Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to Cathay General Bancorp's Second Quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call. My name is Ashia, and I will be your coordinator for today. [Operator Instructions] Today's call is being recorded and will be available for replay at www.cathaygeneralbancorp.com. Now I would like to turn the call over to Georgia Lo, Investor Relations of Cathay General Bancorp. Please go ahead.

Thank you, Ashia, and good afternoon. Here to discuss the financial results today are Mr. Chang Liu, our President and Chief Executive Officer; and Mr. Heng Chen, our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Before we begin, we wish to remind you that the speakers on this call may make forward-looking statements within the meaning of the applicable provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 concerning future results and events, and that these statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. These results and uncertainties are further described in the company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, at Item 1A in particular, and in other reports and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time. As such, we caution you not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements speaks only as of the date on which it is made and except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or review any forward-looking statements to reflect future circumstances, developments or events or the occurrence of unanticipated events. This afternoon, Cathay General Bancorp issued an earnings release outlining its second quarter 2025 results. To obtain a copy of our earnings release as well as our earnings presentation, please visit our website at cathaygeneralbancorp.com. After comments by management today, we will open up this call for questions. I will now turn the call over to our President and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Chang Liu.

Thank you, Georgia, and good afternoon. This afternoon, we reported a net income of $77.4 million for Q2 2025, an 11.4% increase as compared to $69.5 million for Q1 2025. Diluted earnings per share increased 12.2% to $1.10 for Q2 2025 as compared to $0.98 in Q1 2025. During Q2 2025, we repurchased 804,179 shares of our common stock at an average cost of $44.22 per share for $35.6 million under the June 2025, $150 million stock repurchase program. In Q2 2025, total gross loans increased $432 million or 8.9% annualized, primarily driven by increases of $196 million in commercial loans, $202 million in commercial real estate loans and $69 million in residential loans offset by decreases of $32 million in construction loans. Given the strong Q2 loan growth, we are revising our 2025 loan growth guidance back to 3% to 4%, from the previously revised guidance of 1% to 4%. Slide 6 shows the percentage of loans in each major loan portfolio that are either at a fixed-rate or hybrid loans in their fixed-rate period. Our loan portfolio consists of 62% fixed-rate in hybrid loans, excluding fixed-to-float interest rate swaps of 4.9% of total loans. Fixed-rate loans comprised 30% of total loans and hybrid in fixed-rate period comprised 32% of total loans. We expect these fixed-rate loans to support our loan yields as market rates are expected to decline. We continue to track our commercial real estate loans. Turning to Slide 8 of our earnings presentation. As of June 30, 2025, the average loan-to-value of our CRE loans remained at 49%. As of June 30, 2025, our retail property loan portfolio, as shown on Slide 9, comprises 24% of our total CRE loan portfolio or 13% of our total loan portfolio. 90% of the $2.5 billion in retail property…

Thank you, Chang, and good afternoon, everyone. For Q2 2025, net income increased $7.9 million or 11.4% to $77.4 million from $69.5 million for Q1 2025, primarily due to $4.6 million in higher net interest income, $4.3 million lower provision for credit losses and $4.2 million higher in noninterest expense -- sorry, in noninterest income offset by $3.5 million higher in noninterest expense and $1.7 million higher in provision for income taxes. Net interest margin increased from 3.25% for Q1 2025 to 3.27% for Q2 2025. Increase in net interest income was due to the lower cost of funds. In Q2 2025, interest recoveries and prepayment penalties added 3 basis points to the net interest margin as compared to adding 6 basis points in net interest margin for Q1 2025. Noninterest income for Q2 2025 increased $4.2 million to $15.4 million when compared to $11.2 million in Q1 2025. The increase was primarily due to a $2.8 million change in mark-to-market unrealized loss in equity securities in Q2 compared to unrealized plus in equity securities in Q1 and a $2.4 million increase in other operating income resulting from higher foreign exchange income and derivative fee income, offset by $1.2 million lower in wealth management income. Noninterest expense increased by $3.4 million or 4% to $89.1 million in Q2 2025 from $85.7 million in Q1 2025. This increase was primarily due to a $2.1 million increase in long-term housing amortization and a $1.4 million increase in professional expenses. The effective tax rate for Q2 2025 was 19.56% as compared to 19.82% for Q1 2025. Due to a recent California tax legislation, we are updating our guidance for the effective tax rate to between 18.5% to 19% from the previous guidance between 19.5% to 20.5%. As of June 30, 2025, our Tier 1 leverage capital ratio increased to 11.07% as compared to 11.06% as of March 31, 2025. Our Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio decreased to 13.34% from 13.58% as of March 31, 2025, and our total risk-based capital ratio decreased to 14.9% from 15.19% as of March 31, 2025.

Thank you, Heng. We will now proceed to the question-and-answer portion of the call.

[Operator Instructions] The first question comes from Gary Tenner with D.A. Davidson.

In terms of the income tax rate for this quarter, was there any direct impact from that California state change that drove the income taxes higher this quarter? And if so, what amount?

Yes, $3.4 million that's a result of writing off a portion of our deferred tax asset to reflect a lower state apportionment -- lower California state apportionment.

Okay. And then just on the ACL, I know down 2 basis points quarter-over-quarter, but you did have the charge-off that was, I think, specifically reserved for. So what kind of drove the refill of that bucket this quarter of the allowance this quarter?

Well, there's a lot of noise this quarter, Gary. We have -- let me start with -- we use Moody's as an economic forecast, variable for our ACL. And Moody's, the unemployment factor increased by 40 basis points compared to March. And since 5 of our 6 loan pools, the 1 of the dependent variables is unemployment that added more. We had loan growth, which added more, and offsetting that, we reduced specific provision for tariffs. We're not seeing any impact on our importers. We had set up a reserve in Q1 for that. And then secondly, we had another credit that was on nonaccrual, and we increased the collateral as part of the bankruptcy settlement. We had a special reserve against that credit, which we now no longer need.

So Heng, the refill of the ACL primarily related, would you say, just to the economic factors in Moody's model more than any of the portfolio specifics.

That's right. That's right.

The next question comes from Andrew Terrell with Stephens.

I wanted to ask on just the loan growth and the guidance first. It feels like after a really strong second quarter that loan growth would need to revert to that low single digit pace for kind of the next 2 quarters to stay within that kind of full year guidance that you updated this afternoon. I'm just curious what you're seeing in terms of pipeline today and kind of the growth outlook for the back half of the year. And maybe just curious what's keeping you from maybe raising the top end of the loan growth guidance.

So, Andrew, I think what we look at is really there's been a balanced growth in both the C&I side and the commercial real estate side. On the C&I side, we're seeing both some increases on existing line and their advances as well as some new customers that we've been able to bring into the bank. As far as the sort of the second half, we're still -- we believe that we have a strong pipeline for the second half. Based on what we're seeing so far, and we're looking forward to getting those deals closed as well. We want to be a little -- I want to just kind of look at the whole economic landscape, both in terms of just there's still some tariff noise out there and some of the CPI adjustment and increases. So we just want to be sensitive to that. And if loan demand starts to drop, then we don't want to kind of not hit the top end of the range. That's why we kept the top end of the range at the 4%.

Yes, understood. Okay. And then I wanted to ask just a balance sheet related question on the -- it looks like in the period, the FHLB borrowing position stepped up quite a lot. Just curious any -- I think it was $412 million. Any color you can provide on whether those were term borrowings, overnight borrowings and what the weighted average rate was and you still got a good cash position. Should we expect you to keep those borrowings kind of going into the third quarter?

Andrew, we -- most of our loan growth was in the month of June. So that's why we had to borrow from the Federal Home Loan Bank. And those are mainly 2-week borrowings. The rate is probably 4.6%. So we're in a process of replacing that with broker CDs, which would be in the 4.3% or maybe a little bit lower. So we were just surprised, this is the treasury group. We were surprised by the surge in loan growth. So we didn't have time to ramp up broker CDs to match that.

The next question comes from Matthew Clark with Piper Sandler.

Can you just touch on the increase in classifieds. I may have missed it in your prepared remarks, but if you could just give us some color on what drove that $50 million increase? What drove it in terms of the type of credits and kind of what the situation is there?

Chang covered it. It was 1 commercial relationship. They had some cash flow issues. They didn't go 90 days past due. That's why it's still stay just only sub. And now they're catching up. So we hope that it will be fully current by the end of the third quarter, we have a program for that borrower to gradually reduce the borrowings.

And was that -- how large is that credit? Was that the entire increase?

Yes, it's in the high 40s. Almost all of it is secured by real estate, but we want to limit our exposure to that borrower given to the delinquency.

Got it. Okay. Great. And then just 2 kind of minor housekeeping items. The prepay fees in the margin this quarter, interest income I think there were $3.5 million last quarter.

Yes, it's 3 basis points this quarter compared to 6 basis points in Q1.

Got it. And then the tax credit amortization expectations for 3Q and 4Q?

It would be about $11 million per quarter.

[Operator Instructions] The next question comes from Kelly Motta with KBW.

I wanted to circle back on loan growth and what you saw specifically on the commercial side. I appreciate the updated guide and the color there. But can you provide -- was there any unusual pulls in utilization? And how we should think about that? Is that part of the reason why we're seeing a kind of slowdown relative to such a strong 2Q in the back half of the year? Just any color would be helpful.

Yes. So on that end, I think a lot of the growth really was more kind of CRE. It was pretty balanced, but there was a larger proportion on the CRE side, and it was either purchase or refinance just our kind of traditional business. And then on the C&I end, we definitely have added new names and new relationship that also helped to propel the growth. But I would say, the advance on the existing lines, there were definitely some, but not as significant of a portion of the growth for Q2.

Got it. That's helpful. And then on the deposit pricing side, you guys have done an excellent job getting deposit cost down after the first couple of cuts. With your NIM expectations ahead, wondering have we seen most of the improvement we're going to get after the first 100 basis points of cuts? And two, I know the guidance provides 2 cuts in the back half of the year. Wondering how you guys are thinking about your ability to drive betas off of the next round of cuts?

Yes, Kelly, I think for -- we were doing some analysis on our betas and for some CD -- retail CD balances, the adjustments last rate cut was in the middle of December and those -- the CD rates since then, the June CD rates have been down more than 25 basis points because I think we're in slightly less promotional environment for CDs. And then we -- as I mentioned in the script, about 60% of our loans are fixed or hybrid and we were getting some repricing on the loans like our resident to mortgage, the originations in Q2 were at like 6.25% and the average portfolio yield on residential mortgage in the second quarter as 5.79%. And also on new CRE originations, I think we're getting a little bit of uplift as fixed-rate loans that we made 3 or 4 years ago repriced today. So we have a little bit of a backwind and our NIM should expand anytime there's another Fed rate cuts. We're just waiting for that to happen.

And to answer your first part of your question, I think we've pulled through on the 100 basis points cut that, for the most part, happened in the fourth quarter of 2023. So that's kind of -- '24, sorry. And that's pulled through for us I think it's reflected in our current deposit rates. I don't think there's any kind of tailwind on that part of it.

I will now turn the call back over to Cathay General Bancorp's management for closing remarks. Please go ahead.

I want to thank everyone for joining us on our call, and we look forward to speaking with you at our next quarterly earnings release call.

Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for your participation in today's conference. This concludes the presentation. You may now disconnect. Good day.