Our next question will come from the line of Ben Theurer with Barclays.

Hi, yes. Good morning, Jim and Jim. Thank you very much for taking my question. I wanted to ask about the new operating structure and the reorganization of it and the benefits as you play this out. Can you share maybe a few examples of how this is going to help you with your customers globally, particularly in the Texture and Healthful Solutions segment that you pointed out is going to be managed on a global way, in order to potentially drive volume or profitability, what is it would you hope from the new operational structure, that would be my first question?

Yes. I think, Ben, that the pivot towards a more global focus on Texture and Helpful Solutions, first of all, we believe that there is an exciting opportunity ahead for Ingredion to work with customers, to influence their understanding and our collective understanding of how Texture impacts overall liking and consumer preference analogous to flavors. And we've been saying for a while, but we really believe that. So, we've invested in consumer insights and sensory capabilities, and also now Texture measurement science capabilities, so that we can correlate that. On the Healthful Solutions side, our focus is very clear. It is on sugar reduction, which has a large total addressable market protein and fiber fortification. Those are our platforms for Healthful Solutions. And it is with that focus, which are driven by global trends and have universal value propositions for all customers globally, we think that just lends itself to a global approach. Ingredion, for the longest time, has been very regionally organized, and that has served us very well from a standpoint of regional accountability for P&Ls and delivering results. We believe that what we have done in the last, say, five years, where we have, for efficiency purposes, for effectiveness purposes, stood up a global business services organization, for example, shared services with finance, are some of our marketing functions and HR functions are now globalized in support of more of a global business model. We couldn't have done what we're about to embark on five years ago, because we had to build the capabilities, but we've built those muscles from a standpoint of back office, shared service, global business operations, and by the way, the most important move that we made was globalizing operations. And I can tell you, and what you're seeing in our results are the benefits of moving to that global operations model. Some of the things we talked about in relationship to our net promoter scores, the service enhancements, the benefits in procurement that we're getting, the safety results, that operational excellence focus on a global basis with benchmarking best practice is serving us very well. So, it allows for the commercial organization in Texture and Healthful Solutions to focus much more time and be much more intimate with customers to really understand their brands and what they need from us as a co-creation partner. So, we are looking at adjusting KPIs and incentive schemes to drive the kind of global behavior to align with global key customers, but also share very actively where consumer buying behavior is going to change. There's a lot of questions about how consumer buying behavior is likely to change with a lot of things that are going on in the food industry right now, and we think being organized the way we are moving will serve us very well to be much more intimate with customers.

Very clear. Thank you very much, Jim. And then just one question related to the guidance, if you could maybe help us understand and frame a little bit the impact of the Korea divestiture kind of from top to bottom. We got obviously the impact on the operating income side and on EPS, but could you potentially quantify what the impact is more or less on topline as well just that we can frame that better in our modeling exercises? Thank you.

Yes, sure. Say, for the full year 2023, South Korea delivered about $325 million of net sales, so unaudited, but it's about the range. And then if you're looking at kind of an approximation for the adjusted Op income, the effective the net of the effective tax rate, it was probably more in the teens. So, if you take EPS times our shares outstanding and you're trying to get to an adjusted Op income, I'd say that adjusted Op income range was in the kind of the low 30s, in terms of what to look at in terms of 2023 contributions.

Okay, perfect. Thank you very much, Jim.

You got it.

Our next question comes from the line of Kristen Owen with Oppenheimer. Kristen, your line is now open.

Hi, there, good morning.

Sorry about that guys. Wanted to follow-up also with a modeling question to start. First, just on the revaluation of the peso, the hyperinflation adjustment. Can you just help us understand the mechanics there? Is this sort of a one-time true up for all of 2023, just starting there with what the assumption is for 2024, and how the mechanics of that adjustment work?

Yes. So just when we look at whatever the balance sheet items are on our core JV and you translate that into dollars. Whenever you have an official change in the exchange rate, we have to take a one-time, hit to those values. And so, then that $15 million, is that just the balance sheet impact due to the kind of the hyperinflation treatment under GAAP that we'll be recognizing in the first quarter. So that said, so then now you look forward to 2024, still great fundamentals in the Argentina market. Sugar prices are high. Corn is relatively cheap. The attractiveness of high fructose syrup to beverage makers is very, very good. So, the Argentinean JV should probably continue to perform well in 2024. So, we'll have good underlying OI. What we just need to watch is, is with the new government, how do they look at the official rate of the peso. But you probably won't see something like what we witnessed in December, where you had a peso, official peso rate that was in the 300s it’s going to 800. So, it'll be unlikely that you'll have an additional one-time hyperinflation impact further into 2024. There may be some, but it's unlikely the degree of magnitude that we're witnessing here that we have to take in January.

Okay. That's super helpful, Jim. So, taking that into account and just thinking through all the moving pieces ‘23 to ‘24, then ‘24 to ‘25, when we look at the guide in 2024, the outlook for mid-single-digit growth in operating income coming off a very strong 2023 results. I'm just wondering how we should think about the guide in the context of your 5% to 7% operating income CAGR, that growth framework that you outlined for 2025?

Yes, sure. If I could take a crack at that, obviously, we're not kind of necessarily out here kind of reissuing kind of a four year outlook. We're still working within our four year outlook. But within 2024, look, there are some risks to the year. Obviously, there's, it's election year, we may see changes to the impact on taxes. I think we're a little bit concerned maybe on risks around stubborn food inflation, and what's the impact on consumer demand, the shape of the grocery store basket, but on the other hand, some of your peers are talking about, well, will brand companies have to use promotions or be enticed by grocers or other retailers to bring some promotions in to excite the consumer, to fill those grocery baskets back up or to maintain branded market share on shelf. If that stimulus happens, that's an opportunity for us, that’s always good for unit volumes of our customers, and we supply ingredients that support those unit volume sales. I would note that just on one thing, which is within our 2023 results, we're still absorbing a loss on plant based proteins. And so, that operating loss was just over $40 million. In addition, as the plant-based protein market had slowed down, we did recognize upwards of about $15 million of mark-to-market on inventory value for our plant-based proteins. So, that's in our numbers for 2023. So, as we look to 2024, we're going to improve upon that, and we'll improve upon that in 2025. Further in 2024, a good solid year for sugar reduction. And as we go forward into 2025, we'll still have the opportunity to take advantage of the additional capacity that we put into our Kuala Lumpur facility and drive growth there. So, I think there are some things that we're organically doing that we continue to work that are going to be builders in our operating income as we go forward.

Yes. I do think, Jim, it was helpful that you clarified about the protein fortification loss, operating loss and inventory adjustment. That $55 million total is in the 23% increase in operating income last year, and we believe that that has been taken to a low point, where we're seeing improvements heading into this year. So, that's something that we are encouraged about as well.

Really appreciate the color. I'll take the rest of my questions offline. Thank you so much.

Great. Thank you, Kristen.

[Operator Instructions] Our next question will come from the line of Josh Spector with UBS.

Yes, hi. Good morning. A quick clarification one on the guide and a question to follow. Just around the operating income side, you made the point on sales that it's excluding South Korea. Is the operating income guide up mid-single-digit excluding the South Korea impact in 2023 or is that asset based reported number?

No, it excludes it.

Okay.

Yes.

So then, I guess, organically then, you're talking about more of a high-single-digitish, operating income growth relative to volumes up low-single. So, can you kind of bridge maybe the pieces of that EBIT that gets you to that level? So, how much is volume leverage and just the movement in price cost between first quarter and the rest of the year, is that a good or bad guide for the year? Is there anything else we should be thinking about?

Yes. Well, Josh, maybe pull apart the pieces, because I don't know, maybe we've interpreted in our guide the way that you might be reading it. We looked at 2023 and that's a complete year. We've effectively sold Korea early in 2024. So we look at, well, what did Korea contribute to 2023? That contribution won't be there in 2024. So, that's kind of our new baseline. And then we issued our outlook, our guidance off of that baseline. And so, when we see adjusted operating income up in the mid-single-digits, essentially what we're counting on is a return on actual volume is going to be offset by a little bit of price pass through due to lower raw materials, but we're seeing dramatically lower corn costs and some input costs, and so the lower COGS is helping us. The additional volume will help us on our manufacturing costs. And all of those come to contribute to a fairly pretty healthy change in our gross profit. We're going to manage our OpEx tightly, and that provides us leverage to Op income.

Okay. No, understood. And yes, I guess I did that math interpretation wrong, so I understand what you're saying now. I was wondering if you could also comment on any of your trends you're seeing in customer reformulation considering that business maybe is a leading indicator around new mix or products coming out. Is there anything there to give any optimism about maybe more new product introduction, helping you guys gain share, any insights kind of on trends you could share in that regard? Thanks.

I think we see a lot of focus on food service innovation, because you're seeing still strong consumer spending and the pardon me, I'm just going -- Jim, could you take it.

I'll grab one piece, right. So, the trend obviously since 2022, 2023 carrying a little bit into 2024 still has always been around affordability, right. With obviously with the cost of ingredients going up, our customers have looked at and said, hey, where can we actually design in affordability. So, that we can now going into 2024, that's even more of a focus for some of our brand customers. And then I think what you're also seeing is like, hey, I think with the soft landing, consumers feeling not so dire about maybe the economic outcome and maybe that's just speaking from a U.S. perspective, but that some of the support behind wellness trends and some of their choices that we see in on front of pack. I think that's going to start to emerge back in 2024.

Yes. I think continued focus on helpful solutions, a lot of focus on a dynamic consumer related to continued spending for experiences and mobility and an increasing focus on return to office, lunch trade, again, those foodservice type offerings where we're very connected into the quick service restaurant trade. We're seeing a lot of activity from a standpoint of ideation and innovation there. And I think Jim, emphasized just naturally, you're going to see a lot of focus continually on affordability related to consumer debt that may be increasing and just overall affordability. I don't think you're going to see much more shrinkflation. I think that's run its course and there's been backlash. But I do think overall recipe formulation is what we're seeing a lot of the briefs that we're working with customers on.

Hi, Josh, I'd always say, look, there's an undercurrent. There's always a theme with consumers in today's world with blogs and the Internet. To think about authenticity in the ingredients and always to move towards natural, right. And so some of, I would say, is when we work on our Stevia business, just the underlying appeal to customers has always been around from nature ingredients, and everything that we make is from plants. And so, I think that is an overall trend that still supports us. And that's a mega trend and that's a long-term.

Yes. For sure, the high intensity natural sweetener space is something that we're seeing a lot of attention. Based on a lot of the news that came out in the middle and towards the end of last year with some of the studies about the high intensity artificials as well.

Thank you. Appreciate your thoughts.

Sure thing.

Our next question will come from the line of Adam Samuelson with Goldman Sachs.

Yes. Thank you. Good morning, everyone.

Hi, Adam.

Hi, Adam.

Hi. So, I guess first as I think about the bridge to 2024 and you guys have given some very helpful color. But I'm just trying to make sure I'm thinking about kind of fixed cost absorption and how the impact of volumes, what negative impact that had in 2023 as you managed through destocking and a high-single-digit decline in organic volumes. You're talking about a low-single-digit increase in volumes in 2024. Obviously, that's still well off where you would have been a couple of years ago. And I'm just trying to make sure, is there still fixed cost absorption charges embedded in the 2024 outlook? Or were you actually under shipping your own production last year, so you're planning to ship to production this year, so that you can get your capacity absorption in the right place?

Yes. It's the latter, Adam. So, I think our planning team did a really nice job looking at the decline in orders, order volume shipped in 2023. We really tried to manage the finished goods inventory ending point. So, as we look at 2024 and we see that order volume and anticipate that order volume being up. And I think like you appropriately characterized it, I think you nailed it, which is like this is not a huge bounce back. This is a gradual improvement, but we do see an improvement in 2024 on order volume versus the lows, I think, that we saw in 2023. And I think we are poised for our production to start absorbing fixed costs and fixed cost, some fixed cost absorption is part of our guide for 2024.

Okay. That's helpful. And then just coming back to the question on capital and it ties into kind of use of proceeds with Korea, I guess I'm just trying to make sense of why not at a minimum use a placeholder to allocate the cash for buyback at this juncture? It would seem like there's not much, if any buyback really assumed in the plan this year based on the average share count. And should we be thinking that, hey, there might be M&A that you're kind of balancing against? Or what would be the condition by which you wouldn't be deploying that excess cash flow and divestiture proceeds this year?

Yes. Well, obviously, we are looking at and had worked on a number of items that are in our M&A pipeline, Yes, as well as, and as I mentioned kind of earlier though, thinking about there is cash proceeds. There is a healthy cash balance in terms of where we ended the year. And so, as we look at the shares and where they're trade, that's absolutely something that's in our thinking. I don't know if we've necessarily committed to it, because we don't always know when windows are going to be open and, when we're going to be able to execute on share repurchases.

But we have proven over time, the last couple of years, that we will be opportunistic, and we will be very meaningful in relationship to making share repurchases that will be accretive.

That's right. And part of our overall capital return to shareholders.

Yes. So, I would say, you should continue to follow what we've done in the past because I think we've been very purposeful and clear about our capital allocation approach, and we will continue to do so. But with the strategy refresh, clearly, we would like to expand our toolbox of solutions capabilities for textural offerings and in those targeted areas for Healthful solutions. So, it's always a balancing act, Adam, but I think the other thing just to emphasize, as I said earlier, is we will continue to be disciplined and be good stewards of capital.

Yes. I mean, and it's not necessarily a matter of either or, right. It is, I do look at it as both, and both are somewhat dependent upon opportunity and windows. And to Jim's point, right, on M&A that's focused on our Ingredient solutions and expanding our strategy, we are disciplined in terms of getting after opportunities. You have to say that would between risk free rates and overall multiples that valuations are probably more attractive now than they have been in maybe the last five to seven years. And as a strategic buyer, I think that we look at capabilities and assets that can really help us accelerate what we want to do in Textures and in Healthful solutions.

Yes. Okay. I appreciate that color. I'll pass it on. Thanks.

Thanks, Adam.

That concludes today's question-and answer-session. I'd like to turn the call back to Jim Zallie, for closing remarks.

I want to thank everybody for joining us this morning. We look forward to seeing many of you at our upcoming investor events with the next significant engagement being CAGNY in Boca Raton on February 21. And, I want to thank you for your continued interest in Ingredion.

This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect.