Greetings, and welcome to the Gladstone Investment Corporation Fourth Quarter and Year-End Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. It is now my pleasure to introduce your host David Gladstone, Chief Executive Officer. Thank you, sir. You may begin.

Okay. Thank you, Latoya. That's very nice introduction, and good morning to you all. This is David Gladstone, Chairman of Gladstone Investment. This is the fourth quarter and fiscal year-end March 31, 2024, earnings conference call for shareholders and analysts of Gladstone Investment. We are listed on NASDAQ and the trading symbol GAIN, for the common stock, and then we have 3 preferred stocks GAININ, GAINZ and GAINL 3 other registered notes. So I'll turn it over now to our Michael LiCalsi, our General Counsel, and he'll warn me up with some -- no, he's just going to give you give you the warning. Go ahead, Mike.

Thanks, David. Good morning, everybody. Today's call may include forward-looking statements under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including those regarding our future performance, and these forward-looking statements involve certain risks and uncertainties and other factors, even though they're based on our current plans, which we believe to be reasonable. Many factors may cause our actual results to be materially different from any future results expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements, including all risk factors listed on our Forms 10-Q, 10-K and other documents we filed with the SEC. You can find them on the Investors page of our website, gladstoneinvestment.com or on the SEC's website, which is www.sec.gov. And we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. And please also note that past performance or market information is not a guarantee of any future results. Please take the opportunity to visit our website, once again, that's gladstoneinvestment.com, you could sign up for e-mail notification service there. You can also find us on Twitter @GladstoneComps, is the keyword. And on Facebook, the keyword is the Gladstone Companies. Today's call is simply an overview of our results through March 31, 2024, so we ask you to review our press release and Form 10-K, both issued yesterday for more detailed information. With that, I'll turn it back to Dave Dullum, President.

Mike, thanks very much, and good morning to all that's on the call. First, obviously, we are very pleased that we're able to report GAIN again produced very good results for the fourth quarter and for the fiscal year ending in March 2024, which follows on the previous solid first 3 quarters we had for this fiscal year. So for the fiscal year, which did end 3/31/24, we generated adjusted NII of $1 per share and increase the total fair value of our portfolio to $921 million, which is up pretty significantly from $754 million at the prior year-end. Now this growth -- it's a net result really of increasing our assets through new buyout activity and incremental financings for add-ons to existing portfolio companies, while being reduced by one successful exit where we generated a significant realized capital gain of $43.5 million. So for the fiscal year '24 to get to that net number, we invested a total of $184 million which is up from $134 million in the prior year. Now of this amount, roughly $61 million was invested in 2 new buyouts and an additional $123 million is invested as part of add-on investments or a recapitalization event at some existing portfolio companies. Now just for clarification, these recap events were not for bad reasons. They were actually for opportunities for us to, in fact, take some cap gains, a little bit of income and still maintain a significant ownership interest in that particular portfolio company. They were actually not buyouts, I mentioned, there were 2 new companies there. And on this recap and add-ons, there were actually 4 companies that were made up that grouping. So we continue to pursue add-on opportunities as they do allow us to increase our investment in companies where we do…

Thank you, David, and good morning to everyone on the call. Looking at our operating performance, we finished fiscal year 2024 strong, generating total investment income of $87.3 million, up from $81.5 million in the prior fiscal year. This was driven by an increase in the weighted average yield on our debt investments to 14.4% for the year as well as interest income earned on new investments made during the year. This increase in interest income was partially offset by lower dividend and success fee income, which can be variable in timing and due to amounts that did not recur in the current year. Additionally, we ended the year with adjusted net investment income of $34.5 million or $1 per share, down slightly from $36.7 million or $1.10 per share in the prior fiscal year, although still more than enough to cover our annual regular monthly distribution of $0.96 per share. Focusing just on the fourth quarter of FY '24, we generated total investment income of $23.6 million, up from $23.1 million in the prior quarter. This was primarily due to an increase in success fee income, the timing of which can be variable, as I mentioned. Net expenses for the fourth quarter were $18.3 million, up from $13.3 million in the prior quarter. The increase is primarily due to a $4.1 million increase in accrued capital gains-based incentive fees due to the net impact of realized and unrealized gains and losses as required to be reported under U.S. GAAP. This resulted in net investment income for the quarter of $5.3 million compared to $9.7 million in the prior quarter. The fluctuation is primarily due to that large accrued capital gains-based incentive fees recognized in the current quarter. Adjusted net investment income, which is net investment income exclusive of any…

Okay. Thank you. That's very nice, Rachael, and nice report by Dave and Michael. And it's good information for our shareholders. This call and the 10-K filed with the SEC yesterday, should bring everyone up to date at this point in time. The team has reported solid results for the quarter and the year ending March 31, 2024, including the investment in exit activity associated with those net realized gains. We believe the team is in a great position to continue this success for the next fiscal year, which was less than a year away, we believe that Gladstone Investment is an attractive investment for investors seeking monthly distributions as well as supplemental distributions from potential capital gains and other income. The team hopes to continue to show you a good solid return as we go forward with this new year. Now let's have some questions from our shareholders and analysts that are on the line, Latoya.

[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Mickey Schleien with Ladenburg Thalmann.

Dave, your fund reported a very nice unrealized gain of $0.88 per share apart from the reversal for the Mountain, can you highlight what drove that? And any themes that would help us understand what caused that appreciation?

Sure. Mickey, I'll let Rachael have a quick stab, and then I'll come in and fill in some thoughts behind that.

Sounds great. Looking at the portfolio as a whole, from an unrealized depreciation perspective, it's almost entirely due to performance at many of the portfolio companies. We did see decreased multiples across the portfolio. This was offset by decreased performance at a handful of companies, but it was really performance driving the unrealized depreciation we saw. There was a bit in there that was due to the reversal of unrealized depreciation of the Mountain as we realized that this quarter with the final dissolution, but really its performance of many of our companies. And Dave, if you want to fill in any holes there.

Yes. And I think as we reported in our K, where we showed the individual breakdown of portfolio of companies for the year ended, you know we'll notice that a good number of those are appreciated relatively significantly. There is a small handful that are off by 1 million here and a couple of million here, so to speak. Fair amount of that. And I can tell you, based on the portfolio, my personal view and knowledge with the individual portfolio companies that those that are slightly off with the exception of a couple that have been in our portfolio for a while that are all actually performing better and I feel like we're headed in the right direction on most of them. Obviously, and as Rachael said, some of it is a function of EBITDA being down a little bit in some cases. At the same time, multiples being done with by and large, I'd say there are no major issues in there, just overall fundamentally just good performance. And frankly, a good handful of these companies performing at a very high level, generating fairly significant individual net gains. I think that's really the best I can address on it.

Thanks for that, Dave. So given what you just said with some strong performers in the portfolio, there's so much demand in private equity for the acquisition of good performing companies. And I know in the past, you've always told me you're sort -- I don't know if reluctant is the right word, but it's hard for you to make the decision to sell something because then you have to replace it. But your phone must be ringing with some pretty good offers for some of these investments for this coming fiscal year, is it reasonable to assume that you're going to harvest some of those unrealized gains?

Well, no, you make very good points. And I think you hit it right. We've always said I always like to say, and it's really true that when we look to exit a business, a lot of it, honestly, is driven by the management teams, the folks that we're invested with. And if they come to us and say, "Guys, you know what, need some liquidity ourselves or think the time has come, which indeed is -- which a couple of the exits we had this past year, Counsel Press being one, which is very successful. And so we listened to that. But we generally -- and again, because as you well know, our model is really in a good position to allow us to maintain and hold these companies and to exactly the point, if we exit something whilst a really good realized gain, we have to, as you say, go and replace it. So we really take a hard look at either where we're getting, as you point out, these calls are the investment bankers coming at us to take our companies to market and what have you, really almost that reinvestment decision approach, right? So we think about it and if we really like the business and the people, why not "reinvest" and we do that on a pretty regular basis as we look at the portfolio. Having said all of that, it's also important to the model to us to generate realized gains as we say for supplementals. So the best I can say there is it would be more likely over the next year or so that we might have a pretty good exit versus not having one. And would be very cautious in which and how we do that at the same time maintaining our level of assets to keep generating the income for monthly distribution. So it's kind of a balance, and it's a really good question, and it's one that obviously, we struggled with. We're in a good position with that. But I think that's how I would add to that, Mickey.

That's really helpful, Dave. And one last question for me. You and your affiliated companies in the Gladstone universe have a track record of fixing problem investments. Sometimes we see situations like the Mountain that just don't work out, but I can think of others where you've merged companies or you've replaced managements, you recapitalized businesses. So with that in mind, can you tell us what you're doing with Edge and Hobbs, which if I'm not mistaken, have both been on nonaccrual for a while. And I'm sure you'd like to rectify those?

Yes. Hobbs first, I think that you've benefited by being at our meeting last September. I think you got to see some of the management teams and we really have a very good management team at Hobbs. They actually, without going into detail on a positive performance track right now, which is a function of a couple of things. One of the things that really affected them somewhat as they grew so rapidly with new business and new contracts. And frankly, the pricing of those contracts were perhaps not as good as they should have been. So when certain -- somewhere or fixed-price contracts and these are percentage of completion basically. So over time, they were actually -- were losing money on some of these contracts. So we've been able, we believe, to wash most, if not all, of those out, and right now, they've actually reduced the volume, so the top line number in revenue is lower than it was, say, a year ago. But having said that, the margin and therefore, the EBITDA, if you will, is now positive and headed in the right direction. And again, the team is a really good team. We've got good folks on the board. So we'll just keep working on that one. And with any hopefully by a year or so or maybe less, we might be back, frankly, on accrual with that one. Edge has a couple of components to it. Some things are going on with that right now, not negative. We've made some changes there recently with one aspect of that business. And I don't feel I can comment any more detail on that other than to say that we're working with it. And again, with any luck, we might see some positive effect there. But that's where those 2 are.

Dave, and congratulations to you and your team on the end of a very good fiscal year for Gladstone.

Thank you, sir. I hope you're feeling better, by the way, and I hope we get to see you soon.

[Operator Instructions] We do have a question just came in from Bryce Rowe with B. Riley.

David, I just wanted to ask about a comment you made in your prepared remarks, it sounded like maybe the volume of opportunities was up and in a good spot. But maybe the quality of those opportunities was a little more spotty, if you will, just any thoughts around kind of where that comment came from and what in particular you're seeing with deals that maybe makes them a little less attractive than you'd like them to be?

Right. So thanks, Bryce. And by the way, I'm happy you're able to get on or we're going to miss you. I would say, look, you know from the investment banking side and we definitely are, I think, companies that were being put on the holding near the end of last year are now starting to flow back into the backlog. And there's this -- I feel like a fair number of new deals that are coming and we are seeing them. And obviously, we have to be very selective and where we spend our time as we look at new deals. So the ones that we spend our time on are generally companies that we believe we're going to be able to, frankly, buy for around anywhere from 6x to maybe 7x, 7.5x EBITDA. And while we have been clearly in some processes when we feel like that's a good value, we're not even getting to go to a management meeting because there are other people out there that are 8x to 9x. And so that's part of my comment, frankly. And honestly, while those companies look good on the surface, I'm sure they are, we don't understand how one, so to speak, really pays that kind of multiple. So it's really more around a bit of our -- how our model works, with what we're seeing. And as you use the word, it's kind of spotty the quality. It's a little bit some and their companies have look on the surface, but they're smaller. The EBITDA are less consistent, the general positions in the marketplace is not clear, they have much of a differentiator, so to speak, but they're fundamentally decent businesses, but not something that we feel we could get our arms around. And as you know, if we're doing 3 or 4, even 5 new dealers a year, that's pretty good for us. So we have to be really, really selective. But the activity level, the main part if the activity level is up, and we are able to actually make some conscientious decisions on how we spend our time to try to get new deals on the books over the next, say, 9 months or so.

Bryce, just to mention that some of our folks are saying that everybody and his mother is trying to put together deals. So there are a lot of what they call independent sponsors out there trying to take a company and call it a beginning roll-up, and we don't believe in some of these fictitious numbers that come through. And so from that standpoint, we're just seeing a lot that we don't like. We may see 5 or 6 and then pick 1 of the best of the lot. There's another thing going on in the marketplace now that has not been mentioned that is inflation. Inflation helps everybody out who wants capital gains because things go up in 5 years, and you get a chance to sell it at a very, very attractive price compared to where you bought it. So we've seen some of that. So don't count out inflation because inflation is here for a good amount of time. And that's all. Do we have any other questions?

There are no further questions in queue. I'll turn it back to you for closing comments.

Okay. Thank you, Latoya. And you guys didn't come up with enough questions this time. Would you please work on that before you come to the next meeting. Thank you very much for attending in, that's the end of this conference call.

This concludes today's teleconference. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation, and have a great day.