Timothy McKay
Analyst · CIBC World Markets
Thank you, Lance. Good morning, everyone. Recently, there has been industry events and a few related articles on Canadian Natural, and we felt at our earnings call we take the time to reinforce why we are unique relative to our peers.
So moving to Slide 2. Canadian Natural's strategy includes a flexible, effective, efficient allocation and our ability to be nimble to capture opportunities. Our strategy is simply to optimize capital allocation to maximize value for our shareholders, while ensuring we are maintaining a strong balance sheet. We have a defined growth value enhancement plan for every product and basin we operate in. This is driven by our effective and efficient operations, our area knowledge, ownership and operatorship of infrastructure. We have a history of capital discipline, operational excellence, and we have robust long-life, low-decline assets and low maintenance capital relative to most of our peers and ability to grow production, all which results in more long-term value for our shareholders.
Opportunistic acquisitions have always been a part of our strategy. However, we have no gaps in our portfolio and acquisitions need to make sense and add long-term value. We have a culture of continuous improvement, leveraging technology innovation throughout the company, which gives us leading environmental, social and governance results.
Moving to Slide 3. Canadian Natural has a long history of successfully balancing our 4 pillars of capital allocation, with a focus on maximizing shareholder value. Our 4 pillars are balance sheet strength, return to shareholders, resource value growth and opportunistic acquisitions. Our ability to generate significant and sustainable free cash flow, ensures strengthening balance sheet and a sustainable and growing returns to shareholders. We are prudent and disciplined in our allocation to resource development while maintaining flexibility to adjust when necessary.
We have a strong track record of effective and efficient operations and low maintenance capital. Finally, opportunistic acquisitions have always been a part of our strategy, however, we have no gaps in our portfolio, and as a result, any acquisition must add value to our shareholders. Balancing of these 4 pillars with a focus on value creation maximizes long-term shareholder value.
Slide 4. Here are some of the reasons we believe Canadian Natural should have a premium value. First, Canadian Natural has a unique and diverse asset base, which also has long-life, low-decline assets, which are large, low-risk, high-value reserves with low maintenance capital. Secondly, we have top-tier cost structure and a balance of commodity diversification, which is maximized as prices change. Finally, effective capital allocation, which is focused on return of capital, balance sheet and our teams are continuously improving our operations and ESG performance. These are all competitive advantages that justify a premium valuation.
Slide 5, as can be seen here in this chart, we have one of the lowest maintenance capital, giving us an advantage over many of our peers. Slide 6, Canadian Natural's 1P reserves are the highest among Canadian peers, showing the strength and depth of our assets with approximately 30-year reserve life index, of which, 60% represents long-life no decline SCO reserves that has significant lower risk and no differential risk, significantly different than our Canadian peers.
Slide 7 is when you compare our total proved reserves to our global peers of greater than 5 billion barrels, Canadian Natural is the only Canadian company. It clearly shows the depth and magnitude of Canadian Natural reserves and it's only then it can truly be appreciated.
Slide 8. Since 2012, Canadian Natural has shown significant reserves per share growth when compared to our Canadian peers. Slide 9. Since 2012, Canadian Natural has shown significant reserves per share growth when compared to our global peers, an impressive track record. Slide 10, strategic growth capital acquisition opportunities completed in the company's free cash flow allocation that does not impact our current year and cash returns to shareholders.
Slide 11 shows our free cash flow allocation policy. Since achieving net debt levels in 2021 below $15 billion with Q1 2022 ending at approximately $13.8 billion. In 2022, we target to allocate 50% of the cash flow to share repurchases and 50% of the cash flow to balance sheet, less strategic growth capital acquisitions, all defined in our free cash flow policy allocation. Mark will discuss this further as we have enhanced our policy.
Slide 12, for the first quarter, we would like to highlight 2 of our recent strategic acquisitions. The first is at Pike where we acquired the remaining 50% interest in those lands. By having the facilities, area knowledge, we can leverage this to improve timing, cost and cost effectively develop these lands, adding significant value to our shareholders long term.
On Slide 13, the second acquisition was in the Wembley Area in the liquids-rich Montney natural gas fairway. Once again, we have the expertise, infrastructure and legacy lands to enable us to develop these lands cost effectively and once again create more long-term value for our shareholders.
Slide 14, in summary, Canadian Natural has a proven effective strategy, and we are delivering in today's environment and will continue in the future. Canadian Natural's ability to deliver significant free cash flow is driven by our effective and efficient operations, high-quality assets that have low maintenance capital at approximately $3.5 billion and significant reserves. Our culture of continuous improvement is unique among our peers as our teams are focused on delivering operational excellence across our asset base. We will continue to leverage technology, innovation to reduce their environmental footprint. Few, if any of our peers can be robust through all the cycles, show economic growth, have a sustainable growing dividend of 22 years, increase in returns to shareholders showed debt reduction, Canadian Natural is truly robust through all the cycle. That concludes our slides. I will now talk to the first quarter.
Canadian Natural delivered strong operational results in the first quarter of 2022 as we achieved quarterly production of approximately 1.28 million BOEs per day, which include record natural gas production of over 2 Bcf a day. Liquids production was also strong at approximately 946,000 barrels a day, primarily a result of our robust, long-life, low-decline assets and operational excellence throughout the company. This combined with our capital discipline generated significant free cash flow as we continue to balance the free cash flow to our 4 pillars of capital allocation, maximizing value for our shareholders.
We returned approximately $1.8 billion to our shareholders through dividend and share repurchase in the first quarter of this year, maintained depth, maintained capital discipline and executed on opportunistic acquisitions, which will add significant long-term value. We continue to apply the same drive to ESG, environmental, social and governance, to deliver industry-leading performance across the board, a significant factor in our long-term sustainability.
As we move forward, we will continue to outline our pathway to lower carbon emissions across the asset base and our journey to achieve our goal of Net Zero GHG emissions in the Oil Sands. Canadian Natural continues to leverage technology, innovation, reduce its environmental footprint while ensuring safe, reliable, effective and efficient operations. Canadian Natural has multiple pathways to achieve Net Zero with actions identified in the near, mid and long term. And the strength of Canadian Natural's Oil Sands Mining asset is that with its long life, no decline, and with its manufacturing-like operations, it can have one of the clearest group, if not the clearest group to Net Zero of any global assets.
I'll now do a brief overview of our assets, starting with natural gas. Overall, in Q1 '22, natural gas production was just over 2 Bcf per day, which was a record for the company, a 26% increase over Q1 2021. For North American operations, Q1 2022 natural gas production was 1.988 Bcf per day versus approximately 1.6 Bcf per day for Q1 '21, up significantly, primarily as the result of the company's strategic decision to invest in our drill-to-fill strategy, adding low-cost, high-value, liquid-rich natural gas production volumes as well as opportunistic acquisitions.
Our Q1 2022 natural gas operating costs were $1.28 per Mcf, up 3% compared to Q1 2021 of $1.24 per Mcf. Good operating performance as our teams continue to focus on operational excellence. A couple of area highlights are in Northeast BC, production from 7.5 net wells that recently came on stream had strong production levels, totaling approximately 59 million cubic feet per day of natural gas and 4,200 barrels a day of liquids, which exceeded our budgeted levels and has excellent capital efficiencies of approximately $3,100 per BOEd.
Within our Deep Basin core area, 6 net wells came on stream with strong production levels totaling approximately 78 million cubic feet of natural gas and 2,700 barrels a day of liquids, exceeding our budgeted levels resulting in top-tier capital efficiency of $2,800 per BOEd. Looking forward on an annual strip basis, AECO prices for 2022 was very strong at approximately $560 per GJ, an increase of approximately 67% over 2021 level, improving our economics of our low-cost, drill-to-fill rich natural gas projects.
For North American light oil and NGL Q1 '22 production was 107,478 barrels per day, up 16% from Q1 2021, primarily as a result of our strong drilling results and previous acquisitions. Q1 2022 operating costs were strong at $15.24 a barrel versus Q1 2021 operating costs of $16.07 per barrel, primarily due to increased volumes.
An area to highlight is in the Gold Creek area, 2 net wells on a light oil crude pad in the Montney came on stream with strong production levels totaling approximately 1,750 barrels a day of liquids exceeding our budgeted volumes by approximately 750 barrels a day for the past.
Our international assets in Q1 '22 had oil production of 31,703 barrels, which is comparable to Q1 '21 level. Offshore Africa annual -- Offshore Africa first quarter was 15,742 barrels a day versus Q1 '21 of 11,854 barrels a day with operating costs of $13.38 per barrel versus Q1 '21 of $16.57 per barrel. In the North Sea, production in Q1 averaged 15,961 barrels a day versus Q1 of 19,959 and had operating costs of $64.24 per barrel. Our international assets continue to generate free cash flow and value for the company.
Moving to heavy oil. Production was 63,000 barrels -- approximately 63,000 barrels a day in Q1 '22 comparable to Q1 2021, primarily due to strong drilling results and increased development activities in 2022. Operating costs in Q1 2022 were higher at $22 per barrel versus the Q1 operating costs of $18.89 per barrel, primarily a result of higher energy-related costs.
At Smith, 7 net wells of multilateral Clearwater wells were completed on time in the quarter with early production rates totaling approximately 2,100 barrels per day, resulting in a capital efficiency of approximately $7,600 per BOEd, which was as budgeted. For Smith, the 2022 capital budget remains on track, targeting 11 wells per quarter for the remainder of the year to a low level schedule that will drive cost efficiencies, targeting 41 net horizontal wells to be drilled and placed on production during the year.
A key component of our long-life, low-decline assets is our world-class Pelican Lake pool, where our leading-edge polymer flood continues to deliver significant value. Q1 2022 production was 51,991 barrels a day versus Q1 2021 production average of 55,498 barrels a day, only a 6% decline, reflecting the very low decline nature of this property. The team continues to do a great job, and we had strong Q1 2022 operating costs of $7.48 a barrel, a slight increase from our Q1 2021 operating costs of $7.38 per barrel. With our low decline and very low operating costs, Pelican Lake continues to have excellent netbacks.
We had another strong quarter in thermal in situ operations in 2022 as we continue to leverage our continuous improvement culture and our expertise to deliver effective and efficient operations. In Q1 2022 production was 261,743 barrels a day, slightly down from Q1 2021 production of 267,530 barrels a day. In Q1, the operating costs were $14.35 per barrel, which is up comparing Q1 2021 operating costs of $11.40, primarily a result of increased energy-related costs.
At Kirby South, drilling has commenced on the first of 3 SAGD pads and is targeted to come on stream in mid-2023, with targeted capital efficiencies of approximately $8,000 per BOEd. At Primrose, drilling has also commenced on the first of 2 CCS (sic) [ CSS ] pads, targeting to come on stream as well in mid-2023 with a targeted average capital efficiency of approximately $10,000 per BOEd.
Finally, Canadian Natural is continuing to progress the engineering and design of the commercial scale solvent SAGD pad development at Kirby North, which targets to commence solvent injections in early 2024. In the company's world-class Oil Sands Mining and Upgrading assets, we had Q1 2022 production averaging 429,826 barrels a day of SCO, down from Q1 of 2021, primarily a result of the Scotford facility restrictions and the commencement of the planned major turnaround at the site in the quarter. The team had Q1 2022 operating costs that remain industry-leading averaging $24.60 per barrel of SCO versus the Q1 2021 operating cost of $19.82 per barrel. This increase was primarily driven by decreased production volumes and higher energy-related costs. The planned turnaround at the non-operated Scotford Upgrader began March 15 and is currently trending 5 to 10 days longer than the original target of 65 days.
At Horizon, the planned turnaround is targeted to commence May 17 for a full plant outage for approximately 32 days. At Horizon, the reliability enhancement project is progressing as planned, with high-end activities targeted during the turnaround with the installation of the additional VDU furnace. Overall, the 2022 annual production target remains unchanged.
I will now turn it over to Mark for a financial review.