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Codexis, Inc. (CDXS)

Q4 2015 Earnings Call· Thu, Mar 3, 2016

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Transcript

Operator

Operator

Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by. Welcome to the Codexis’ 2015 Fourth Quarter and Full Year Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. Following managements’ prepared remarks; we will hold a question-and-answer session. Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this conference is being recorded today November 4, 2015. I’d now like to turn the call over to Mr. Bruce Voss of LHA. Please go ahead sir.

Bruce Voss

Management

This is Bruce Voss with LHA. Thank you all for participating in today’s call to discuss 2015 fourth quarter and full-year financial results and business progress. Joining me from Codexis are John Nicols, President and Chief Executive Officer; and Gordon Sangster, the Company’s Chief Financial Officer; Douglas Sheehy, the Company’s Chief Administrative Officer, General Counsel & Secretary will be available for the Q&A session. During today’s call, management will be making a number of forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include 2016 financial guidance including total revenues and gross margin as a percentage of total revenues, key assumptions relating to the Company’s August 2015 CodeEvolver license agreement with Merck, including the timing of recognizing revenue for the second technology transfer milestone payment in 2016, the expectation that Merck will ask Codexis to perform more research services for Merck in 2016, and 2017 beyond services currently required in the license agreement and the expectation that the technology transfer process will finish in 2016. Key assumptions relating to the Company’s July 2014 CodeEvolver license agreement with GSK, including the timing of completing Wave 3 tech transfer, and of receiving the associated $7.5 million milestone payment, and the expectation that the technology transfer process will finish in 2016. The Company’s expectation that it will see growth in its core biocatalysis R&D services and product business is in 2016, the product revenues will be the fastest growing category in 2016 and that revenues in 2016 will be relatively evenly distributed among the four quarters other than the Merck and GSK milestone payments. The Company’s expectation that it will work in a new adjacency industry in 2016, maintaining a healthy cash balance in 2016 and enter into a third CodeEvolver license transaction in 2017 or sooner, the Company’s expectation that it will prevail and its litigation…

John Nicols

Management

Thanks, Bruce. Good afternoon everyone and thank you for joining us. It is with great pleasure, that I review for you today the very solid, strengthening position of Codexis 2015 marked the second year in a row of double-digit revenue growth for the company. Not only did we deliver $41.8 million in sales last year, a growth of 18%, we did so with a continuation of expanding gross profit margins on our sales. Two years ago in 2013, our gross profit margins were 54% last year and nearly $10 million higher sales. Our margins were a remarkable 84%. With these top line improvements coupled with our controlling of R&D and SG&A expenses to very stable levels, you can see our dramatic progress towards corporate profitability, reducing net losses over the prior year by over $11million or 60%, and delivering our first full-year of non-GAAP profitability in 2015. For 2016, we are putting forward today annual guidance metrics that continue that strengthening, guiding to grow our revenues again by at least 10% and continuing to deliver these exceptional gross profit margins of greater than 80%. Our business model is driving improvement in all the core areas, as we start 2016. CodeEvolver licensing revenues have been leading the way in the recent past and that continues in 2016. We expect to finish the technology transfer chapters for both of our ongoing CodeEvolver deals with GSK and Merck in 2016, setting us up confidently for another year of growth in this revenue category. It has been highly rewarding to successfully collaborate with clients such as these two great pharmaceutical companies. These relationships have become intimate and have prospects to change and grow in satisfying ways, beyond just the work of transferring the platform technology. For example we are delighted to see Merck, lining…

Gordon Sangster

Management

Great. Thanks, John. Overview of our financial highlights starting with the fourth quarter. Total revenues were $11.6 million and this compares with $14.2 million in the prior year quarter, which included a $5 million milestone payment from GSK. We're reporting $6.4 million in biocatalyst R&D revenues which included licensing fees from our biopharmaceutical collaboration as well as fees from a new R&D project to develop an enzyme for a recently launched drug. We also recognized $3.1 million from a settlement for past-due payments and a buyout of future payments associated with royalties from a non-core legacy customer. Biocatalyst product sales were $4.5 million down about $300,000 from the prior year changes – due to changes in timing of customer orders and product shipment. Biocatalyst product sales included $1.7 million in shipments during the quarter to our food ingredient customer. Our revenue-sharing arrangement with Exela contributes $773,000 to revenues. Gross profit as a percentage of total revenues for the fourth quarter of 2015 improved to 78%, up from 75% in the 2014 quarter due to product mix. R&D expenses were $5.2 million up about $3 million from the prior year due to higher employee related and outside services expenses partially offset by a lower laboratory supplies and equipment depreciation expense. SG&A expenses were $6 million, 17% increase from the fourth quarter of 2014 primarily due to an increase in employee related and legal expenses. The net loss for the quarter was $2.1 million or $0.05 per share. This compares with net income of $345,000 or $0.01 per share for the fourth quarter of 2014, which benefited from the $5 million milestone payment from GSK. Non-GAAP adjusted net income for the quarter was $622,000 or $0.02 per diluted share compared with non-GAAP adjusted net income a year ago of $2.8 million or…

John Nicols

Management

Thanks for that financial review. As Gordon just detailed, we ended 2015 with strength, and that is carrying forward into our providing a solid financial guidance outlook for Codexis in 2016. Our strategy to drive our flagship CodeEvolver protein engineering technology into as many high-value commercializable applications as possible, is working well. We hope this call brings you together with us in sharing the enthusiasm for our continued success in 2016 and beyond. With these comments, I’d like to open the call for questions. Operator?

Operator

Operator

[Operator Instructions]

John Nicols

Management

While we are waiting for our first question, I would like to mention that we’ll be presenting at the B. Riley Investor Conference being held in Los Angeles on May 25 and 26. We hope to see you there. The webcast of that presentation will be available on our website for those of you unable to attend. Okay, operator, we’re ready for the first question.

Operator

Operator

Our first question comes from the line of Matt Tiampo with Craig-Hallum. Your line is open.

Matt Tiampo

Analyst

Good afternoon, gentlemen, and congratulations on strong finish to the year. I wanted to ask quickly, I mean additional asset that you’re hoping to pursue this year. Maybe you can give us a little bit color coating on what sort of impact that may have on the P&L and our path forward sort of breakeven and if that moves that out [indiscernible].

Gordon Sangster

Management

It potentially moves depending on other things, but we think between about $1 million to $1.5 million in total. And that’s mainly due to adding two new teams to go after some of these potential assets.

John Nicols

Management

Just Matt, we have to add new people in the R&D area, because the R&D capacity of the company is full up today with funded projects. So in order for us to go after these new therapeutic areas, we have to do some modest incremental hiring.

Matt Tiampo

Analyst

Okay, great. And maybe just following up on that. In terms of PKU and your plans for PKU in additional funding and development there, what you think the question that you need to answer to find a partner, a viable partner for at the terms that you’d look like are?

John Nicols

Management

Sure, Matt. This is John. Where we’ve been doing like I said in my prepared remarks, series of animal studies around our PKU enzyme, therapeutic enzyme and we continue to do experiments that lead us ultimately to the decision to advance to IND enabling preclinical studies. And those studies are a notable, potential increased expense. And we haven’t reached that milestone point at this point. So if we were to continue to see the advancement of the PKU therapeutic enzyme to that point, we would detail that in a subsequent call. And clearly our primary goal as a company continues to be drive to corporate profitability. And so, as we bring forward – should we bring forward the PKU asset for additional funding towards IND enabling preclinical studies. We would have strong buyers to partner that asset to try to partner that asset to make sure that the funding impact on our company is regulated and doesn’t dramatically impact our pathway to corporate profitability.

Matt Tiampo

Analyst

Okay, great. Maybe just switching gears for a minute quickly. Can you give us a little bit more color on the impacts that enzyme markets had on your business? When you started to see them show up in a marketplace? How meaningful a competitor, I know you said [indiscernible] they’ve then so far. And then also anything you could help us get to that magnitude of both of their impact, and what special spend could be on the label side in 2016? Thanks.

Douglas Sheehy

Analyst

Hey, Matt this is Doug, I’ll take this question. We’re not going to probably speak with great specifics about the potential impact or the actual impact that we’ve seen from enzyme works, but generally we have noted them increasingly in the marketplace over the last few years. So we’re – it’s really not, use the bunch to quantify it, but we have noted them in the marketplace. And it was a partial motivation for why we decided to take the action that we did.

Matt Tiampo

Analyst

Okay. And then maybe Gordon on the potential impact in the expense standpoint?

Gordon Sangster

Management

We can’t go into a lot of detail on that, Matt. I can tell you that we can comfortably afford to handle the litigation to its conclusion and maintain a healthy cash balance.

Matt Tiampo

Analyst

Okay, great. Thanks guys, I’ll hop back in the queue.

John Nicols

Management

Okay. Thank you, Matt.

Operator

Operator

Our next question comes from the line of Swayampakula Ramakanth with HC Wainwright. Your line is open.

Swayampakula Ramakanth

Analyst · HC Wainwright. Your line is open.

Thanks. And good afternoon gentleman, it’s a great year that you just concluded 2015.

John Nicols

Management

Thanks, Ramakanth.

Swayampakula Ramakanth

Analyst · HC Wainwright. Your line is open.

And going to 2016, in your prepared remarks, you talked about a third potential pharma partner coming up. So what amount of work has been done? And where are you in terms of signing this potential partner for revenues? Are any of the potential revenues included within your guidance at this point?

John Nicols

Management

Sure. Just to be clear, you’re asking about our prospects for a third CodeEvolver licensing deal like we’ve done with GSK and Merck, correct?

Swayampakula Ramakanth

Analyst · HC Wainwright. Your line is open.

Yes, kind of.

John Nicols

Management

Right. So SRK [ph] we have been promoting this idea to the large pharmaceutical companies for over a year now. And we have a list of prospects that are advancing discussions with us on that same kind of deal that we’ve done with GSK and Merck. Several of them have advanced, and we’re encouraged, and that gives us the encouragement to give clear statements of expectation that we expect to close another deal like GSK and Merck, certainly by 2017, by next year. We believe it’s optimistic to think that we will finalize the transaction for a third CodeEvolver license in this year, and so hence we have not included any revenues at all for a third CodeEvolver license in our 2016 guidance. If we were to conclude a transaction with the third CodeEvolver licensee in 2016, that would be all revenue and cash upside for our company.

Swayampakula Ramakanth

Analyst · HC Wainwright. Your line is open.

Okay, great. And then, regarding the collaboration, regarding the current work with Merck, one of the things which I thought was going to be interesting for 2016, was for Merck to completely transform their generally agenda of manufacturing processes, utilizing your CodeEvolver enzyme. Is that process, pretty much underway – where is it in that process and how confident are you that they were converted 100%. So you benefit from them?

John Nicols

Management

Sure. It is certainly well underway. It’s a very complicated process in a complicated manufacturing network of Merck’s. We are supporting their increased installation of the enzymatic processes across that network of Januvia and Janumet production. And that is what is leading us to showcase growth and product revenues for the enzymes that go into the Januvia franchise as part of our outlook for 2016 and what gives us confidence that it will continue with the growth of our enzyme to Merck's Januvia will be secure going forward and those were in my prepared remarks. So that's all good. We don't expect and Merck has not let us to expect that 100% of their manufacturing would ever be based on the enzymatic route because of complications for regulatory approvals in various countries around the world. However we do expect that ultimately will lead to expect by our customer that ultimately the majority of their production will be based on our enzyme and we're certainly well below the majority of the production today. So this is a really solid growth outlook for Codexis’ product revenues and a key part of why we're increasingly confident about growing product revenues in 2016 and thereafter.

Swayampakula Ramakanth

Analyst · HC Wainwright. Your line is open.

Okay. The next question is on the biotech partner that you are talking about that. How does that success in this new subsector help you in flagging new customers? And what kind of success rate are you meeting in that round?

John Nicols

Management

Sure. We're really proud of the work we did with this biopharma partner. We've been able to highlight it in each of the last couple of earnings calls including this one. How we – in this case we exceeded the expectations for protein to engineering performance in that program. And that's – we can't – we weren’t able to disclose who we're doing it with and what we're doing exactly. So we’re just showcasing it as a success but without specificity. However, that success coupled with our efforts in the PKU, therapeutic enzyme development, are two clear case studies that we can point to, to show potential new partners what CodeEvolver protein engineering can do for biologic development. And so we're encouraged. And we're hopeful that we'll strike more deals like that and be able to speak to it in upcoming investor calls, okay.

Swayampakula Ramakanth

Analyst · HC Wainwright. Your line is open.

Okay. And then in the food ingredients business what's the market opportunity there for Codexis? And it is a very competitive market, and what sort of penetration do you feel comfortable that you could achieve?

John Nicols

Management

We’re really just scratching the surface. We’ve been working in the pharmaceutical arena for over 10 years as you know. And we just started to approach companies in the food industry just two or three years ago. So we’re extremely pleased to now have commercialized our lead enzyme that we did $1.7 million of sales in the fourth quarter of 2015. We’re really pleased with the pace of that commercialization, we’re extremely pleased with the scale of the enzyme sales that that opportunity is leading us to. We have shown in the prepared remarks that we expect that business to grow again in 2016 compared to a quite strong 2015 revenue performance. And we are also happy to disclose that we started additional work with that same client and did a significant R&D project with a second client. So we’re really just scratching the surface now with three projects one which has accelerated very nicely and two others that we hope will commercialize and then hopefully move our projects in the food space to come. So really hard to quantify but it’s a growing percentage of our product revenues, it’s a growing percentage of our collaborative R&D project work as well.

Swayampakula Ramakanth

Analyst · HC Wainwright. Your line is open.

Okay the last question for Gordon. You gave a wide range in terms of revenue guidance going forward. So what’s the push and pull within that growth range and how do you plan to manage that?

Gordon Sangster

Management

I think a large part of it is the 20% growth in product revenues that we’re looking at this year driven primarily by Merck and our food ingredient customer although we are seeing ups and downs in other customer areas. But overall 20% to 25% growth in product revenues, I think it is pretty healthy. At the same time R&D service fee revenue, we’re looking to increase and we’ve got a number of projects in the pipeline that we hope will drive that revenue line this year and offset the decline that we anticipate in Exela as well as provide more opportunities for product shipments or licensing deals in the future.

Swayampakula Ramakanth

Analyst · HC Wainwright. Your line is open.

Okay. So that Exela’s revenue which declined this year. Is that expected the decline – not the same, I don’t if it is the same sort of decline to be expected or similar declines are expected in the future. How is that relationship set up?

Gordon Sangster

Management

We do expect further decline although we don’t control that product line. It’s controlled by Exela obviously. So just to be conservative, we’ve anticipated a further decline during 2016.

John Nicols

Management

Yes, I’d add, maybe a similar percentage decline, but now that it’s off to the smaller base the actual dollar decline will probably not be quite as dramatic that we had deal with last year

Swayampakula Ramakanth

Analyst · HC Wainwright. Your line is open.

Okay. Fantastic, thank you very much.

John Nicols

Management

Thank you [indiscernible].

Gordon Sangster

Management

Thank you.

Operator

Operator

Our next question comes from the line of Kevin DeGeeter with Ladenburg. Your line is open.

Kevin DeGeeter

Analyst · Ladenburg. Your line is open.

Hey, good afternoon guys. Thanks for taking my questions. Not to kind of be the topic there but I want to appreciate your comments John with regard to the sustainability of growth around that Januvia franchise, specifically with Merck having some pretty interesting and positive data around their long-acting DPP-4. Is that confidence driven based on demand and expectation for demand as it pertains to the current formulation of Januvia or should we interpret your comments, in the context of the Januvia franchise hopefully that’s the phrase you’ve used a couple of times to include the contribution of perhaps Codexis enzymes into the next generation long-acting product from Merck?

John Nicols

Management

Yes it’s great to observe like you that Merck’s Januvia franchise is healthy and growing. But our confident of Codexis is pretty much entirely built on our clear knowledge and actions to increase the percentage of their production that is based on our enzyme. So it’s really our growth and sales is a function of our growth and penetration of their network of manufacturing.

Kevin DeGeeter

Analyst · Ladenburg. Your line is open.

All right, great. Thanks for that clarity and just one or two other some of quick ones for me. Very impressive revenue from your [indiscernible] customer in the quarter $1.7 million is terrific. Just how should we in general think about ordering patterns for the customer going forward? Should we think about somewhat say consistent and growing potentially orders on a quarterly basis or will those tend to be lumpy perhaps or during once or twice a year?

Gordon Sangster

Management

Yes, I think, thanks Kevin I’ll take that. We do expect this customer to help us eliminate a lot of the lumpiness that we’ve seen in our revenues by quarter in the past. So I would expect shipments to them in each of Q2, Q3 and Q4, perhaps not quite as large as the one that we had in Q4, this certainly north of a $1 million.

Kevin DeGeeter

Analyst · Ladenburg. Your line is open.

Okay, terrific that's helpful. And then just maybe, if I may just in the context of some of the additional personnel you’re hiring to support, expand it, research for additional therapeutic enzymes. Should we think about the general skill set of those employees sort of being similar to the existing Codexis’ workforce in the context of really strength in protein engineering and design or well, some of those new hires also include certain skills that may enable toxicology or additional sort of preclinical work to be at least sort of manage from an in-house team as well in the future.

John Nicols

Management

Yes, really good question, Kevin. So the people that we referred to are associated with the very earliest stage of trying to create an enzyme candidate. And that is right in the heart of what we do for every client, its protein engineering. So these new employees to start new work for new therapeutic targets are very fungible with the existing 50 plus people we have in R&D. So it’s a same talent pool, that they’d be added to and we’re looking basically to supplement the same characters of individuals that we already have in R&D. As we get into later stage development like we’re starting to approach with PKU asset that strains us for new types of talents. And for the recent past and for the foreseeable future we’re primarily dependent on outsourcing and bringing in third-party experts to guide us at this stage of the company’s development as opposed to hiring in on just one potential program.

Kevin DeGeeter

Analyst · Ladenburg. Your line is open.

Okay. And then lastly just one more from me, if I may. And that’s just – can you kind of give us your current assessment as to when some of the downstream economics pertaining to the CodeEvolver partnerships. I’m thinking more really GSK than Merck here. May begin to flow into the company, I guess, GSK, you’ve been working with GSK for over a year now. Is that – could we see some, after the way it free some additional economics in 2017 or is that really 2018 and beyond?

John Nicols

Management

Well, I’m glad you recognized, it’s not going to be at all material in 2016, and 2017, it’s pretty early to see those back-end revenues as well. So I think the model that back-end is slowing from either the Glaxo or the Merck, CodeEvolver licensing deals are likely to really become remarkable material in the 2018 plus timeframe. We might start to see some growth. Some sales start to develop next year. We don’t have any of those revenues built into our current guidance in 2016.

Kevin DeGeeter

Analyst · Ladenburg. Your line is open.

Okay, great. That's all for me. Thanks for your help and congratulations on the progress.

John Nicols

Management

Thank you very much, Kevin.

Operator

Operator

Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our next question comes from the line of Steve Schwartz from First Analysis. Your line is open.

Steve Schwartz

Analyst

Good afternoon, gentlemen.

John Nicols

Management

Hey, Steve.

Gordon Sangster

Management

Hi, Steve.

Steve Schwartz

Analyst

I guess my first question, it sounds like you are working with an innovator who has a blockbuster drug to develop an enzyme for their process. I think you clarified it was not Merck, not GSK. Is that correct?

John Nicols

Management

Everything you said there is correct, yes.

Steve Schwartz

Analyst

Okay. And so how – what's the timing of that. How – from what you're looking at and I realize you're limited in what you can share as far as details, but is this something that would come to fruition in two years, three years, may be one year.

John Nicols

Management

So let me give a holistic answer. So we're in the middle of the R&D chapter. So in the fourth quarter, we generated R&D service revenues to start to work on the design of that enzyme. We expect that we'll have more R&D revenues from that client for this project in 2016. At some point and I'd say in this year, the R&D will stop. Hopefully, we will have hit our performance targets. And under the assumption that, this is deemed a better process by the clients then they go into their installation of that process. But the real timeline drag on product revenues for us is the regulatory timelines for a drug company to convert a process from that which was filed in their original drug filing to a new process. And that's a very complicated time consuming and significantly expensive process for a drug company. So we don't – we wouldn't expect that they would get that all done in 2016 for sure and hard to even imagine that they could in the successful scenario even get it done by the end of 2017. Now we could get some business and product shipments to validate at larger scale. So those would be nice product orders just aging for the commercialization, the commercial installation. And if we rewind to a long time ago with Merck that's what happened. We had some listings that helped them to scale up in their actual facilities and to get ready for the regulatory filings. But it’s quite time consuming. And so hopefully, that gives you some color on the outlook for a successful advancement of that project from the early days which we just announced.

Steve Schwartz

Analyst

I see. So John, can you tell me then is it simply an update to the DMF for the drug or would they have to go through clinical trials and that sort of thing, can you remind us…

John Nicols

Management

They would not have to go through clinical trials depending on the place in the chemistry chain for where our enzyme is used they would have to go through varying degrees of proving that their drug has not been changed by the changing process.

Steve Schwartz

Analyst

Okay.

John Nicols

Management

And so there's no clinical trials required which is good but to satisfy themselves first and then the regulatory authorities sometimes that the drug itself has not changed as a significant undertaking nonetheless.

Steve Schwartz

Analyst

Okay, thank you. That's helpful. And then John in your opening remarks you made a comment about Merck. You said that you were doing more work for them than you would originally expected and for some reason I heard that to mean you're doing work for them outside of the licensing agreement. Do I understand or did I hear that correctly that way or is it all within the licensing agreement?

John Nicols

Management

So you heard it quite correctly. The licensing agreement has provisions that allow us to do additional R&D service work for Merck at our R&D facilities here in California. And there were certain amount of R&D work that was negotiated with Merck when we consummated the licensing deal and Merck has come back and asked us to do more work than that. And we're excited about that it just – it shows just how much applicability Merck sees for designing novel proteins to affect their processes. That they forecast and see the need to have us do more work than what was originally contemplated in the licensing agreement. And they've given us an indication that that work will carry forward into 2017. Even as we expect the CodeEvolver license tech transfer will be done this year. So a very encouraging development with Merck.

Steve Schwartz

Analyst

And so would you agree that this is certainly a reflection of or addresses a concern that some people have that when you sign one of these licensing agreements you're kind of giving away the store this indicates otherwise that they still need you beyond the licensing agreement.

John Nicols

Management

Like I said in my prepared remarks, Steve thanks for pointing this out. We’re getting very, very intimate with GSK and Merck in these licensing deals and it’s helping us to fully understand everywhere that they see protein engineering can apply and it’s given us the opportunity to talk about things that we would not have normally talked about without CodeEvolver licensing intimacy. So, very much so it’s clearly Codexis target to not have a diminishment of relationship with these clients after we’ve thought them and train them how to run protein engineering on their own and it’s great to see that start to unfold with Merck, and we hope it can unfold that way with all of our licensees ultimately.

Steve Schwartz

Analyst

Yes, okay. And my next question – last question is for Gordon. And Gordon, in your prepared remarks as you went through some of the contributors to revenue in the fourth quarter. It sounded like you noted some revenue from a royalty’s buy out from a legacy customer. Did I steer that correctly and can you talk about that?

Gordon Sangster

Management

Sure. Yes, you heard correctly, and we have been collecting royalties from a particular customer for I think a few years now. But then we’ve discovered during the year that the basis for the calculation of the royalties was wrong. And so we approached them about correcting the error. And in the process of negotiating the correction of the error, we ended up settling the disagreement with them so that we were paid for past two royalties, and achieved a settlement for our future royalties on what had been a declining royalty stream. So overall it was a good outcome for us. And I’d point out that we don’t have non-recurring items like that in our 2016 guidance. And the quarterly revenues should settle down to a more normal even standard. So that was really just a settlement of past two royalties.

Steve Schwartz

Analyst

Okay.

John Nicols

Management

Steve, if you don’t mind that we had built into our 2015 guidance all along, an expectation of settlement in the range that we ultimately settled.

Steve Schwartz

Analyst

Okay. It doesn’t sound like you want to give me that number.

John Nicols

Management

The number was detailed in our press release and it was $3.1 million.

Steve Schwartz

Analyst

I see it here. Okay, very good. Okay, thank you very much.

John Nicols

Management

Yes, thanks, Steve.

Gordon Sangster

Management

Thanks.

Operator

Operator

Our next question comes from the line of James Liberman with Wells Fargo. Your line is open.

James Liberman

Analyst · Wells Fargo. Your line is open.

Yes. Thank you. It’s great to see how things are progressing, thank you.

Gordon Sangster

Management

Thank you.

John Nicols

Management

Thanks, Jim.

James Liberman

Analyst · Wells Fargo. Your line is open.

I just wondered, since you have had significant activities with a number of pharmaceutical companies over the years, might you come to a point where in fact, you don’t just get one but maybe two companies, one would do the CodeEvolver licensing. And if so, could you manage two such events in one year?

John Nicols

Management

I’ll start with the second question first, Jim. The answer is absolutely we can manage two, maybe even more. We’re managing two right now with Glaxo and Merck. And we would love to see that outcome unfold although we wouldn’t set an expectation that is likely we would be able to sign up more than one in a year, although we’re trying.

James Liberman

Analyst · Wells Fargo. Your line is open.

Thank you. And just another question in terms of perspective. When you are working with Glaxo or Merck, and I guess there is a certain degree in which you’ve certainly helped in terms of transferring the CodeEvolver technology. Do you really have an intimate knowledge of their product development and might you’d be surprise that they may be closer to bring out another product using your enzyme technology, then you have knowledge of right now?

John Nicols

Management

Yes. It’s possible, but we’re very close and pretty open door between our company and these two partners on all of the potential places where biocatalysis can make sense for them. And in a fact, doing the CodeEvolver license, we were shrinking the cost associated with working with us, four of our projects. So it actually opens up for them to do more biocatalysis development work because they don’t have to worry about paying Codexis for the R&D time going forward after the licenses in place. So in a fact, we’re quite close, we have good feel for those areas where we probably be surprised as in much earlier stage discovery efforts. There’s a lot of discovery efforts taking place in big pharma companies. And the pharmaceutical companies don’t spend a lot in process development until it gets in the clinic. So we could be surprise and hopefully on the positive side for all the things that might come out of discovery. But if you think about those projects that are in clinical stage for GSK or Merck, we probably know the large majority of those areas where it makes sense to apply a biocatalysis.

James Liberman

Analyst · Wells Fargo. Your line is open.

Okay. These really our great relationships and I’m thinking the downstream of just terrific. Congratulations.

John Nicols

Management

Thank you very much, Jim.

Operator

Operator

Thank you. And I’m showing no further questions at this time. I’d like to turn the call back to Mr. Nicols for closing remarks.

John Nicols

Management

Okay. Thank you very much. I’d like to close by thanking you for joining us this afternoon. We’re proud of our execution and strong financial performance in 2015, and we’re very excited about our prospects for 2016. We look forward to providing a progress report on the next quarterly conference call. Have a great day. Thank you very much.