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Transcript
OP
Operator
Operator
Good day and welcome to the IMAX First Quarter 2017 Conference Call. All participants are currently in a listen-only mode. Following the presentation, we will conduct a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions]. As a reminder, today’s conference is being recorded. At this time, I would like to turn the conference over to Ms. Jessica Kourakos, Senior Vice President of Global Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
JK
Jessica Kourakos
Analyst
Good afternoon and thanks for joining us on today’s first quarter 2017 earnings conference call. Joining me today in our New York office is our CEO, Rich Gelfond; our CFO, Patrick McClymont; and our Head of Entertainment, Greg Foster, who will each have prepared remarks and will be available for Q&A. Also, joining us is Rob Lister, Chief Legal Officer and Head of Business Development. Today’s conference call is being webcast in its entirety on our website. A replay of the webcast will be made available shortly after the call. In addition, the full text of our first quarter release and the slide presentation accompanying today’s call have been posted on the Investor Relations section of our website. We also provide quarter-to-date box office results on the IMAX Investor Relations website every Friday with a one week lag. We have also have an Investor Relations Twitter account using the handle @IMAX_Investors that includes this box office disclosure as well as other items that maybe of interest to the investor community. Finally, I would like to remind you of the following information regarding forward-looking statements. Our comments and answers to your questions on this call as well as the accompanying slide deck may include statements that are forward-looking and that they pertain to future results or outcomes. Actual future results or occurrences may differ materially from these forward-looking statements. Please refer to our SEC filings for a more detailed discussion of some of the factors that could affect our future results and outcomes. During today’s call, references may be made to certain non-GAAP financial measures as defined by Regulation G of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Discussion of management’s use of these measures and the definition of these measures, as well as reconciliations to adjusted net income, adjusted EPS and adjusted EBITDA as defined by our credit facility, are contained in this morning’s press release. With that, let me now turn the call over to Rich Gelfond.
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
Thanks, Jess, and thank you all for joining us today. I’ll start with a few remarks about our core business, provide you an update on our new initiatives, and then pass it over to Greg and Patrick for more details around our results. We believe IMAX has undergone a remarkable evolution over the last several years, and network of over 1,100 commercial theatres now span 75 countries around the world, and that is not including the 500-plus theaters we currently have in backlog. And on the heels of record signings in 2016, our year-to-date 2017 momentum is showing no evidence of slowing down. We signed agreements for 38 new theaters in Q1 and have already seen an additional 65 signings so far in Q2 as a result of two strategic deals from Omnijoi in China and ODEON in Europe. That brings our year-to-date signings to 104 theaters, just four months into the year. This has definitely exceeded the expectations we had coming into the year. Not only has the volume of signings been impressive, but the diversity of signings from a geographical standpoint has also been great. We’ve signed agreements across the U.S., China, Europe, and India, underscoring the strength of our global momentum over the past 18 months. I would like to highlight a few of our recent deals, starting with an 11-theatre agreement, we announced with Regal in January, which also came with a two-year extension of our lease terms across all of our Regal theaters, both new and existing. As a result, the leases on our first Regal theaters do not begin to expire till 2021. Also by the time our Regal theaters begin to come up with renewal, our commercial laser products will be available. Omnijoi also marks another strategically significant deal. As a result of…
GF
Greg Foster
Analyst
Thanks, Rich. As I mentioned on our call in February, we certainly have a lot to look forward to this year. In Q1, we delivered $212 million in global box office, 65% of that coming internationally. Specifically, $75 million came from the domestic market, $70 million from Greater China, and $67 million from other international locations. Our PSAs across these regions were 187,000, 175,000, and 211,000, respectively. Compared with Q1 of 2016, PSAs rose 8% in Japan, 15% in Taiwan, and 27% in Russia. It’s worth noting that nine of our top 20 international box office locations in Q1 were in Japan, a market that we’ve spent a great deal of time developing and nurturing, and it looks like it’s begun to really pay off. We’re also still very underpenetrated in Japan, where we currently have 28 theaters installed. But we believe the opportunity to be roughly 75 showing some real upside. We have strong titles in this quarter like Beauty and The Beast, Logan, and Kong Skull Island. But the second quarter is really where we expect to see our film portfolio kick into high gear. As Rich mentioned, last weekend we saw impressive results on Fate of the Furious, which did a total of $30 million plus globally in IMAX and broke numerous IMAX records. Fate of the Furious was our number one opening ever in India, the UAE, Qatar, Belgium, and Egypt to name a handful. We also saw terrific per screen averages in Sweden, Angola, Puerto Rico, and Denmark, which did 120,000, 103,000, 72,000 and 63K per screen, respectively. From this point forward, not only do we have a very encouraging line up, but the spacing of the films, which is very important to us is ideally paced for our single screen network. Next up is…
PM
Patrick McClymont
Analyst
Thank you, Greg. Good morning, everyone. We appreciate you joining us. As Rich and Greg mentioned, 2017 is up to a good start in terms of growing our network. Year-to-date, we have already signed a record 104 agreements for new theaters, building on the strong signings momentum witnessed last year. We’re also encouraged by the geographic diversity of these signings, which continues to underscore the significant potential in China, as well as the acceleration of signings activity in other parts of the world, such as Europe. Looking at this in a bit more detail, in the first quarter of this year, we signed agreements for 38 new theaters, headlined by our recent 30-theater agreement with Bona Film Group in China. And in Q2, we have already signed agreements for an additional 65 theaters. On the installation front, we installed 14 new theater systems ahead of our Q1 guidance of 10 theaters. Geographically speaking, nine of the new Q1 installs were in China, while the remaining five installs were in domestic and other international markets outside of China. If you turn to Slide 5 of our earnings presentation, you’ll see the breakdown of our 14 new installs in Q1 by theatre type. Before I dive into some of the numbers, I’d like to remind everyone of the recent changes to some classifications within our MD&A section. As I’m sure, many of you have seen on Tuesday evening, we posted a historical model in a downloadable Excel file, which is located on our Investor Relations website. This Excel model reflects the new breakout within our MD&A for the last three years and provides historical data on box office, PSAs, and our network footprint by region. We also intend to update the model with actuals on a quarterly basis, starting with Q1 2017,…
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
Operator?
OP
Operator
Operator
Thank you. [Operator Instructions] We will take our first question from Eric Handler from MKM Partners. Your line is open. Please go ahead.
EH
Eric Handler
Analyst
Yes, thank you very much and good morning. Rich, quick question, you talked a little bit about the documentary film fund, but you’ve got three various funds that you’ve deployed now. You’ve got the documentary film fund, but you also have the China Film Fund and then the VR fund, I guess, the first content piece you’ve got there is the Warner Bros film. How much capital have you deployed from these films? And how much do you expect to deploy over the next 12 months? And sort of like this – can you just give us the status of each of those funds?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
So the VR fund, as you’ve said Eric, we have our first commitment now. And as you know, we have co-investors in that fund, and we haven’t finalized the Warner agreement yet. But the total amount of investment in the fund is about $3 million to $4 million per film, and we only have a small percentage of that, because there are co-investors in the fund, including IMAX China. In the IMAX film fund, we haven’t gotten all the necessary approvals yet in China. But we intend, we have projects that we’re ready to go in and our contribution of the overall commitment is $25 million and roughly $110 million fund, but none of that is out yet. And in the documentary fund, the only investment was this film with Patrick, referred to during his comments.
EH
Eric Handler
Analyst
Okay. And any idea when you might be able to get approval by the Chinese government for the Chinese film fund?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
We think shortly, but I would have told you that over the last three months, when I was told shortly, but it should be quicker.
EH
Eric Handler
Analyst
Okay. And then just a quick follow-up, any updates with the WTO in China?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
No updates. But again, I’m glad you asked that, because I’d like to just put it into context, I think there is some misunderstanding. So a number of years ago, it was found that China violated the WTO agreements in the way it handled film distribution in China. In the first round, there was an agreement by which roughly 35 films a year would be allowed in under the quota, and that the take rate by the studios would be about 25%. In that settlement, it was agreed to review it every five years. So now they’re in the process of reviewing it with the goal of how to get China on a par with other markets, meaning, no quotas and our market rates on film distribution. So although it’s not resolved, I’m – there’s only one direction this goes, which is more liberalizing of the China film market, eventually market rates for distribution eventually more films going in. So the context is how good it is and how quick a period of time. It’s not a context for getting worse. And we’ve heard from both the studio side and the Chinese side that things are progressing. Again, I’m not sitting in the room on the discussions, but my own educated guess will be that things will get better for Hollywood in this agreement than they are today.
EH
Eric Handler
Analyst
Great. Thank you very much.
OP
Operator
Operator
And we will take our next question from Alexia Quadrani from JPMorgan. Your line is open.
AQ
Alexia Quadrani
Analyst
,:
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
So, Alexia, what we do is, we do an estimate for the size of each of these markets on a bottoms-up basis. And right now, our estimate worldwide is 2,450. That’s the number of screens we can penetrate, but we revaluate that on a regular basis, and we’re in the process of doing that right now. And I would hope by Investor Day, we’ll be able to talk about not only the world market size, but by country with new numbers. And again, just to remind everyone, we initially thought our opportunity in China was 90 theaters, and we now have, including our backlog about 800 theaters. So it’s something we reevaluate based on the demographics of the particular market, particularly disposable income. And although we haven’t finished the study, I would expect that the 2,450 would go up.
AQ
Alexia Quadrani
Analyst
And is there a maximum amount you can do in one year?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
No, that’s just a question of how much interest there is in a market, how many you sign, and then whether the multiplexes are open and are being retrofitted, or whether they have to be built out, but no, there isn’t. And just falling back on something Patrick said, our signings level was historically at about 125 a year. Until last year, we installed significantly more than that. And Patrick just told you that our guidance for this year is around 160. And that’s directly a result of increased signings around the world.
AQ
Alexia Quadrani
Analyst
Thank you very much.
OP
Operator
Operator
And we will take our next question from Aravinda Galappatthige. Your line is open. Please go ahead.
AG
Aravinda Galappatthige
Analyst
Good morning. Thanks for taking my question. Rich, I know you touched on the – you discussed the deal with Marvel’s Inhumans. How we can potentially expand? I was wondering if you can talk about how that model can be sort of built up over time, not just with other majors, but when you think about sort of maybe doing similar deals with smaller independents, which would -- independent studios, which would give you arguably a bigger equity stake and make it a – make you even a bigger player in that particular venture. Can you maybe talk about the various options that are available to you? I know, it’s a bit of a futuristic question. But I just want to get a sense of where heads at longer-term with that model?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
So the theatrical underpinning of the Marvel deal is that, there are numerous pilots being made for television or streaming way more than there are used to be 500 or 600 a year right now. And that new programming has trouble breaking out of the pack and creating sort of a franchise. So the theory behind the Marvel deal was that, we would release the first two episodes and create an event around them, and that that would create awareness in a fan base and then eventually benefit not only the pilots, but the overall series the viewership and longevity. So we’ve been exploring other variants of that. So it doesn’t have to be on a TV network. It could be a streaming service. It could be a cable network on that side. On the other side, the content side, it could be a established IP. It could be new IP, the IP just has to sort of take advantage of IMAX’s fanboy audience and demographic of the younger viewers and also the scope of what IMAX provides. And then within that, we’re sort of mixing and matching to find what the right properties are and what the right deal is. So, going forward, if this is successful, I would expect us to do more things like this with Disney and with other broadcast networks. I think we do things with cable television, I think we do things with streaming, both domestically and internationally, and it’s in early days. And I’m somewhat surprised Aravinda, when we talk to reasonably senior people that a lot of people don’t even know that it’s going on. But I think over time, this is going to be a big opportunity for us. And I think, particularly for works, I think that will be a catalyst for short-term activity when it comes out in September.
AG
Aravinda Galappatthige
Analyst
Thanks, Rich.
PM
Patrick McClymont
Analyst
So just to clarify one thing as you asked, could we do different deals with other players and maybe get to a bigger equity stake? It’s important to remember in this deal with Marvel, the way that works out is, we’re sort of 50-50 in terms of the money that we’re contributing, and because it’s their IP, they have a little bit of a promote, but we own in the low 40% range of this project. And so if you think about these as partnerships, I’m not sure you’re going to get to a very different outcome, where it’s around 50-50 and maybe there’s some economics swinging one way or the other depending on what people bring to the table. But we think this is actually a great model, where we’ve got a very meaningful equity ownership stake in what we think is a great project.
AG
Aravinda Galappatthige
Analyst
Okay, that’s quite helpful. And just related to that, is it going to be Q2, where we’ll see the – your investment in the cash flow statement?
PM
Patrick McClymont
Analyst
Q3 is where most most will show up. There will be some marketing spend along the way that will hit the P&L starting in Q2. But the real economics from this will hit in Q3, when the project is launched.
AG
Aravinda Galappatthige
Analyst
Great. Thank you.
OP
Operator
Operator
And we’ll take our next question from Stan Meyers. Your line is open.
SM
Stan Meyers
Analyst
Thank you, and good morning. So Rich, I wanted to focus a bit more on your network growth and kind of follow-up on Alexia’s question. Obviously, your installs exceeded expectations. You had another great quarter of signings. And we’re starting to see that this was balanced shift outside of China maybe to an extent based on your conversations around the globe, especially maybe in Germany, India, and maybe in Latham. Do you expect that over the next few years, we see screen growth kind of outside of China get close to that momentum that we’ve seen in China over the past few years, as China matures itself sort of, can we see that rebalancing?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
So, Stan, I’m not being a wise guy about it. I hope not, because we’re doing really well in the rest of world, this is China, is on fire, it’s going gangbusters. So, if you would have asked me a year ago when we signed the big Wanda deal, would we have another 100 class in this shorter period of time? I don’t think so. I wouldn’t have thought so. And I think the box office things are going very well there. And I think, having a lot of people in your business is ultimately the thing. With that said, it is a worldwide thing. And one reason I’m so excited about what we did with AMC and ODEON in Europe, as I really think, they can help open it up. So one reason Germany has so few theaters even though their per screens are very attractive is, because there hasn’t really been competition in that market. ODEON was not in that market, so the people in there think they can own it for a very long period of time. Our experience in England, which was maybe seven, eight years ago, we had, I think, eight theaters in the country and ODEON was our only client at that time. And then other people who came into the business and now including the backlog, we have 50 in the UK. And I think that’s the important thing it’s establishing that dynamic. And I think it really can happen in Europe, and the Middle East has been going very strong. During the quarter, we signed a deal with Box to add on to their commitment, as Greg said in his remarks, Japan is doing extremely well. So, I think, the only reason it looks unbalanced in China is, because China is just off the charts. But we’re doing really well in other territories as well.
SM
Stan Meyers
Analyst
Okay. And then I had one for Greg, maybe we can spend a few more minutes discussing China. I know Rich mentioned ticket pricing improving there. Maybe you can talk about the film slate playing out there. Any discussions of the traditional blackout periods this year? Any initiatives from your end to drive attendanceor ticket pricing, just sort of, if you can give us more and more color on China and how that’s trending?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
So this weekend, if it’s an indication of where we’re going in the future, we’re doing the happy dance. To do what we did this weekend on Furious 8 was amazing. As we know, China is difficult to predict at any given weekend. And so, we look at it more in terms of a long-term point of view than day-by-day, because that will make you crazy. What we do know is that, we have a series of titles that have been announced as being day and date on the Hollywood side over the course in the next two months that we’re thrilled about. Furious 8, obviously, was day and day, Guardians has been announced as day and day, there are a handful of other titles that are coming out day and date that I don’t want to mention, because I don’t think that they’re all official yet, but it looks like for the next couple of months a lot of movies that are opening in New York and Los Angeles will also be opening the same days in China. We have the July period, I don’t know if you can officially call it a blackout period anymore. But what we, because last year, there were some titles that all of a sudden showed up in the beginning of July when Hollywood titles didn’t traditionally show up. But as I mentioned in my earlier remarks, we’re very focused on local language titles, not only in China, but in places like Japan, in places now like India, and some other markets, China, obviously, is a huge part of it. And we’re not only focused on the local language titles, but we’re also focused on the marketing efforts. The local language titles are very important for us in two or three in four cities in particular where local language films tend to do even better and are a bigger part of the percentage of the box office there. So our marketing team in China is working very closely with a lot of the marketing organizations in China like M Time, et cetera like Wanda, like some of our other partners, and we’re spending a lot of time focusing on how we increase our market share there. And obviously, the amazing work that our network guys are doing in terms of growing the size of the network is only going to help our kind of leverage and marketing power there.
OP
Operator
Operator
And we will take our next question from Matthew Brooks from Macquarie. Your line is open.
MB
Matthew Brooks
Analyst
Good morning, guys. I wonder can you say anything about the new business revenues, maybe where they came from, whether it’s safe to be at home contributing there?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
Sure. The biggest contributor would have been, as I mentioned, the payment from Google, which is related to the research that we’re doing on the VR camera. And then as we’ve talked about, we’ve had 20,000 folks come through the flagship VR Center in Fairfax – on Fairfax. And so the – there’s revenues associated with that as well, those are the two biggest drivers.
MB
Matthew Brooks
Analyst
Will there be more payments from Google in the future, or you just get the one and that’s it?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
So I’d say, as we continue to do the R&D work, we get regular payments from Google.
MB
Matthew Brooks
Analyst
Okay. Thanks. And on the documentary film funds discussion you had earlier, are you able to tell us how much did you invest? I think you said you only invested in one film so far, and it’s led to a write-down, which looks like a pretty big chunk of how much would have invested?
PM
Patrick McClymont
Analyst
Sure. Just one moment, I’ll get to that number. So the fund of which we are one of the partners invested $5 million in this project.
MB
Matthew Brooks
Analyst
Dealing with the delay of Avatar 2, would you expect that some changes to the other movies in that next year might move, given there’s a little bit of a gap at the end of next year?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
So that’s already happened. I’m sure you noticed that Aquaman moved from October to December of 2018. And my instinct would be that that’s a direct result of that. The schedules are always changing. It’s one of the things that that I’m finding more fascinating than ever even though the movies are – the production cost of these movies are going up all the time. There’s still a tremendous amount of flexibility in the schedule based on a title or two anchoring a certain period of time and when that title or two changes. It creates a cascading effect, where a bunch of other moves are made accordingly. I think it’s still too early to see exactly what’s going to happen in the future, as we get into 2019 and 2020 based on everyone, obviously, wondering what’s going to happen with Avatar 2 and when it’s going to come out. They’re going to wait probably for that declaration would be my guess, it’s purely a guess and speculative, and then they’ll be some other titles that are moving in. But when you look at the schedule in 2018 and 2019, it’s remarkable how many have already been identified, big, huge tent-pole titles. There’s always changes and again, the changes have a domino effect, but a lot of the anchored tenants have already been announced.
OP
Operator
Operator
[Operator Instructions] Our next question from – comes from Michael Ng from Goldman Sachs. Your line is open.
MN
Michael Ng
Analyst
Thanks. I have one for Greg and one for Rich. First, for Greg. I think there’s a one-month gap on the slate – in the slate between Dunkirk and Inhumans, is that right? And if so will Dunkirk be shown for an extended period of time, or are there other films you’re working on? And then for Rich, can you just give us an update on your recliner and rocker initiatives? What do you see happen to IMAX attendance when you install recliners? And does it make sense economically to deploy and who pays for it, when rocker or recliners install that are excellent? Thanks.
GF
Greg Foster
Analyst
So on the August front, Dunkirk opens up domestically in most markets on July 21, August is always – August is not the month that big tent-pole blockbuster movies come out. So our strong hope and sentiment is that, we’ll be playing Dunkirk for a long period of time. Obviously, we’ll see where things are as we move into the middle and part of August. But if you can find a big huge blockbuster for August 25, I’ll give you my – I’ll text you my cell number, because there hasn’t been one in the 16 years that I worked at IMAX, and that’s part of the reason by the way, why Inhumans is coming out September 1. The whole original content strategy is – was initially conceived as gap fillers, as an opportunity for us to fill in content at times when studios just simply don’t release big Hollywood titles. So I hope that answers that question. Rich, over to you on the other one.
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
On the seating, the theaters own the infrastructure not us. We provide the technology and a number of them are testing different kinds of seats in IMAX theaters. In the early going, it’s looking like recliners are probably not a great move for IMAX theaters, because they affect capacity so much and IMAX does so much of its capacity on the opening weekend or the second weekend. In the limited experiments we’ve done, rockers seem to be very good and an improvement. For example, the Lincoln Square here in New York City, it affected our – we didn’t lose that many seats to put them in. For those of you aren’t familiar, it’s kind of like the top of a recliner without the bottom of a recliner. So they’re more comfortable and our box office has gone up, but they don’t really affect capacity very much. We still testing, I think something like 25 more places to go the remainder of this year and looking at it, but that’s our only views.
MN
Michael Ng
Analyst
Great. Thank you. And my understanding is recliners take out about 50% of capacity. What’s the reduction for rockers?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
I think it’s about 15%, 20% something like that.
MN
Michael Ng
Analyst
Thank you.
OP
Operator
Operator
And we will take our next question from Jim Goss from Barrington Research. Your line is open, sir.
JG
James Charles Goss
Analyst
Thank you. Rich, I wonder if you could talk about India and the shift in terms of film pace and receptivity to your Hollywood product, and any other political and business climate issues that make involvement more there more desirable to you than seem to be the case a few years ago?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
Well, I would say, what’s helping us there, Jim, are two things that play out in the rest of world as well. One is the box office and our PSAs are pretty strong there, especially given the currency differential. We get a hefty price premium and I don’t remember there’s less than 10 open. But most of them are doing – most of them are free pretty good, I guess, there are 11 open I’m looking up now and nine in backlog. But the real change in the last two years has been the number of competitors in that market. So there’s PVR, there’s INOX, there’s Cinepolis, and there are some other local players. So you couple the good results with competition, I’m definitely feeling better about that market, as Greg said, and I’m not going to attempt to pronounce it. We’re doing in Indian language – on Indian local film later in April there. So there are seeds of things turning around there and looking a lot better. In terms of the macro, I don’t have a great feel for it, Jim. There’s still some countries specific issues. I remember maybe 10 years ago, I used to get the question a lot that which you’re going to grow quicker in India or China? And China is now 800 putting the backlog in India is 20. So, obviously, the bet then, but I think things are starting to change. And do I think we’ll have 800 theaters in India soon? No, I don’t. But do I think things are going to continue to improve? Yes, I do.
JG
James Charles Goss
Analyst
Okay. If I may ask one other unrelated thing, are you envisioning the marketing of some of your VR content to other VR service providers as sort of a second window?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
Yes, I think, we went through that a little in the prepared remarks, but we invest in content typically that will be a first release window. I think of theatrical as an analog. And then just like in the movie business, there’ll be a cascade. So it will go on different platforms into the home and that’s definitely the way the deal is structured, because obviously, the market is too small right now to recoup across one window.
JG
James Charles Goss
Analyst
All right. Thanks so much.
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
Thanks, Jim.
OP
Operator
Operator
And we will take our next question from Steven Frankel from Dougherty. Your line is open.
SF
Steven Frankel
Analyst
Good morning. Patrick, I wonder if you might address what steps, if any, the company taking to improve its efficiency in the core business and help drive operating leverage?
PM
Patrick McClymont
Analyst
Sure, happy too Steve. Look, I think the first thing what we’ve done is changed the conversation internally and externally, where we’re always talking about the core business very separately from the new initiatives. And that’s allowing us to have much better clarity on where we’re spending the money, allowing us, I think to have more discipline around the new projects and making sure we hold ourselves accountable on that. And then on the core business what we’re doing is, we’re recognizing that this is a business that has grown at an exponential rate over the last decade and [Technical Difficulty] internal systems and procedures and tools. This business has outgrown [there you implement], [ph] and we need to come up with a new approach. And so we’re going through sort of our big areas of cost and trying to identify what are the things we can do differently. And two examples, I would use. One is, on the information technology side, we’re spending a lot of the time and effort right now looking at how IP works, how it supports the business units that we’ve implemented a SAP platform three-plus years ago. We’re still not realizing the benefits of that. We’re still doing a lot of things the old fashioned way. And so that’s one big initiative is trying to give the business leaders and the people sort of on the front lines a better set of tools. The other one is, what we call, our digital supply chain, which is how we manage the content we receive from studios sort of from the moment we receive it to the moment it shows up on screen. And so we’re looking at every step of that process and it’s a complicated workflow. And we’re adding a lot of value to the content, obviously, sort of one of the most important elements of our business. We think there’s opportunities to streamline it. And the clearest example of that is at the very back-end of that supply chain, where just recently we’ve launched a pilot program to start transitioning from delivering content on hard drives, delivering it over the Internet. And so we’ve done that in our owned and operated theaters on a test basis, and we’re talking to our exhibitor partners about rolling out the same kind of system. And so that would allow us to take out a lot of variable cost that would create process efficiencies and would also be a better service to our clients. So we’re looking at projects like that as ways to extract costs from the system.
SF
Steven Frankel
Analyst
Okay. Let me sneak in one more quick one for you, if I can. The DMR margin in the quarter looked higher than I would have thought, given the level of box office. Is there anything that drove that in particular this quarter?
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
No, no. I think it’s just the fact that there is a bigger network. And so we do get those leverage efficiencies, because elements of the DMR process are not variable. Some elements are variable when we’ve got versions and we’re doing things in local language or in different languages. And so there are some variable costs associated with associated network, but a lot of it is pretty stable. And this quarter we did happen to have just the way that the slate worked out. We ended up with less versions than we’ll see in certain other quarters.
SF
Steven Frankel
Analyst
Okay, great. Thank you.
OP
Operator
Operator
And our next question comes from Darren Aftahi from ROTH. Your line is open.
DA
Darren Aftahi
Analyst
Good morning. Thanks for taking my questions. First is, the cadence of install kind of your guidance relative to last year that was pacing ahead, I’m just kind of curious as you look at the backlog. Are you seeing any compression in terms of signings to installs year-over-year? And then secondarily, as it pertains to your VR location in LA, any sort of KPIs you need to see internally in order to kind of expand that venture kind of beyond what you already announced? Thanks.
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
Yes. So on the first one, it’s too early to make any observations about whether the timeframes are being compressed. I mean, our backlog is at record levels. So it’s not surprising that installs are going up. But I don’t think timing is really the issue that’s causing that. And the second thing in terms of VR, we’re basically looking for confirmation of our business model. So not only we will get the revenue model, but how much staff do you have to have. How often you have to change out the content, what the throughput is per hour, what the price point is in different environments. So the LA one, as we’ve said several times, is looking very good in the early days. And we’re – the next one we’re opening is at Kips Bay with AMC in New York City in the next month or two. Then we’re opening in Manchester, which is – so the Kips Bay 1 is in a multiplex. The one in Manchester England is in an entertainment center contiguous to multiplex. So we want to get data points from a variety of places. And if they support the excellent results we’ve seen so far then we’ll decide to go forward. But there is – there are business model things we’re looking for. And over the next several months probably to now and the end of the year, we hope we can improve that out.
OP
Operator
Operator
And this will be…
JK
Jessica Kourakos
Analyst
Operator, go out to the next question.
OP
Operator
Operator
This will be our last question from Eric Wold from B. Riley. Your line is open.
EW
Eric Wold
Analyst
Thank you. So question I guess for Greg and/or Rich. Can you talk about the kind of on the TV pilot JVs, talk about the thought process behind those discussions and deciding who to go? It’s obviously on your core cinema business, very short lead times as you want to throw a film into a slot and you’ve got a $1 million, say, $1 million conversion cost at fairly low risk and low lead time. So how do you think about something into next year and the following years the discussions where you’ve got tens of millions of dollars of additional investment. I think it’s $150 million-plus for Inhumans and anchoring yourself to something that has a long lead time and more risk. How do you think about kind of taking a chance on those, especially you would say, a pilot for an unknown franchise?
GF
Greg Foster
Analyst
So first of all, we’re in discussions with at least a half a dozen companies on other projects. So it’s great that we have some opportunities to make informed decisions and the experience that we had probably spoils us a bit on the Marvel on ABC side, because it really has been a great process so far and I don’t want to jinx cinema and knock on the table now. But it has been great. We’re looking at a lot of different options. This is again very early days in this and one size does not fit all. So the lead time is probably, you’re right, because it’s a longer investment with a longer tail. I would say, at least, six months from when we would invest until something could potentially come out, we don’t have to own the same percentage of what we – of what’s going on with Inhumans, it could be a smaller investment. As Patrick said, I seriously doubt that, it would be a bigger one. It also doesn’t have to only be a broadcast partner. Although there is a lot of advantage of the so-called quote analog broadcast structure and why we can really bring something to the party. It would not surprise me within the next year when we have another project that one of them is more for, let’s call it, a streaming service. We will, of course, always make sure that we take care of the windows issue and not put ourselves in a bad position with our partners. That’s something that we’re pretty steadfast on. But at the same time, I could see us going to one of the new digital focused companies on the television side and making sure that as long as the IMAX premiere is first that it’s more along those lines rather than an analog, but we’ll see.
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
Eric, the only thing I want to add to that is, remember, although in the abstract, this business looks risky, because before we do it, we’ve got a theatrical run and we have upfronts and guarantee carriage for a while, both domestically and hopefully internationally before you release it that we mitigated the risk. So I want to put it in the context agreeing with Greg’s answer. But it’s not like we’re taking these home run shots. We think we’ve got the risk award boxed in an intelligent way.
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
So with that, I’d like to end the call, and thank you all for joining us. I want to remind everybody that the first quarter is disproportionately not the most important quarter of the year, it’s going on from here. And as I said during my remarks earlier, we believe that the box office each quarter this year will be higher than the commensurate quarter last year because of our strong film slate. And we think, given the network growth done would set up nicely going into 2017 and 2018, and we would like to thank you.
OP
Operator
Operator
And I would like to go back to our CEO Rich Gelfond for closing remarks.
RG
Richard Gelfond
Analyst
I just gave the closing remarks, operator.
JK
Jessica Kourakos
Analyst
Operator, if you could just close the call please?