Hello, everyone, and welcome to the Grifols Third Quarter 2023 Conference Call. Thank you very much for taking the time to join us today. This is Nuria Pascual, Investor Relations and Sustainability Officer. I'm joined by Thomas Glanzmann, our Executive Chairman and CEO; Victor Grifols Deu, Chief Operating Officer; and Alfredo Arroyo, CFO. This call will last about 60 minutes. There will be a presentation of approximately 30 minutes, followed by a Q&A session. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this call is being recorded, and the materials for the call are on the Investor Relations website at grifols.com. The transcript and webcast replay of the call will also be available on the Investor Relations website within 24 hours after the end of the conference call. Now if we turn to Slide 2. Before we start, I would like to draw your attention to the forward-looking statements disclaimer in this slide deck of the release. Forward-looking statements on the call are subject to substantial risks and uncertainties speak only as of the call's original date, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any of the statements. Now I would like to turn the call over to Thomas Glanzmann.

Thank you, Nuria. Good afternoon and morning to all on the call. Thank you for joining us today. As you can see from our press release issued this morning, we have reported another strong quarter, further accelerating growth, improving our EBITDA and meeting our commitments. But before we go into our operational performance, I want to address upfront what is and has been the market's concern about our deleveraging progress. Our commitment to deliver a material deleveraging transaction in 2023 of at least €1.5 billion in cash has not changed nor has our very focused efforts to reach a leverage ratio of 4x by 2024. We continue to give full priority to this. Regarding the in June announced transaction in China, we are progressing and working diligently towards getting the agreement signed and expect to announce it before year-end 2023, in line with our commitment. As we are dealing with a very highly regulated environment, we expect to get all approvals and closing the transaction during the first half of 2024. Ultimately, this will support the organic results we are currently already delivering to continue deleveraging the company. Let me now walk you through how we are meeting our other commitments. Q3 was another quarter of strong revenue growth, where we also delivered a 25.1% adjusted EBITDA margin, which is a significant improvement of 480 basis points compared to Q4 '22 margin. The revenue growth was primarily driven by biopharma and our flagship franchises, immunoglobulin and albumin, and we expect that momentum to continue throughout the year. All the measures to achieve the €450 million cash cost savings from our operational improvement plan have been successfully executed. We are already seeing and will continue to see the related margin expansion throughout Q4 and next year. This is particularly visible in…

Thank you, Thomas. Good afternoon or good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us today. Now turning to Slide 6. Our revenue growth throughout the previous quarters has been remarkable. As we have been mentioning consistently, the sequential progression remains exceptionally strong and positive. Grifols stand-alone delivered a 9.1% growth in Q1, followed by a 6.5% in Q2 and a 9.6% in Q3, all of them at constant currency. All in all, revenues grew 8.4% for the first 9 months of the year. For these first 9 months of 2023, we achieved revenues of more than €4.8 billion, up by 11.7% at constant currency. This was primarily driven by performance of Biopharma and our key proteins as well as Biotest contribution. Please bear in mind that we are consolidating 9 months of Biotest in 2023, while only 5 months in 2022. Now turning to Slide 7. Our Biopharma performance was remarkable, driven by growth in our immunoglobulin flagship product, which further accelerated in Q3, with 17.4% sales growth in the quarter and close to 15% year-to-date at constant currency as well as our albumin franchise. IG continues to be driven by a strong underlying volume demand and favorable pricing, especially outside U.S. Our subcutaneous immunoglobulin Xembify continues to see a strong volume up peak especially in Q3, backed by higher demand in the US. Xembify continues to offer a vast commercial opportunity, and we plan to further capitalize on this growth with launches in some European countries in Australia starting in this quarter -- in this Q4 2023. Grifols strategy to continue strengthening its immunoglobulin franchise in the U.S. and other selected countries is robust. We are focused on the immune deficiency market, including the highest growth primary and secondary indications while remaining leadership in neurology and acute care.…

Thank you, Victor. Good day to everyone. Slide 13. Overall, we have delivered strong performance across the board, improving revenues, profitability and strengthening our balance sheet. Our revenues continue to grow sustainably at 9% at constant currency in Q3, bringing the year-to-year growth to 11.7%. Our EBITDA margin continued to show sequential expansion, further improvement to 25.1% from the 23.4% in Q2. On the back of our enhanced profitability, which will continue to improve in the coming quarters, our leverage ratio has declined to 6.7x from 9x peak of last year. Organic efforts have been a key piece so far on our deleveraging path. Slide 14. Revenue has shown a very positive sequential trend throughout this year. On a last 12 months basis, total revenue has reached more than €6 billion with 11% growth. Biopharma continues to be the key growth driver with a solid underlying demand, particularly in IG and more notably, our subQ product, which continued to gain further traction as well as our albumin franchise in China. Our ex U.S. strategy has been also an important growth lever, together with mid-single-digit price increases. Slide 15. Our gross margin has significantly improved over the last quarters, reaching 41% in Q3. This quarter show the steepest gross margin expansion in recent quarters, improving by 400 basis points compared to the same period of last year. This is due to Biopharma remarkable performance and a 22% decline in cost per liter, which is now clearly reflected in our P&L after a 9-month accounting lag. On the right-hand side of this slide, you can see a significant decrease in our SG&A cost as a percentage of revenue. This reduction, which amounts to nearly 120 basis points compared to Q3 last year is primarily attributed to operational leverage and efficiencies resulting from…

Thank you, Alfredo. Maybe to put all of what you have heard in the perspective. Last year, we embarked on a journey to turn around Grifols financial performance as well as to build an increasingly performance-oriented, efficient and accountable organization. The third quarter has been testament to that we are well underway to meet our objectives. Our fundamentals have never been as solid, and we have delivered a strong performance across the board, executed on our key priorities and very importantly, delivered on our commitments. One, we have grown our revenue sustainably. Two, we have enhanced profitability and have sequentially updated our EBITDA guidance for the full year '23 accordingly, and remain on track to reach 2019 EBITDA margin levels next year. And three, driven by all of these improvements and a commitment to delivery deleveraging transaction of at least €1.5 billion still in '23, we will strengthen our balance sheet and are on track to reach our guidance of 4x by 2024. At the same time, we are not losing sight of what's ahead of us beyond '23. We are now very focused on realizing Grifols full potential, and in doing so, maximizing value for all stakeholders. Our efforts will concentrate on a number of strategic levers. One, we will build on where we see our core strength and the best competitive advantage. Two, we will continue operating as a global market maker and shape in our markets, seizing those commercial opportunities that are most promising and hold great potential. Three, we will continue to accelerate and bolster innovation, focusing on a select number of therapeutic areas and prioritizing those projects in our pipeline that will boost our profitability and differentiate us with our customers. Under the leadership of Jorg, the architect of Fibrinogen and Trimodulin, we will strategically…

Thank you, Thomas, and thank you all for your time. Now let's start the Q&A session.

[Operator Instructions] First question today comes from Tom Jones from Berenberg.

Kind of both of them really relate to the tech transfer agreement that you've recently signed with Biotest. I wanted just a straightforward financial one really. I think you guys have this morning guided towards somewhere around a mid-triple-digit million number payments in total over the '23, '24, '25, '26 time frame. It would be helpful for us to try and understand sort of broadly how that might be weighted just to help us modulate your sort of free cash flow over the next couple of years. And then related to that, sort of related to the master distribution agreement you also have with them. Just wondering how you're intending to position Yimmugo, that novel IVIg products against your existing Gamunex and Xembify brands and how you make sure you don't cannibalize each other inadvertently and ultimately create the most revenue and value across the entire IgG franchise by -- with all of those products? So some idea of sort of commercial marketing strategy for those different IgG products would be helpful, I think.

Thank you, Tom for your question. Regarding the transfer tech agreement with Biotest. Basically, this is what you have seen in the, I would say, press release is on a stand-alone basis, on a consolidated basis is worse. I mean the payments related to this agreement will be done based on the cash flow needs of Biotest. So it will not be an impact on a consolidated basis.

Tom, I take the second piece of your question. It's about positioning of Yimmugo. As you know, in Grifols, we have two main intravenous brands, one is Gamunex and the other one is Flebogamma. Our idea is to -- due to basically the better years that Yimmugo has compared to Flebogamma is to -- with time once the product is approved in different countries to commercially switch from Flebo to Yimmugo. This is kind of in summary, the strategy we are pursuing.

That's really helpful. Not many, but a really quick one. The GBP 13.7 million of restructuring charges in Q3, which line item were they booked in? Just help us tie up our models.

Depending on -- if we're talking now about severance, there will come severance for, I would say, for the manufacturing area or from, I would say, corporate structure, they go either to COGS or to SG&A. I mean for further details, you can follow up the -- all the specifics with my team.

We have a question now from James Gordon, JPMorgan.

James Gordon, JPMorgan. Two questions, please. First one was on divestment plans. The question was just what is the cause of it taking maybe a little bit longer than we thought to close. It has been about 5 months since the June update. Is it that you're looking to do something more complicated like maybe a combined transaction, divesting some of Shanghai RAAS and diagnostics or some factors related to the dynamics in China at the moment? Or why has this taken a bit longer? And why are you still confident? And then the second question was just on Biopharma growth. So strong performance in the quarter. I think it was 14.5% year-to-date and 13.7% in the quarter, but you're still guiding for the full year to grow 12% to 14%. So that's quite a wide range of only 2 months of the year left, and it does imply potentially quite a slowdown in Q4. So is that just conservatism? Or is there some tougher things going in Q4? I can see you've maybe got a tougher comp for Biotest or is it industry dynamics with alpha-1? Why might things theoretically slow so much in just the last few months of the year?

James, this is Thomas. I'll take your first question. And first of all, let me just remind you that Shanghai RAAS, which obviously is the asset we're talking about is extremely attractive, and there have been many, many people that have been had an interest in this asset. Now also this being a China transaction, it's a very complex environment to negotiate. We do want to make sure that this turns out to be a good transaction, both in the short and long term for Grifols. So that has taken time. And we obviously want to make sure we cross all the Is and Ts, but it's really not more than the fact that getting anything done in China does take a lot more time than if you were to do it in Europe or the United States.

Okay. I take the second part of your question. No, we are fully committed to meet our targets of revenue growth, both combined with Biotest and Biopharma on a stand-alone basis. It's fully there.

I think it was just the full breadth of the range would imply that there might be quite a slowdown. So is it just you don't want to change the range at this time? Because to get to just 12%, you'd have to have quite a slowdown versus what you've done in the first 9 months?

We have had a very strong, in fact, Q3 quarter. For Q4, we are stick to our budget. And if it comes as good as Q3, we will try to deliver, of course, but it's kind of this quarterly thing, sometimes the swings are not really, let's say, underlying reality.

Next question is coming from Thibault Boutherin from Morgan Stanley.

Just one on albumin to start. The number seems to imply you had a very strong acceleration of our albumin sales in the third quarter. So I just want to understand what happened there. Is there any one-off? That's the first question. And second one on deleveraging. And beyond the Shanghai RAAS stake sale that you kind have confirmed, do you see have an appetite to do another transaction before the end of 2024? And how large this deal would need to be in order for you to get to your leverage target? Like does it need to be as big as Shanghai RAAS or could you do something smaller and get there?

On the first one, on the albumin question. No, we are seeing strong momentum in albumin, both in China and other important regions globally, and we are meeting our demand. As the plasma is coming back, we are meeting this demand that is out there for us. So it's perfectly in line and it's fully, let's say, controlled.

Thibault, Thomas here. We are actually very focused now 100% on signing the China transaction and are actually, at this point in time, not looking at anything else. We believe that the organic deleveraging combined with the transaction is going to get us to the target that we set for ourselves for '24.

Then next question is coming from Alvaro Lenze from Alantra Equities.

The first one is, if you could provide some additional detail on the evolution of alpha-1, sales seem to be a bit weak. I don't know whether it's that's final demand or increased competition from other plasma players? And the second is if you could provide some guidance on cash flow. I see that investment in working capital remains very high. I don't know if we should expect continued investment in Q4 and also into 2024.

I take the first one. Alvaro, on alpha-1, yes, as we said, we are seeing today kind of flattish evolution in this franchise for us. There are many, many components. As you know, we have a pretty unique, let's say, business model when it comes to commercial, especially in the U.S. and our historical markets. After the pandemic, we are fine-tuning this model. As you know, a key important factor for the model is the first piece in the funnel, is the testing piece. Just in May, we launched the new testing tool, which is the AlphaID at Home which is the complement to the health care professional testing model. So we are fine-tuning there. We expect this, let's say, flattish trend seeing recently will be turning around during 2024 as I said, we made some small tweaks in our operating model to adapt to the new times after the pandemic.

Alvaro, to your question of the cash flow, in the Q1, we have that hit as you all know, the restructuring cost. Most of the payments were done in the Q1. And since then, we've seen a significant positive increase on cash flow. And we're going to see this in not only in Q1 -- Q2 and Q3, but also in Q4. Regarding the inventories, yes, we've seen some increase in this quarter. But year-to-date, we are in the same days, inventory days around 300, which is in line with the previous year. Remember that just by maintaining the number of days, but due to the increase of the activity, the sales activity with this double-digit growth did require additional inventory. But for the year end, we're going to see a very positive cash flow before that service.

We have a question from Guilherme Sampaio from CaixaBank.

So first one, a follow-up on this previous question. In terms -- specifically in organic deleveraging. So we keep seeing net debt going up. When should we see a decline in net debt already next quarter or something for the next year, actually the cost effect of the deleveraging transaction that you are anticipating? And second, if you could touch upon the slowdown in the diagnostic area that we've seen specifically in this quarter?

Okay. For the first question, the net debt reduction will be seen primarily on the back of the cash proceeds coming from the divestment because even though we see that our operational cash flow is going to keep improving during this year and next year, but we need to deleverage to reduce basically the interest expense.

On the diagnostic question, you talk about the slowdown in this quarter. If I understood correctly, it's good to remind that in Q2, we had an exceptional, let's say, revenue or income coming in this one that, of course, is an exceptional one, and it's not happening in the next -- in this quarter or the others to come.

Okay. Good. And now we have a couple of follow-ups. So Tom, I think you have some additional questions.

I just wondered, it was a broader follow-up question around your kind of building pipeline. And if I look across everything, you've got a building number of assets, whether it's the 2 GIGA products, 564 and 2339, you've got the Alkahest, the AMD product, the 4290 product, then the 6019 and 6021 I think from Alkahest as well, plus you've got the Alzheimer's vaccine. You got all these sort of non-plasma, like some of the Alkahest ones and plasma products, but you've got a lot of kind of noncore products building up in the pipeline, which is great. But I just wondered kind of what your long-term thinking around the development of these products is because to be frank, at the moment, the market just puts the multiple on the R&D spend. I don't think anyone's got a penny of revenue in anybody's model for any of these products. So as it sits today, they're a bit of a drag on the equity story. So I just kind of wonder what the long-term strategy is? Is it to keep these, take them all the way through to development and marketing? Or at some point, do you think you'll start out-licensing some of these products and tying up with people who might have more expertise in late-stage oncology drug development? I just wonder what this kind of big picture here is because at the moment, they're all cost and no benefit from the equity markets perspective.

Thank you, Tom. Yes, it's a very, very good question from your side. Yes, clearly, Trimodulin and Fibrinogen will play a key role here as plasma will be in our core, both in the day-to-day in commercial and manufacturing, but also for our future developments. So plasma clearly will be on the core with those 2 products and the complement coming from our life cycle management that we are doing in different products. On those new technologies, for instance, on GigaGen, when we made the acquisition of this asset or this technology, I should say, was in line with our gamma globulin product portfolio. We saw that an interesting opportunity in the way we can obtain gamma globulin or specific gamma globulins from this technology. It happened that, that company came also with this oncology interesting initiatives or programs there. And we just wanted to continue them. Going forward, if some of them are successful, we are clearly open to define and decide whether this remains in our core. And we, let's say, expand to oncology or we kind of out-license whatever is the form for those, let's say, non-plasma programs.

Now Alvaro, also follow up.

Thanks for allowing me to jump back in the queue. Just 2 questions. First is on capacity and considering the fast growth in activity, if I am not mistaken, I believe, in Q2, you mentioned that you were around 60% capacity or something like that. If you could provide us an update on how is that trending? And when should you return to higher CapEx spending as CapEx is currently running lower than it has in the past? And the second question is just if you could provide some guidance on the evolution of minority like profits attributable to noncontrolling interests. They have been trending a little bit higher than I expected. There's a little visibility as some of the companies here do not have a reported EBITDA like the collection -- plasma collection networks of Haema and Biotest US. So whether we could extrapolate this €30 million per quarter like indefinitely? Or you could provide some guidance for this year and next year?

Okay. I take both questions. Regarding capacity, yes, we confirmed in the last call, the 60% capacity for this year. And based on the upcoming sales growth and our projections, we expect that the next wave of CapEx expansion will take place in 2028, okay. So we have clear path of lower spend from now to 2028. Regarding the minority, the minority line within our P&L for your model, you can extrapolate €100 million per year

Okay. Apparently, there were 2 persons who are trying to access and we're having some kind of problems. We will try to give access from our side. We have Peter Verdult Citi. Can you hear us, Peter? No. Okay. We'll try again later. And then Charles Pitman from Barclays. No? Okay. While we solve this, let's continue with Thibault, you also had some follow-up. Can you hear us?

Can you hear me?

Yes, we can.

So first question on the funding of the Alzheimer's vaccine potential Phase III. Just wanted to know if you're kind of open to out-licensing this or finding a partner to fund the R&D or if you're willing to fund it yourself? And then second question, when we think about the underlying adjusted EBITDA this year, pro forma, including savings, the €1.75 billion, how comfortable are you with kind of consensus using this as a base going forward and using it as an underlying profitability guide for next year? Is there any kind of accounting elements or business elements we need to think about that would make it not a good approach to do that?

I take that just part of a question about the Araclon vaccine. Yes, this was an important milestone for us that we have been waiting, the Phase II clinical trial and data out of that, as you have seen, very positive data across the board. The idea -- and this is linked to a previous question, yes, we are very open to study potential out-licensing this product for the Phase III.

And apologies, Thibault, but we could not hear you very well the second part of your question. Can you summarize it was on the accounting?

Of course, it was just -- are you comfortable with kind of analysts and consensus using the €1.75 billion of underlying adjusted EBITDA margin that you are guiding, including all the pro forma savings? Are you comfortable with this being used as a base when we think about EBITDA next year, so basically including growth for next year? So basically, what consensus is, is basically using this number as a base for this year and going into next year. So I just want to understand if you're comfortable with this approach?

Thibault, we could hear you well this time.

Thanks for repeating the question. Yes, we are comfortable with this €1,750 million considering these cash savings that they're going to go into 2024. So therefore, yes, the -- remember that out of the €450 million operating cash savings, $150 million roughly will flow through the P&L this year and $300 million next year. So that's how we come up with this €1,750 million. So yes, we reaffirm that we're confident.

We have a question from Jaime Escribano, Banco Santander.

So a couple of questions from my side. Regarding the gross margin, Grifols stand-alone 41% in Q3. We look at 2019, where Grifols was making 46%. But the cost of plasma keeps going down. And I remember you mentioned that in Q4, we should see the fully loaded or almost fully loaded impact of the cost saving plans. I wonder and how do you see this 46% gross margin for the volume following quarters? And even if we could think about a gross margin higher than that? That would be my first question.

Okay, Jaime, yes, as you know, we need to consider in our industry, this 9 months accounting lag for the plasma cost. And as I said, out of the €450 million, €500 million -- €300 million are coming next year. So they're going to go through the P&L. Most of these €300 million, the majority relates to plasma costs. So yes, we're going to see that this gross margin is going to keep growing on sequential basis, which basically this higher gross margin is, at the same time, is going to -- has a very positive impact on the quarterly EBITDA improvement in the coming quarters.

And you had a second, Jaime?

Yes, my second, sorry, I think there is some echo. Yes. No, it was regarding the Canada plant. When do you think we can start seeing revenues coming from the new manufacturing facility there? And what could we expect?

We were there a few months ago, the whole team meeting with -- in our Canada plant. I can tell you that the CapEx is progressing, the finishing of that. We can expect to see some production coming out of this facility in -- during 2025.

Now I think we have recovered from Barclays, Charles Pitman. Charles, can you hear us now? And whether we can hear you. Hello?

Can you hear me now?

Yes. Apologies for that.

Just a couple on the Shanghai RAAS deal. I was wondering if you could just provide us with a little bit more detail around what the regulatory hurdles and approvals are that you are currently navigating with this deal? And what approvals do you need and when to kind of get confidence that you can announce this signing that you -- and kind of -- if you could just reiterate what gives you confidence that you're able to sign this by the end of the year? And then just secondly, on the kind of $1.5 billion of cash realization, can you confirm if this is a pre or post tax amount? And what gives you the confidence that you can, in fact, realize that? And can you overall can you just reiterate that you are confident you will be able to realize that cash and you'll be able to use that to pay down debt?

So let me take the first part. First of all, at this point, we are very confident that we can take the transaction across the finish line before year end. Because at the end of the day, it is the regulatory -- some of the regulatory pieces will come in next year, in the first half of next year. So that's not preventing us from the signature as such. So we're going to sign, and we are pursuing the regulatory. And as we said, we expect that both at the closing will take place in the first half of next year.

Regarding the cash proceeds, the at least $1.5 billion, this cash proceeds will be used in full to reduce debt.

Okay. Also we have Peter Verdult from Citi. Hello?

Nuria, can you hear me?

Yes, perfectly. Thank you.

Peter Verdult, Citi. Three questions, please. Thomas, for you, firstly, when you initially put that press release out in June, you talked about the transaction and remaining a significant shareholder in Shanghai RAAS. So could you maybe reconfirm that or have things changed? And can I be cheeky and ask what in your view is a significant shareholding still in RAAS post the transaction? Question number two, maybe for Victor. I think it would be helpful for us in the market, good growth on Xembify, it's a long-term growth driver. I think historically, you've said 5% to 10% of sales coming from of IG sales are Xembify. Are you willing to put a ballpark number as to where we are end of this year, where we are on Xembify? And then lastly, I joined late, apologies, but I did hear James Gordon's question about the guidance. Can I just invert it and make it more simple. Is it fair to say that the risks, given the trends you're seeing so far in Q4, that the risk to your guidance is very much to the upside rather than downside as James is implying in terms of mechanically going -- keeping that 12% to 14%. So 3 questions on RAAS, Xembify and upside risk to guidance given the Q4 trends you're seeing.

Thomas. Okay. I'll take the first question, and appreciate it. With regard to our ownership and all of that, we're going to let you know all of the details once we announce and once we sign. But I do want to remind you that we have a strategic alliance with Shanghai RAAS and we have an album in distribution agreement, both that are very important to us. And also, our future position in China is important to us in a strategic market. So as we proceed with this deal, all of these pieces will be a very important part as we conclude and sign the deal with -- on Shanghai RAAS.

On the second question, Peter, yes, as you probably can see in the presentation we released to date, the growth pace of subcutaneous versus our IV product, it's clearly higher. So this is as we move every month, every quarter, the share of subcutaneous versus the overall, it's increasing, and we expect this to continue. I don't know exactly up to which level, but we expect this to represent with the time a significant mix in our IG portfolio.

Alfredo on the guidance and the risk.

Regarding the guidance, as you know, the growth is very important to understand that it's based on the baseline, okay, the previous year and also on -- when you look at on a reported basis on the FX. For the Q4, we expect that we still expect a strong quarter, but the reality is that when we look at the amount, the amount of the fourth quarter is going to be higher than the previous quarter. However, the baseline varies from one quarter to another quarter when you compare with previous year. But said that, we reiterate this range for net revenue guidance for the year end.

We are coming close to the hour, but we have 2 follow-ups, one from Jaime, another from Charles. Please, if you can make kind of one question each so that we conclude with that session. First, Jaime.

Mine is fairly quick. It is regarding the pipeline. So you announced the Alzheimer's vaccine results first readout quite recently. Just to know what could we expect following steps? And is this a big opportunity for you? Or can you try to give us some kind of sense how excited you are with this? And just a very quick one also related with the pipeline, which is the ASFA in 2018 said that they were going to review the guidelines and that in 2023, they would start recommending again products. Is this something that could be on the table again to try to revive the AMBAR project with ASFA or you don't have a lot of expectations on that?

Yes, on the Alzheimer's, the Araclon vaccine, there was a question previous, and yes, it's a program that we are open to out-license the financing of this Phase III trial that it should go now. So that's the status as of today on Grifols regarding this vaccine looking for a kind of a partnership here. On the ASFA inclusion of the AMBAR protocol into their guidelines, yes, it has been included in one of the guidelines. So now that it's a procedure that can be used out there for patients. Regarding the AMBAR in general for Grifols, we are kind of in a standby mode. We are in talks with regulatory agencies to see opportunities on how to proceed. But to the ASFA question, yes, it has been included.

Okay. I'm sorry, Victor, just 2 follow-ups. But then is there any opportunity to monetize AMBAR through this recommendation of the ASFA or to get it into the insurance or any growth potential coming from there?

At this stage, we are, let's say, moving cautiously, I should say, in the sense of a slow, okay? We are trying to understand which are the potential possibilities that we can see for this program in relation with the inclusion of the protocol in the ASFA guidance -- guidelines.

Okay. And last question for our today's session, Charles. Hello, Charles Pitman?

Just very quickly, can I just -- want to just to get the understanding clear. The $1.5 billion you expect to receive and to pay down that's a post-tax amount? And then just the actual question I had follow-up was just talking about the expected potential for other cost savings given you've now hit the kind of top end of your target for FY '23. Kind of what other further levers are there that you're seeking to identify going forward? Or is the focus very much just on normal operational efficiency?

Okay. For the $1.5 billion, this is -- it's going to be cash, no taxes when you receive the cash, there is no taxes on this. And then regarding the operational improvement plan, as we said, this year, we're going to achieve through P&L, the €150 million, plus the €300 million, as I said, for next year, the €450 million, I think that we continue working to exceed that €450 million. There are some opportunities already mentioned by Victor on the manufacturing side. So this is a nonstop, I would say, working. And I'm pretty sure that more savings will come in the upcoming quarters.

Thank you, Alfredo, and thank you, everybody, for joining us today, and I expect to talk to you very soon. As always, any follow-up, any other questions you may have, you can contact us at the Investor Relations and Sustainability department, and we'll be happy to take other questions also from all participants. Thank you very much.

Thank you very much, everybody.

Thank you. Bye, bye.

Thank you. Bye, bye.