Mark Costa
Analyst · Citigroup
So the supply is one of the more interesting conversations around the circular economy, which is there’s a vast majority of plastic waste out there, but it’s also -- you have to have a plan and a structure to access it. So, when you think about polyester in the U.S. just around the first point we’re building here, there’s about 20 billion pounds of polyester waste annually produced in this country that goes into packaging, textiles and carpet, 40% -- only 40% of it is actually packaging. And when you look at what can be mechanically recycled of that 40%, only 25% to 30% can realistically be mechanic recycled and the vast majority of that recycling is actually into textiles, not back into bottles, because you have to have extremely clean polymer to clean up and melt back into a bottle. So it’s very limited on how you can actually solve the packaging problem with mechanical recycling, and then all the carpet and textiles pretty much ends up in landfill, because mechanical recycling again doesn’t really have an ability to do something with it. So under any of these scenarios, when you look at all this waste and we want as much mechanical recycling to happen as possible, because it has a good carbon footprint, it’s going to be very limited and it also doesn’t have a long-term life because through mechanical recycling, the polymer breaks down after sort of five cycles. So, in a molecular recycling, which is what we’re doing is essential to really solving this problem, and again, it’s essential because the alternative materials have a worse carbon footprint. So we’re really excited to be a leader in how to solve this and the advantage of being a leader for our feedstock teams are out there engaging on multiple sources is we’re way ahead of everyone else and going to commercial scale, right? We only -- in the polyester world, we only have other sort of small startups attempting to get into this space on the planet and they don’t have the resources that we have in technology, operations, how to build the scale of a plant, et cetera. So when we engage with the brands. We have a compelling story not just of the solution but our ability to actually deliver it and be scalable in how we do it. And when you’re willing to assign value to a waste that’s going to landfill versus landfill, customer and suppliers engage quite actively and so we’re feeling very good about being able to access that. So we’re not going to get in there with the prices. We’re keeping our strategy and details of how we’re accessing feedstock confidential as a competitive advantage in our point of view. But we’re very confident we can access waste at a very affordable level. And then on the customer side, the customers recognize that recycled content is going to be at a premium. As we shared with you all the way back in January, the premium that our PET is getting relative to fossil fuel-based PET is substantial, 60%, 80% premium in Europe right now. The premiums aren’t that far behind us and are now starting to climb in the U.S. as well. So they know that this is going to cost additional money. And what we can provide is more certainty on the price and predictability, then what you can get from the spot, our PET market that’s at the food grade level. So, that’s also part of our value proposition on our air gas models. While we want to make long -- while we have to have long-term commitments for our customers to make our economics work, it also is structured in a way that gives them a lot more price certainty and how to manage their business. So, I think, it works for both parties.