Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by, and welcome to the HubSpot Q3 2019 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions]. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Chuck MacGlashing, Head of Investor Relations. Thank you. Please go ahead.

Thanks, operator. Good afternoon, and welcome to HubSpot's third quarter earnings conference call. Today, we'll be discussing the results announced in the press release that was issued after the market closed. With me on the call this afternoon is Brian Halligan, our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman; and Kate Bueker, our Chief Financial Officer. Before we start, I'd like to draw your attention to our safe harbor statement included in today's press release. During this call, we'll make statements related to our business that may be considered forward-looking within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1933 as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements, including statements regarding management's expectations of future financial and operational performance and operational expenditures, expected growth and business outlook, including our financial guidance for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2019. Forward-looking statements reflect our views only as of today, and except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements. Please refer to the cautionary language in today's press release and our Form 10-Q, which was filed with the SEC on August 6, 2019, for a discussion of the risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations. During the course of today's call, we'll refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures as defined by Regulation G. The GAAP financial measure most directly comparable to each non-GAAP financial measure used or discussed, a reconciliation of the differences between each non-GAAP financial measure and the comparable GAAP financial measure can be found within our third quarter 2019 earnings press release in the Investor Relations section of our website at hubspot.com. Now it's my pleasure to turn over the call to HubSpot's CEO and Chairman, Brian Halligan.

Thanks, Chuck. Good afternoon, folks. Thank you for joining us today as we review HubSpot's third quarter 2019 earnings results. Q3 was another good quarter for HubSpot, with 33% revenue growth in constant currency, 6% non-GAAP operating margin, 31% customer growth, bringing our total customers to nearly 69,000. In addition, we improved some of the operating efficiency over the last few months, including reaccelerating hiring. I want to tell you a little bit about how I see HubSpot these days. In 2018, we added a lot of products and filled out the suite. This move from a marketing application company to a suite is paying off as our customers are branching out and allowing us to create more value for them over time. We have over 25,000 multi-hub customers now. This year, we're running a project we call Mainsail on the product side, where we ramped up investment in engineering to make sure our suite was more reliable, more secure, faster and easier to use. It's a big initiative of ours this year, and we're starting to see some benefits from it. Our customers put a lot of trust in HubSpot as it's the system that runs their front office. We want to reward that trust with an awesome suite of applications for them. Over the next couple of years, I expect that suite will get better and better, and will ultimately have a couple of additional hubs added to it. What makes our suite stand out in the marketplace is that it's consumer-grade on the front end and enterprise-grade on the back end. But HubSpot can't live on suites alone. The reality is that a typical mid-market customer leans heavily on our applications, but also has about 40 other SaaS applications in their business. Our goal is to enable our customers to create a disruptive customer experience for their customers by orchestrating all those applications in their go-to market. We want to move from a suite company to a platform company. To that end, yesterday, we announced the acquisition of PieSync. The way I think about PieSync is it's a synchronization engine that keeps system a perfectly in sync with system b. This is very hard technical work to build these systems and they're world-class at it. The acquisition, overnight, gives us the ability to keep HubSpot synchronized with over 200 third-party applications. Ultimately, we want all that data inside of HubSpot, from which we can trigger workflows, advance reporting and create delightfully disruptive end-to-end customer experiences. With that, I'll hand it over to Kate.

Thanks, Brian. Let's turn to our third quarter financial results and our guidance for the fourth quarter. Third quarter revenue grew 33% year-over-year in constant currency and 32% as reported. Q3 subscription revenues grew 33% year-over-year, while services revenue grew 3% year-over-year, both on an as-reported basis. HubSpot ended Q3 with 68,803 total customers, which was up 31% year-over-year. Average subscription revenue per customer in Q3 was $9,992, up slightly, both sequentially and year-over-year. Domestic revenue grew 26%, while international revenue growth was 46% year-over-year in constant currency and 41% on an as-reported basis. International revenue represented 40% of total revenue in Q3, up 3 points year-over-year. Deferred revenue as of the end of September was $204 million, a 25% increase year-over-year. Calculated billings was $179 million, up 27% year-over-year on an as-reported basis and 30% in constant currency. The remainder of my comments will refer to non-GAAP measures. Third quarter gross margin was 82%, up about 0.5 point year-over-year. Subscription gross margin was 86%, while services gross margins were negative 7%. Third quarter operating margin was 6.1%, up 2 points from Q3 of last year. Our Q3 operating margin benefited from lower-than-expected hiring during the first half of the year, although the margin benefit in Q3 was lower than in earlier quarters of 2019. At the end of the third quarter, we had 3,204 employees, up 24% year-over-year, a 4-point increase in growth from last quarter. We continued to believe that the operational changes and additional investments we made over the last couple of quarters have put us in a position to be back on our original hiring plan by the end of the year. Net income in the third quarter was $15.1 million or $0.32 per diluted share. CapEx, including capitalized software development costs, was $13 million or…

Thanks, Kate. I want to close by thanking our customers, our partners, our investors, and all the HubSpotters around the globe for helping us with our mission to help millions of organizations grow better. Finally, I'd like to welcome the team at PieSync, who are key pieces of the puzzle as we expand from a suite company to a major platform player. Operator, can we please open the call for a few questions?

[Operator Instructions]. Your first question comes from Brad Sills from Bank of America Merrill Lynch.

I wanted to ask about the hiring, the comments that you made earlier. I guess the question is, where are you focusing on hiring? Where was the shortfall? Where is the emphasis in terms of the sales organization that you're hiring for?

Yes. Thanks, Brad. It's Kate. I'll take this. So I think as we shared on our Q2 call, the hiring shortfall in the first half of the year was actually pretty much across the board. We made a ton of progress against hiring in Q3 and again in October, and most of the groups are actually caught up. It's important, I think, to remember that, first, you've got to get the people on board, but then it will take them a little bit of time to ramp and become productive, but there's a little bit of a lag effect. But we're certainly making progress, and we're pleased about it.

That's great. And then one more, if I may. One of the things we hear from the channel is that larger deals are coming into the pipeline, still within your target range of 200 to 2,000 employees. But towards the upper end of that, with some of the work you've done on enterprise additions, the revamp last year. My question is, is there a different go-to-market here? Is it a pivot at all in kind of the go-to-market as you go after these larger deals? Is there something about them that is more complex such that maybe the go-to-market becomes different?

Small tweaks versus big changes. I would say, if you, Brad, if you kind of step back and look at HubSpot, we've got 3 segments: a small business segment, a mid-market segment, and a corporate segment. In that corporate segment, we're being thoughtful about the ratios between sales reps and systems engineers, between the ratios of the number of accounts per sales rep, of how we deal with security request, how we deal with leave request. And we're investing a lot in the product. Like, the product improved a lot on that enterprise layer over the last couple of years. But I would say over the next 12 months, I would look for kind of a step function improvement in that product, as we've made a ton of progress, but there's going to be a lot more progress going to be made over the next 12 months. There's a bunch of things. These -- I talk to these customers all the time. There's a bunch of relatively well-known things they want done. And I feel like we've got more arms around them and are kind of marching toward them. So feeling pretty good about that over the next 12 months.

Your next question comes from Mark Murphy from JPMorgan.

I wanted to ask you about the evolution of the low-touch model for HubSpot. I think a couple of quarters back, you had said that 50% of net new business is coming from a free user upgrading into a paid version. I'm curious, just first, how did that compare to the most recent quarter? Or where is that trending? And then, second, where do you see that heading in the future state of the business? If you succeed with the evolution to a low-touch model?

Yes. Mark, really good question. Just, overall, I think the freemium models work. We decided about 3 or 4 years ago that as we move from an app company to a suite company, that we wanted to attack the market with a lower touch, lower friction, easier way to try and easier way to buy, similar to the way a lot of these B2C companies do it. Similar way a lot of these new B2B companies, like the Zooms and the Slacks to it. And I think it's really paying off. I don't have the exact number at my fingertip, but I think it's around 60% now originate through that freemium channel. So it's starting to really work. I also just like kind of, strategically, like I look at the main competitors in our space, and they've got a very heavy price and a very heavy UI, and a very heavy go to market. We have a very light price. We have a very light UI and a very light go to market. We want to get them while they're early and scale with them over time. So feeling good about that decision, the progress we're making. We have a long way to go on it, like we're not at kind of Dropbox, Atlassian level ninja premium warriors, but we're making a lot of progress.

Okay. And Kate, just as a quick follow-up. It feels like you're facing a few minor temporary headwinds. And it looks like based on this, you're getting through them in very good shape. And I wanted to ask, when you consider some of those factors like being behind on hiring, there's the lack of a real major new hub that you're launching here in the second half. I think you're kind of lapping the effects of the price increase a year ago. For how long do you think that those conditions are going to persist? And if you had to make a guess, just when do you think all of that normalizes?

Well, I think you can come and work at HubSpot IR and summarize the challenges that we're facing at any point in time now. I think your...

I could never measure up to Chuck.

He sets a high bar. That is absolutely...

You can work for me anytime.

That is absolutely for sure. I think -- look, I think that we have made a bunch of operational changes where -- that we think will have the impact of turning the ship around here. As you are alluding to, I think the sort of time to realize that is something that we'll probably talk about on the next earnings call.

Your next question comes from Samad Samana from Jefferies.

First one, maybe, Brian, for you on PieSync. How should we think about the business model there? And then from a strategic perspective, I think at INBOUND, at the Analyst Day, the company talked about app marketplaces and that being something that could potentially be monetized. How should we think about PieSync fitting into that overall strategy, both short-term and long term?

Sure. Let's talk about PieSync -- I'm doing great. I'm super psyched about PieSync. We have been looking at deals for a while. We're super picky about the deals we do. We're looking for companies with a great culture fit, with great technology with a reasonable financial decision to make and will really fit with our customers, and PieSync fits the bill. So I'm super psyched about that team. And they're kind of a key piece of the puzzle, frankly, going forward. I look at HubSpot, we moved from an app to a suite. And when you use the HubSpot suite, HubSpot itself does a great job of managing all the data created through HubSpot, does a great job of triggering workflows off of that data, using that data in those workflows to really personalize that end-to-end experience, but it's all based on HubSpot stuff. The reality that we're seeing is, whether we like it or not, companies use lots of different applications, lots and lots of applications. A typical mid-market company will use 40 different SaaS applications these days, many of which will touch the customer, many of which will involve a go to market. And so what we want to do is we want to move to a world where we manage all of the data, whether created in a HubSpot app or not, trigger workflows off of all of that stuff and create a disruptive, really personalized experience for our customers' customers. And PieSync is kind of like key piece of that puzzle. Today, if you look at HubSpot, true synchronization where I've got data in a third-party system, data inside of HubSpot, and they're perfectly in sync in real time. We only really do that, Mark with -- or Samad, with Salesforce and Shopify. The PieSync guys do that for 200 different applications. So overnight, we have much richer integrations that are really, really slick. So I'm psyched about PieSync. It's going to be really slick. That team is going to continue to work on that stuff and be a key, key engine for us going forward.

That's really helpful. And then, Kate, maybe one for you. I was just looking at the net adds number, it was down slightly quarter-over-quarter. And then thinking about that in context of last quarter, it was down slightly quarter-over-quarter from 1Q, the prior quarter. So I guess, normally, you get a bump heading into -- heading out of -- at INBOUND. How should we maybe think about any either changes to the funnel? Or if there's anything that's happening that's leading to net adds going down quarter-over-quarter when it normally would be up seasonally?

Yes. I guess, when I look at it, I think the net adds for Q3 are actually pretty stable quarter-over-quarter. I think, around -- in and around that 4,000 mark. We had a little bit of a headwind this quarter because we introduced free e-mail in June, and that had a modest impact on our marketing starter additions, which has been a bit of fuel to the engine of our new customer adds. But we're actually, overall, pretty happy with that sort of that 4,000-ish level of customer additions.

Your next question comes from Alex Zukin from RBC Capital Markets.

Really quick, just two for me. On PieSync, is there an intention to sell the solution similar to where Salesforce with selling MuleSoft without really any other solutions from HubSpot. So that -- the starting point for a new HubSpot customer could just be integrations with other apps and over time, actually selling the HubSpot solutions. Is there any element in that?

I think you'll see over the short term, we're going to leave it in our marketplace and people can continue to buy PieSync and happily go on their way. Over time, you'll see that PieSync functionality be built into our core products may underpin a new hub down the road. So that's kind of how we think about it. It's the synchronization engine that will live inside of HubSpot that will take data from other applications and make sure they're synced into HubSpot. And then inside of HubSpot we'll trigger workloads off of it, and we'll do personalization off of it and enable them to create really disruptive experiences on top of it.

Perfect. And then, maybe just another one around any kind of observations around macro that you saw in the quarter or anything about sales cycles, particularly as you now have multiple solutions that you're selling together. Is that -- could -- is there anything around delays or just the lengthening of sales cycles that you've seen at all? Or any kind of macro weakness that you could comment on? And if not, that's great too.

We're watching that carefully, like I read the New York Times, Wall Street Journal or whatnot every day and people are predicting a recession to come. And I do believe it will eventually come, but we have not seen signs of it. Sales cycle seems similar, haven't been elongated, consistent demand environment over the last several quarters.

Your next question comes from Chris Merwin from Goldman Sachs.

Okay. I wanted to ask a bit about the new hubs being added to the platform. I know there's probably not too much you can say now. But in terms of some of the capabilities that your customers are asking for, anything you can share there? And should we be thinking about you sort of staying in the customer-facing area for solutions? Or could we see a shift into some brand-new areas?

I wouldn't imagine, in the short term, you'd see us go into any back-office function. I guess a couple of comments on that. When I look at our existing product line, we've got the three hubs today. They're all very solid. They'll never be done. I mean we'll always be working on them, and there's lots and lots of room to improve on them. So you're going to see nice advancements in those three hubs, particularly the enterprise layer of those three hubs over the next year or 2 years. It's going to be really nice. We made a lot of investments in that premium and starter layer, continuing to invest there, but really kind of a heavier emphasis on that enterprise layer. There'll be a heavy investment in platform, where we open up the application. We open up more footprint for our APIs. We make those APIs more consistent, make them easier to use and better supported. And so that will enable third parties to come in and build really nice integrations to HubSpot. PieSync will accelerate all that stuff. That will be really good. And then I think you'll see over the next couple of years, a couple of more hubs will be able to layer in. And when we think about the opportunity for us, it's really around helping our customers create kind of a disruptive experience in their own industry. How do we build an awesome go-to-market that really transforms this experience for their customers? So if you can imagine there's lots and lots of touch points along that journey, lots and lots of application areas, there's much more room for us, we think, to maneuver in the front office before we would even consider the back office.

Okay. That's great. And then maybe just one more for Kate. It looks like average revenue per customer return to positive territory for the first time, I think, in a while. So are you seeing more success in cross-sell or up-sell? I know that will move around quarter-to-quarter based on a number of factors, but just curious, any trends that you'd call out there?

Yes. I mean, it was nice to see it tick up a little bit. Frankly, we'd continue to see the product mix as the main driver, and we expect that we'll see ASRPC continue to bounce around from quarter to quarter. But we were like you, pleased with the upward progress.

Your next question comes from Stan Zlotsky from Morgan Stanley.

Perfect. And my apologies in advance for any background noise. Maybe 2 quick questions for me. One, just putting a finer point on the macro. Just specifically looking outside of the U.S., what did you guys see in the quarter in Q3? And how are you thinking about Q4? And then, just on PieSync, when you guys approached the acquisition decision, how did you think about the buy build back and forth versus potentially integrating more tightly with one of the big integration software vendors that are already out there? That's it for me.

You want to take Europe and I'll take PieSync?

Yes. I think Brian talked at a high level around the macro situation. And I think that what he -- his comments echo true for both domestic and internationally. We did not see sort of a slowdown in demand internationally. We had a great quarter outside the U.S. and haven't seen any signs of slowing.

Yes. And I would just say, like, I feel like we had a really solid quarter here. 33% growth was really solid. If it could have been higher, and the reason it wasn't higher wasn't macro. I think the reason it wasn't higher was more execution on our side earlier in the year. Hiring, we fell behind hiring, that's just rippling through. The other thing is just we had an outage back in March. And that outage, that was kind of a big deal. Like we talked to a lot of customers about it. It really impacted them, and we take our responsibility very seriously. We want to be good stewards of their go to market, and that outage really hurt us, personally. And so we really went to work on that. And so I talked about this in my prepared remarks, but we put this initiative in place called Mainsail, and Mainsail has been really, really important for us. It's an initiative we're basically starting in April. We've put all of the -- all the development teams, about 100 of them, into this Mainsail initiative. And they can only work on security, reliability, speed and ease of use. And really, for 6 months, we didn't push out any new features, never mind a new hub. And so we took this initiative very, very seriously. And I think the result of that is no new hubs at INBOUND and no big splashy releases in INBOUND. You guys were at INBOUND. I think we could have been growing 0.2, 0.3 faster if we had done that. The good news is, is that initiative was kind of one step back. I think that will generate two steps forward for us. I think it was the right move. We're starting to see some nice signs of life or NPSs ticking up a little bit because of it. And you can imagine that because the app is faster and easier to use. The customer dollar retention and revenue retention numbers are looking really solid. And just now, over the last month, we are starting to crank out new products. So the teams are out of Mainsail and have really satisfied the criteria around security, reliability, speed and ease of use. They're starting to build new stuff. So I personally am looking forward to 2020. I think we've learned our lessons on execution and I think we're going to have a really good year next year. So feeling good. So any like macro? I don't think it's macro. I think it's sort of self-induced some of the mistakes we made in the first half, we're dealing with now, and I think we've learned from them and I think next year, we're going to have a really good year.

I think his follow-up was the buy versus build.

Oh, yes. I forgot. PieSync, yes, we've been looking at deals a lot. And we've been looking at this space a lot. And we considered building it. And we've considered partnering with it. And we're already partnering with PieSync. We decided to buy because we think this idea of really having the synchronization is core to HubSpot. We want these synchronizations to be very bespoke to HubSpot. We don't want it to be sort of a third-party system that sits off on the side, it is kind of a traffic cop, kind of like a previous caller asked about MuleSoft. We wanted to be tied in the HubSpot and really control it. And then we looked at building, it is really complicated hard stuff. Like we have teams internally that build the Shopify integration and the Salesforce integration. They are large teams, and it's complicated. And these PieSync folks are really deep and geeked out about synchronization. They're world class at. It's a very hard problem. So it was a near ideal buy. The other reason I really like this PieSync buy is it's a little bit under the covers. We pride ourselves in having like a consumer grade UI and experience for our customers, the usability is really good, and this is a nice, like under the covers it's the synchronization engine. So it doesn't sort of impact our per scene UI. So I like that deal a lot.

Your next question comes from Tom Roderick from Stifel.

So Brian, I wanted to go back to an answer you gave just a little bit ago and kind of see if I could put a finer point on how this all plays out a little bit. So if we go back to the second quarter, I think there was concern over the outage and you guys, quite frankly, put up a tremendous quarter in the bookings reaccelerated, and everyone said things are fine, right? But you guys were quick to point out, we need to hire more, and we need more capacity. So now perhaps the stock's reacting a little bit to the billings decelerating, but it seems like you put more of that capacity in place. So perhaps you can kind of just draw an arrow to what happens next and how we ought to think about the trajectory of billings from where we're at now, given that you've caught up a little bit on the hiring and perhaps the execution is back on track.

I would just say on the hiring, we're kind of disappointed in ourselves. We grew hiring 20% in Q1 and 20% in Q2. It was well below what we should have done. And -- but I do give credit to the recruiting team here. They really got their act together, grew 24% in Q3, and it's going to be north of that in Q4. A little bit of the problem with that is just the timing thing. Like I used to work for an enterprise software company called Parametric Technology in the old days. And in the old days, it was very quarterly driven. And what you did in the quarter is what showed up, and that's certainly not what happens today. It ripples through. And so I think you're seeing with Q3 and Q4, we're having solid quarters. But I think as those reps come on board and those reps are fully productive, and the teams around them are fully productive, I think we'll be in really good shape.

Yes. And I guess, just to add a little color on the billing side of things. I think billings is a relatively complicated metric for us and not always the most indicative of forward growth. Yes, I think Q3 had, again, a set of factors, some FX factors that make billing a bit challenging. So at the end of the quarter, you would note that the euro was particularly weak. And so we both revalued the deferred revenue on the balance sheet, which created a headwind from an FX perspective. And we also had a revenue headwind. So the difference between as reported billings in constant currency billings was 3 points for the quarter, which is relatively substantial. The other thing that I would say is that product mix plays a part here in billings. And when you think about the commentary that Brian sort of laid out around where we've been having success this year. It really has been at the lower end of the product portfolio, and those tend to have shorter payment terms, so lower billings associated with the transaction. In addition, we've been pretty relatively stronger in sales and service hub, which also have -- tend to have relatively lower upfront billings than our historical marketing hub. And then, finally, I think we are frankly just up against a really, really hard compare from last year, where we launched a ton of new product in Q4. And so I think it's a bunch of things on billings for Q3.

Those are good points.

Okay. Really, really helpful. A quick follow-up, just in thinking about the ASRPC numbers. So nice to see that go up. And thinking about the upper end of the mid-market, we've heard Adobe Express, that Marketo perhaps has focused less on the mid-market. Does that leave an opportunity for you? Are you already benefiting from that? Is that part of the ASRPC strength. Would love to hear how you think about that as Adobe pulls Marketo upstream a little bit?

That's a good question. I did look at the Adobe earnings results yesterday. I thought that was interesting. I think the mid-market is -- it's really where to be. That's kind of where we live. There's a set of competitors down in the small business, everyone from Wix to Constant Contact down there. And then there's a bunch of enterprise competitors, like Adobe is up there and lots of other ones. And there's a big, wide space in between, and HubSpot fills it really nicely. And what we want to do is, you're a start-up and you've got 5 people and you're getting going, like Dharmesh and I were in the early days. Bam! Come on our freemium version. And then as you grow, move to Starter and Pro and Enterprise. And I kind of think of HubSpot over the last couple of -- over the last year, we've really pushed down that freemium's gotten better. The Starter is getting better. I think there's room to kind of push up as well and elbow a little down and a little up. I like this mid-market a lot. I think there's a big, big opportunity for us.

Your next question comes from Kirk Materne from Evercore.

It's Peter Levine in for Kirk. So just 2 quick questions. As you think about the newer channel initiative that you've kind of highlighted during your Analyst Day and on prior calls, just anything notable from contributions, changes from these partners that you've seen from outside of the traditional agency group? And then Kate, can you kind of give us any metrics or quantify what partner contributions year-to-date look like year-over-year?

Yes, I guess, I'll just start. The partner contribution is very steady. So partner continues to contribute about 40% of revenue for the quarter.

Yes. And overall, I think it's going great. The partner team is doing a nice job this year. They made some nice enhancements to the partner program, in INBOUND that -- did a couple of things. One, they created a new layer for partners to achieve like a really ultra-high layer for them to get to, which partners -- the good partners really like. They also created some new incentives to cross-sell. We're piloting some stuff there that's going pretty well. I'm really happy about that. And then there's a bunch of plays in motion now around operational improvements and technology improvements, some of which will drop on partner day, which we have in March, that I think the partners will really like. So feeling good about that partner program, feeling good about the changes we're making, feeling good about the idea of the best marketing partners picking up sales and service and really naming an experienced disruption play. Feeling really good about the ability of us to pick up new types of partners. We're doing that really well, then turning them into bigger and better partners. So yes, feeling good about that.

Great. And then you highlighted, you're not really seeing any macro issues internationally. Now it's 40% of revenue. So I don't know, maybe you can kind of help us understand, customers internationally, are they purchasing differently than customers here in the U.S.? I mean are you seeing more growth stack customers? Are they adopting multiple hubs at once? Just any dynamics there that you see would be interesting.

It's remarkably consistent across geographies in terms of all those ratios you might look at. We're seeing how Europe's done, doing great. Australia is doing great. And then the newer markets are coming online, and we're thinking that can be nice growth subscribers for us, so. And we've seen some of the other companies out there saying there's some softness in certain markets, and I'm sure there's executional issues. I don't know how much of it is execution versus how much of it is the market itself. In any given pocket, you might have some executional issues. So it's hard to say.

Your next question comes from Ken Wong from Guggenheim Securities.

Great. First one, for Kate. As I look at the guidance, historically, your sequential growth is closer to high single digits. You guys are looking to grow maybe in the mid-single digits for Q4. Besides FX and anything we should be aware of that might be causing that headwind?

Nothing's changed in our overall guidance framework. As we sat down and looked at guidance for Q4 and the full year, I think we talked about the fact that really, we're catching up on hiring, but there's going to be a period of ramp for the new hires. We talked about the fact that there is an incremental foreign exchange headwind into Q4. And frankly, we just have some tough comps in the back half of the year. So I think we feel good about guidance. We always try to do better, but we think that we feel good about what we put out there.

Got it. And then I believe you guys recently made some changes to onboarding to focus more on customer goals. Can you talk about what those tweaks were and perhaps any benefits you are seeing or we should potentially expect from this initiative?

Sure. You've been doing your homework. We just rolled that out. I believe we rolled that out yesterday. So it's a little early to know if it's going to work. It's just trying to get a little bit more focused on what the cut -- we've been a little bit generic. So you're a customer, we sign you up on Marketing Hub Pro. We kind of run you through the same program no matter what company you are. And some companies are saying, "Hey, I want to really get good at automation. I have a big database." And other companies are just saying, "Hey, I want to really up my advertising game." And other companies say, "Hey, I want to get really good at content marketing." So you're just trying to get a little better at understanding what the customer pain is, figuring out what their priorities are and mapping into it. It's a little bit of solution-oriented implementation. And I think it's going to have a nice impact. I think we'll see some improvement in customer dollar retention and revenue retention as well as word of mouth.

Your next question comes from Richard Davis from Canaccord.

This is Luke on for Richard. So I just want to dig back in on -- so I just want to dig a bit back on your channel strategy. Would you say the focus there is primarily on growing the number of partners you have? And has that focus shifted over time as you emphasize and hone your higher value-add partners, to make them more successful? Or how -- I guess, how do you balance those 2 things? And how has that strategy evolved over time?

There's a couple of things going on in the partner program. One thing that's going on, we're trying to make our best partners better. For example, we just put in place an advanced certification program for our best partners to really go deep on our CRM, really go deep on our API, so they can do larger and larger CRM implementations. I think we've certified about 10 of those recently. So going deeper with our best partners. At the same time, we have initiatives going on. We're trying to sign up partners that aren't just marketing partners. We're signing up a lot of CRM implementation companies, sales consulting companies, companies like that. And there's a lot of them coming in, and they're starting to do pretty well. So we've been talking about that for a year or two now, and it's really starting to work quite well. And next year, we're going to kind of institutionalize that and make it a real legit program. So feeling good about it.

Your next question comes from Arjun Bhatia from William Blair.

Just maybe wanted to touch on Service Hub. I was hoping if you could -- I was hoping you could -- you'd be able to give us an update here, particularly on kind of the changes that you've been seeing in new customer interest versus kind of cross-sell to the existing base. And I think in Q1 next year, Desk.com is supposed to -- is supposed to be sunset. Just curious if you're seeing any kind of pickup in interest from new customers there that are looking to migrate over to your offering now?

I'd say it's steady as she goes with Service Hub. Like the Sales Hub we released a few years before it, we're never done with these things and they start kind of a little light. And then over time, we add a lot more functionality and power to it. And that's -- we're in process of doing that with Service Hub. There was really nothing new that happened while we were in Mainsail between, call it, April and September. But since September, it's really picked up, in particular for Service Hub, and there are 2 things that just came out that I think are really hot. As a service organization, you want to monitor incoming chat, incoming social media, incoming e-mails, incoming phone calls from folks who have service issues. A lot of people want to do that via Facebook messenger. So we just added the ability a couple of weeks ago for people to use Facebook Messenger as the channel, and people are excited about that. The second thing we just came out with that I'm really excited about is around the knowledge base. So more and more of our customers, they don't want to get a phone call from a customer per se or an e-mail or chat with them. What they really want is to enable their customers to self-serve via Google and then go through a knowledge base on their site. And we just added the ability for folks to have a knowledge base that really matches the rest of their site. One of the many cool things about HubSpot is underneath the covers, there's a content management system, and we expose big pieces of that content management system through the knowledge base inside of Service Hub, so they can create a really beautiful nice experience that matches their website, matches their blog, matches their landing pages. So that product is getting better. It's going to continue to get better over the next -- forever, it's going to get better. But lots and lots of investments, and it's going well.

Great. And maybe one for Kate. Kate, I noticed professional services saw kind of a big step down in the quarter. Is there anything to point out there that might be causing that? I know Brian alluded to maybe adding more implementation partners. Just wondering if that's kind of contributing to the results there?

Yes. No, I would not point there. I think we generally view the services business as an enabler of the software business. And it's relatively small as a percentage of our overall revenue. And so, call it, modest changes can have big swings in the growth rates associated with that business. I think product mix is one of the things that's really driving the slowing of the services revenue growth this quarter. And as I talked about before, it's that Sales Hub and Service Hub that are really strong in terms of new business this quarter. And those tend to have lower attach rates and smaller services packages. And that's, frankly, the biggest contributor to the slowdown there.

Your next question comes from Brian Peterson from Raymond James.

So Brian, I think you hit on this a little bit earlier, but there's a lot of product innovation over the last few years in commentary on going from a suite to a platform. I think sales and service get a lot of attention there. I'm just curious, what role do you think the CMS offering plays in that effort?

CMS is going well. We did something big with the CMS that didn't get a lot of coverage. But we typically, we bundled the CMS with the marketing product, and you couldn't buy the CMS without buying the marketing product. We decoupled those things in INBOUND last year. And the growth rate has been nice with that product. And as we come out of the Mainsail, and people are building new functionality. I think you'll see that thing really get better and grow next year. I'm excited about that. I'm excited about the idea, too, like what we really want to do is help our customers create awesome experiences. And I think part of that is having an awesome website and an awesome experience for your customers to come through. They'll be able to build custom stuff and make it really great. So that's an area to keep your eye on.

Got it. And maybe just one related to PieSync. I'm curious, if you look across your customer base. Any sense of how many of those customers have a solution similar to that or have deployed PieSync today versus potential white space?

Yes. PieSync, we have a lot of customers that are using PieSync. I forget the exact number, but I saw the graph, and it was very steep up and to the right. So it's a fan favorite of the HubSpot crew. And the thing -- one of the things we really liked about PieSync, if you go to G2 Crowd and look up PieSync, it's ridiculously highly-rated by all their users. It's -- people love that application. So I'm feeling good about PieSync. And the team there is really good. Those people are really good at building something that's really hard. And that's a good place to acquire.

Your next question comes from Ryan MacDonald from Needham & Company.

This is Alex Narum on for Ryan. I'd just like to know, could you give us an update on the search for the new customer officer? What qualities, particularly as you continue the sales organization towards the $1 billion revenue target, are you looking for in that type of candidate?

The search is going very well. We're making good progress. We've been thrilled with the quality of candidates we've been seeing. And I imagine, we'd be able to announce something shortly on that. We're making great progress on it. And the person we're looking for, we want, certainly, to be a nice culture fit inside of HubSpot, to have experience in building a high-growth SaaS business. And hopefully, somebody who has experience with building these light touch sales models. Those are some of the things we're looking for. We've seen some great candidates and super confident we're going to nail someone terrific.

Okay. And then also, how did net revenue retention trend during the quarter?

Yes. So net revenue retention was over 100% in Q3.

Your next question comes from Jennifer Lowe from UBS.

This is Rakesh Kumar sitting in for Jen Lowe. You talked about introduction of startup products leading to some cannibalization of Pro and Enterprise SKUs. I was hoping to see if you can share any metrics around customers upgrading to higher-priced SKUs as they mature?

I don't think we've talked about that. But recently, we've started to put some attention on, like we're spending a lot of time figuring out how to take a total stranger and get them in our CRM and get them actively using our CRM and inviting their colleagues in, and then getting that free CRM user into a starter tier. And then it's mostly been a higher touch way of a PQL, we call it, it's -- there's a paywall in there that they will trip over that will get them into the Pro product. We're getting better at that and we're getting better at automating some of that stuff. So that's something we've actually gotten better at just over the last couple of months, and is an area -- and I think it's an area we can improve and really grow.

And I have a follow-up. So without going specifically into next year's guidance, when do you expect to be done with this Project Mainsail? And how should that impact the operating leverage in '20 and beyond?

Yes. Good question. Mainsail is a permanent project, where we want the baseline of HubSpot around security, reliability, speed and ease of use to just be a baseline that we want everyone can get this kind of table stakes on there. And as our teams get through those table stakes, then they can start building new and exciting features for our customers. More than half our teams are out of that already. That's why we're starting to see the pace of innovation pick up. And I would imagine 6 months from now, pretty much all those teams will be out of that mode, but we're still going to have that baseline if we really want the product to be more secure, more reliable, faster and easier.

And your next question comes from Derrick Wood from Cowen & Company.

Great. It's Andrew on for Derrick. Most of mine were taken. But any change in the competitive environment on marketing? And maybe any color on the mix of greenfield versus replacements?

No major changes. It's a competitive environment. We compete with some big companies like Salesforce and Adobe that are well-funded and innovate and capital isn't super-efficient. So we need to stay on our toes and keep innovating and delight our customers. Kind of how I look at it, but no major shifts. Have been pretty consistent over the last, let's say, a year.

And your next question comes from Eric Lemus from SunTrust Robinson Humphrey.

I wanted to follow-up on the question around buy versus build. When we think about the M&A strategy moving forward, should we think about some more tuck-in acquisitions more so for technology and people versus acquisitions that could lead to a brand-new hub?

I mean, first of all, we want to digest the PieSync deal. I think the purchase process went well. We learned a lot. I think it was relatively well-executed on both sides. I'm pleased with the way the teams performed on that. We continue -- we're continuing to look. We have a team that looks at deals. And I think you'll see us continue to be fussy about the teams we'll acquire. The culture has got to be a nice fit. The technology has got to be legit. Financially, it's got to make sense, and it's got to be technology that would delight our customers. So if we factor all that in, we find deals. We'll do them. We'll maybe be open to a new hub, would maybe be open to tuck-ins. We're going to keep open-minded on that.

And that was our last question at this time. I will turn the call back over to the speakers for closing comments.

Great. Thanks, everyone, for joining today, and talk to you soon.

Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect.