Earnings Labs

BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc. (BMRN)

Q2 2011 Earnings Call· Fri, Jul 29, 2011

$53.80

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Transcript

Operator

Operator

Good day, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to Quarter 2 2011 BioMarin Pharmaceutical Income Earning Conference Call. My name is Mauricio, I will be the operator for this conference call. [Operator Instructions] I would like now to turn the conference over to Ms. Eugenia Shen. Please go ahead.

Eugenia Shen

Analyst

Thank you. On the call today is J.J. Bienaimé, BioMarin's Chief Executive Officer; Jeff Cooper, Chief Financial Officer; Hank Fuchs, Chief Medical Officer; and Steve Aselage, Chief Business Officer. This nonconfidential presentation contains forward-looking statements about the business prospects of BioMarin Pharmaceutical, including expectations regarding BioMarin's financial performance, commercial products and potential future products in different areas of therapeutic research and development. Results may differ materially depending on the progress of BioMarin's product program, actions of regulatory authority, availability of capital, future actions in the pharmaceutical market and developments by competitors and those factors detailed in BioMarin's filings with SEC such as 10-Q, 10-K and 8-K report. I'd now like to turn the call over to J.J., BioMarin's CEO. Jean-Jacques Bienaimé: Thank you, Eugenia, and good afternoon, and thank you, all, for joining us on today's call. I have a few introductory comments before Jeff reviews the financials. And Steve provides some more details of commercial activities. Hank will then provide an update on our ongoing R&D programs before we open the call for questions. We are pleased with the progress we have made in the first half of 2011, starting with our commercial portfolio in the second quarter of 2011, and where the year-over-year increase in BioMarin net product revenue of 21% to $110 million, driven by another strong quarter from Naglazyme. Our cash balance was $412 million at the end of the second quarter, up from $394 million at the end of the first quarter of this year. As for our clinical and preclinical programs, we had been very busy and have made important progress on advancing our pipeline. As per our press release today, we now have data on GALNS Phase II extension, including data on patients treated for approximately 2 years. The GALNS Phase II extension…

Jeffrey Cooper

Analyst · Wedbush Securities

Thanks, J.J. I will start by reviewing product revenues for the second quarter of 2011, and then follow with a more in-depth look on our operating expenses and financial results. Beginning with Naglazyme, net product revenue was $50.3 million for the second quarter of 2011, an increase of 27.5% of some period of as compared to $47.3 million in the second quarter of 2010. Changes foreign currency rates net of hedges had a positive $1.1 million impact in the second quarter of 2011. Net sales of Aldurazyme by Genzyme were $44.5 million for the second quarter of 2011 as compared to net sales of $43.7 million for the second quarter of 2010. Foreign currency exchange rates caused an increase of total of Aldurazyme sales of $3.1 million in the second quarter of 2011. Net product revenue BioMarin-related Aldurazyme was $17.3 million for the second quarter of 2011, compared to net product revenue to BioMarin of $17.5 million for the second quarter of 2010. During the second quarter of 2011, there was no net impact from the inventory transfer revenue compared to a negative $0.2 million impact in the second quarter of 2010. Net product revenue for Kuvan of $28.8 million for the second quarter of 2011 increased 16.6% as compared to $24.7 million in the second quarter of 2010. Finally, net product revenue for Firdapse was $3.2 million for the second quarter of 2011, as compared to $1.1 million in the second quarter of 2010. Now I'll review gross margins, operating expenses and other items in more detail. Gross margins for Naglazyme were 83% for the 3 months ended June 30, 2011. Aldurazyme gross margins were 75% during the second quarter of 2011. Kuvan gross margin were 85% in the second quarter, which reflects the royalty payable in net sale…

Stephen Aselage

Analyst · Piper Jaffray

Thanks, Jeff. We are very pleased with the performance of our commercial portfolio in the first half of 2011. Naglazyme continues to do well with particularly strong contributions from Middle East, Latin America and Russia. We continue to find and start additional patients in market like the U.S. and Western Europe as well. Quarter-to-quarter sales are subject to significant fluctuations due to timing of very large orders by government entities. Kuvan posted its strongest quarter since launch with almost 1 million tablets dispensed, a 9.1% increase over the last quarter and a 16.2% increase over Q2 2010. The North American team has made some progress in addressing patient adherence and has had some success in getting previously discontinued patients back on therapy. Development of the home Phe monitor has experienced some delay due to the need for additional work to improve strip sensitivity. While the strip and meter function generally is hoped for, sensitivity at the lower end of the concentrations to be calculated needs some improvement. Improving sensitivity in that range will require additional work being done on the strip, which will delay availability. Our best estimate is approximately a one-year delay, although it is possible that things could proceed more rapidly. If any hardware changes prove to be necessary, however, the delay could push out to 18 months. We will keep you posted on our progress with this program. A significant progress has been made on the PKU-016 study, and that study has increased clinician awareness of the neurocognitive challenges faced by some PKU patients, which is extremely helpful. Additionally, we anticipate the results from the investigator-sponsored trial of Kuvan in autism will be presented at a Child Development Conference in October. Firdapse efforts continue in the EU and we've shown good progress in France and in Spain. Germany and the U.K. continue to present obstacles due to ongoing use of compounded 3 4-DAP. Pricing negotiations are underway in several additional countries, and we hope to see contributions from those markets before the end of the year. Rollout of the Phase III Firdapse study into several important EU centers should also increase awareness and comfort with Firdapse. And now, I would like to turn the call over to Hank, who will provide an update on our R&D pipeline.

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Deutsche Bank

Thanks, Steve. As J.J. noted earlier, the successful execution of our pipeline is a top priority for the company, and we have made significant progress in advancing our research and development programs during the quarter. Starting with GALNS for MPS IVA, the pivotal Phase III trial is progressing well and we expect enrollment to increase further as additional sites open. We continue to expect to report top line results in the second half of 2012 and to file by either the end of 2012 or beginning of 2013. With regard to the Phase I/II extension study as detailed in a press release issued earlier today, the ongoing study suggests GALNS sustains improvements and endurance in respiratory function for at least 2 years. Recall that in the original Phase I/II study, patients were dosed at 0.1 milligrams per kilo for 12 weeks, and then moved up to 1.0 milligrams per kilogram for 12 weeks and then 2.0 milligrams per kilogram for 12 weeks. Thereafter, these patients were dosed at 1 milligram per kilo for an additional 36 to 48 weeks. And then these patients were brought back to a dose of 2 milligrams per kilo. We can now provide a preliminary update on the findings of these extension studies, including information on patients treated for 24 additional weeks at 2 milligrams per kilo, the dose that we're using in our Phase III pivotal trial. Taken together, patients have been treated for approximately 2 years and their treatment continues on an ongoing extension study. Measures at 6 minutes walk distance, 3 minutes stair climb and pulmonary function all generally improved and sustained for at least 2 years. For the group of patients whose baseline, 6-minute walk distance was less than 325 meters, that is the patient population that will be enrolled in…

Operator

Operator

[Operator Instructions] The first question from Ms. Robyn Karnauskas from Deutsche Bank.

Robyn Karnauskas - Deutsche Bank AG

Analyst · Deutsche Bank

I guess my first question is you mentioned there's some variability over time with the walk test and GALNS and there is a difference between the mean and the median results and you did highlight some possibilities as to why there's a difference. Can you just go into a little more depth on why there's a difference between the mean and median? And maybe what percentage of patients might be outliers when you look at the median data points, it does seem like with the median analysis that the drug efficacy sort of tapers off of a bit.

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Deutsche Bank

Robyn, this is Hank. I think the first thing to point out and it's probably the most important take-home message about this is that the variabilities issues that you're asking me about and I'll get to affect the outcome of the walk test endpoints after 24 weeks of onset of therapy. That is to say, these are really not relevant to the ongoing pivotal trial. And in fact, these issues related to variability, the walk test had already been identified and a number of steps have already been incorporated into the Phase III trial to reduce or minimize the impact of variability. So, one of the most important messages is that we observe these things. They're more relevant to long-term use of GALNS than they are relevant to the pivotal trial. The second thing is, is that in spite of this variability, there's quite a bit of evidence of substantial improvement in endurance and pulmonary functions in patients who are treated for approximately 2 years and ongoing with GALNS. But to get now precisely to your point, the underlying reasons for the difference in the mean and the mean, it relates to probably the fact that some patients have intercurrent events, which are unrelated to the drug. I gave you a couple of examples of that. Two patients -- patients requiring knee surgeries, patients having unplanned drug holidays. And the nature of the Morquio syndrome is severe and progressive and those events will happen, and they will happen increasingly with time on the study. That, by the way, is one of the most important reasons to have a placebo control in the clinical trial because we expect those problems to be present in the placebo group and larger and more severe and longer in duration in placebo-treated patients. So once patients then recover from those events, they tend to get back on GALNS and get back to pre-driven baseline levels and more. As far as numbers, we're down to relatively small number, so I think it's approximately 12 patients in the under 325 group -- I'm sorry, actually 11 patients, 24 weeks later. Approximately half of those patients have what appear to be relatively large improvements in their 6-minute walk from their pre-treatment baseline level and a roughly similar number has values that are closer to 0 change from baseline. Again, emphasis here is that they might have been minus 100 or minus 200 if they weren't on GALNS. And so that's why you see the median closer to a lower number and the mean level is quite high. Hopefully, that addresses a pretty complex, statistical and clinical issue, but I'm sure there'll be more questions.

Operator

Operator

Our next question is from Cory Kasimov from JPMorgan. Cory Kasimov - JP Morgan Chase & Co: I actually have 2 of them for you. First one's also on GALNS. And I'm just wondering with Morquio syndrome, how easy is it to exclude patients that would potentially require what you call it surgical correction of skeletal deformities? Is this something that's pretty obvious at the time of enrollment? And then I have a follow-up on that.

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · JPMorgan

Yes, this is pretty straightforward. These are, they tend to be electively planned surgeries and so they question that the clinician goes through with the patient is how severe is your pain, how dysfunctional are you at present. They discuss with the surgeon the optimal timing for the surgery. An important part of our education and interaction through the clinical trial side, we haven't had this problem so far in the Phase III clinical trial. We haven't had any resistance to this issue in conducting the trial, and given the relatively large size of the pre-identified population, we don't expect this to represent any meaningful negative traction on our ability to execute the Phase III trial. Cory Kasimov - JP Morgan Chase & Co: And then on PEG-PAL, you gave us some good color on the ongoing trial. Your previous guidance was to have data from that study available mid- to late-summer. Is there any particular reason that's now third or fourth quarter? Is it just the complexity of the data set or is there something else behind that?

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · JPMorgan

No, I think it's a mixture of a few little things. I think we want to get more experience before talking to the FDA about getting patients established in that Phe efficacy control range when they've started from the daily dose. We have some of that information in hand. We'd like to get a little bit more of that information in hand. We'd like to get a little bit more information than we currently have about the original Phase I type of formulation, lower PEGylation, lower viscosity because that's going to be important to getting the injection volumes down to an appropriate range. So I think the third element of this is that again, we've talked about this before, the PKU population is a patient population that is to a very large extent, lost to the medical follow up. And so getting them to come to participate in early-stage clinical trials with a lot of demands on frequent measurements of laboratory tests et cetera is a bit of a burden. And we have to talk patients through that and get them to be willing to participate in a pretty intensive clinical trial. We think all of those things go and our expectation is that we will be able to establish the same Phe lowering pattern with daily administration as we did with when we started patients on a weekly uptitration. We expect the PEG light formulation to be tolerable on a long-term basis with no new immunology side effects. We believe it's sufficiently PEGylated, that is. And as we get further in clinical development, we'll simplify our programs and make the participation of trials more palatable and easier to get patients enrolled in the trial. Jean-Jacques Bienaimé: And as Hank said during his prepared remarks, we are in a sense giving you some kind of an update right now. They say we've been able to initially achieve blood Phe reductions in all patients at doses that do add for 1 milligram per kilogram. To me this is very good news because it means that we should be able to address part of market with the one injection per day product. And as Hank said, we are leaning based on the yearly results of comparing the 2 formulations, the high PEGylated versus lower, less PEGylated. Look, we're leaning towards being back to the low PEGylated products because it has a reduced viscosity as compared to the ice that they gave us, this consequently could help us further reduce the volume of injection. It's important that we just don't have enough data that once daily is a low type of product. I'd say that's kind of important. We would rather have more data on that before we sit down with the FDA. And then finally, since this are very complex data, we presented on a face-to-face meeting. That's why we're thinking about it, how many days sometimes before, where we could discuss all the team details in front of you.

Operator

Operator

The next question is from Ms. Salveen Richter from Collins Stewart.

Salveen Richter - Collins Stewart LLC

Analyst · Collins Stewart

In terms of the PEG-PAL study given that you're seeing significant Phe reductions at one injection, do you think that you'd need to conduct a study looking at different viscosities prior to studying the Phase III? And then in terms of the GALNS extension study do you have any early indications that patients are seeing an improvement or deriving any structural benefit here from the drug.

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Collins Stewart

So we did compare the different formulation viscosity materials in a head-to-head trial. That did start weakly. We saw essentially both products were rapidly effective. Both products are listed in immune response, which requires going to a higher dose, and we didn't see any real important differences. We don't believe that it's absolutely required to -- we don't expect that there will be a huge difference between the low viscosity and the high viscosity material when started on a daily schedule. But of course, we'll have -- we'll end up having that data before we go into Phase III, just to make sure. But we don't see that as being a big risk. Jean-Jacques Bienaimé: And structural benefits.

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Collins Stewart

And in then the structural benefits of GALNS. It's probably a little early to tell. I mean, we see some promising signs. I've heard some incredibly encouraging anecdotes from investigators that are quite not ready yet for primetime. The anecdote that I did relay was a little bit settled but the idea is that in patients who have knocked knees from Morquio syndrome, which is pre-pronounced problem, it can cause quite a bit of knee pain and quite a bit of hip pain and quite a bit of immobility and dysfunction. Patients have a screw put into their medial tubulin and femoral plateaus and then stimulate growth. And then the surgeon measures how far apart the screws are as they guide for whether it's correcting that knocked knees. And usually takes 1.5 years for those screws to grow apart enough to correct the knocked knees. And in the 2 patients that remained on GALNS who had this procedure done, this happened in almost half the time that surgical correction effect was achieved. So I think these data are really encouraging that structural improvements will be affected by GALNS either in combination with surgery or potentially alone. I think as we get further into treatment with larger number of patients, we'll be able to possibly see even more dramatic structural changes in skeletal architecture.

Operator

Operator

[Operator Instructions] And the next question is from Lucy Lu with Citigroup.

Lucy Lu - Citigroup Inc

Analyst · Citigroup

Actually, I just have 2 quick questions on PEG-PAL, if I may. The first is with different formulations on PEGylation level, just wondering if you need to go back to any approved clinical testing for this different formulation. And if so, are there any approved clinical tests that you have to do prior to entering Phase III or prior to following DOA? And then that the second question are regarding PEG-PAL is you have said that about half of the patients develop a trend in rash with PEG-PAL. Just wondering if you've done any work to characterize the rash and whether or not you think you need to.

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Citigroup

Yes. So we don't believe that we need to do additional preclinical tests evaluating the formulations. That's not to say that we haven't already concluded those tests. And we feel pretty good about the safety profile and pharmacological profile that we've documented in those tests. Obviously, we'll know more about that after our next interactions with the FDA, but I think we're heard ahead of the curb there. And as far as the rash which develops really in the majority of patients and what we've done to further characterize that, we do now have quite a bit more knowledge about the immunobiology of the rash and a pretty good understanding of why it's transient. And again, this is the kind of thing that would be useful to be able to talk about it at this possible many R&D days later in the year. The short version is, is that it appears that the rash, we believe, and we have to probably test this a little bit more fully that the rash is likely to be related to an IGM to the PEG moiety on the molecule and that IGM reaction is transient and disappears on continued therapy.

Operator

Operator

Next question is from Joseph Schwartz from Leerink.

Joseph Schwartz - Leerink Swann LLC

Analyst · Leerink

I was wondering when can we expect your data from the Phase I/II study of BMN-701 in Pompe. I think you said second half of 2012? And I know you have to go to the FDA between each group, but you're already through the first group and you only have 30 patients in this trial, so it's seeming a little bit conservative perhaps. And I'm wondering, is that the case? And do you have the opportunity for any interim analysis? I know it's open label as well.

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Leerink

Yes, so we're guiding a little bit conservatively on 701. Let me just take you through it. We have not started the second cohort. It'll take a little bit of time. I think we have to wait 2 weeks between the first and second patient and then have a wait between the second and the third patient, and then we have to 12 weeks before we can begin to collect all the safety data for the safety call. And then we have to -- and then we can begin to enroll the third cohort of patients. And so I don't expect to get into the 20 milligram per kilo group until the end of this year and the beginning of next year. And then again, we've got the same -- got to enroll a group of patients over a month or 2. And then a 12-week wait before you can enroll the remaining 20 patients at that top dose, provided that top dose was safe. Having said all of that, having said all of that, it is an open label study, as you say. And if there are pertinent findings earlier, we will -- and in particular, if they are material, well obviously provide an update earlier. We've been guiding a little bit conservatively on 701 largely because we believe that at 20 milligrams per kilo of 701, we're going to be vastly superior in the effectiveness to the available acid glucosidase alpha that's presently in the market for the adult onset Pompe patients. And we must say pretty focused on getting that data because that would be really dramatic if we're able to demonstrate that.

Joseph Schwartz - Leerink Swann LLC

Analyst · Leerink

Okay, great. And other than patients who walk less than 325 meters at baseline per GALNS, do you know why there is a wide variance and benefit among MPS IVA patients? Why certain patients do better than others and is there any way to selectively screen these patients in?

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Leerink

Well, I think the most obvious piece of that is that some patients can't even walk at baseline, for example. They're disease is so severe that it just progressed that far that they couldn't walk even if you had the most effective drug in the world. Having said that, I mentioned that one of our patients in the Phase I/II study wasn't able to walk at baseline and is now ambulating quite well on his knees, and in fact, climbing stairs. So, just because somebody can't walk, doesn't mean they can't benefit. Because walk is the primary endpoint of the study we included all -- we also have a lower limit of the walk, meaning you have to walk at least 30 meters so that we don't have, if you will, the contamination of the nonambulatory patient in the study, and so that's our means to enrich for improved lock out, something you just referenced. Those patients also will have even low walkers, well hey I have improvements in pulmonary function and respiratory function and in stair climbing. And we will capture all those benefits in the Phase III trial as well.

Operator

Operator

Our next question is from Chris Raymond from Robert Baird & Company. Christopher Raymond - Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated: Hank, I just want to make sure I understand one of the points you made in an earlier question. You mentioned, I think, that the variability that you saw in these data are not particularly relevant to the Phase III. Can you explain that a little bit further? Because as I look at the treatment duration in this table, it looks like it falls within the treatment duration in your Phase III. So could you explain that? And also, I don't know if you have these data or this data point, but any estimate from your experience enrolling patients, et cetera, what percent of Morquio patients have baseline walking a 6 minute walk, less than 325 meters?

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Robert Baird & Company

Yes. Okay. So in the table that's in our press release, you'll see the standard deviations in the median values for the walk. For more to week 24, week 36 and then it switches over to week 0 for MOR-100. The thing that's important to recognize is these are all the same patients. So when you start to see much larger standard deviations like 77 or 82 at week 12 or week 24, that's actually week 12 or week 24 of the study called MOR-100. It's actually weeks 84 to 96 to 108 of treatment in the study. So these are heavily treatment experienced patients. These are patients who you couldn't ask to hold off on having their elective surgery for 2 years. The relevant point to look at for variability is the week 24 MOR-002 value because those are treatment naive patients. Those are patients who were talked to by their physician at beginning and said, "Can you hold off on 24 weeks at least?" And there that variability is much lower, and there the mean and the median are much closer together. And that's why I think that the continuing data out to 2 years isn't as relevant to what's going to happen in the Phase III study. It starts with naïve patients and treats them for only 24 weeks. Christopher Raymond - Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated: Can you also remind us the primary endpoint that measures 6-minute walk, that is mean and median or both?

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Robert Baird & Company

It's just a comparison of the mean and treatment naïve patients treated for 24 weeks. Your second is how many patients have a walk of less than 325 meters? We believe that's around 75% or so based on a MOR cap study, our survey study, natural [ph] study.

Operator

Operator

[Operator Instructions] And next question is from Ian Somaiya from Piper Jaffray.

M. Ian Somaiya - Piper Jaffray Companies

Analyst · Piper Jaffray

Just had a question on PEG-PAL, definitely an encouraging update that you provided. Just curious if you could share with us your initial thoughts on the Phase III design type of patients you plan to enroll, and any sort of thoughts on the market opportunity for the drug relative to Kuvan?

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Piper Jaffray

Maybe I'll start and then Steve can take over on the commercial opportunity characterization. But it's a little bit early to talk about the design of Phase III except to say and we believe that Phe lowering as a primary endpoint has been accepted for registration of our product, Kuvan, and should be acceptable for registration of PEG-PAL. We believe that the target population that's most appropriate for PEG-PAL are going to be at a minimum, patients for whom there are no other options available. And we believe that included in that, no other options available will be patients who have essentially decided that they're not going to comply with their physician's recommendations to consume only medical formula. So these will be patients who are already essentially taking in a very large amount of phenylalanine in their food. And we believe that the outcome of that study should be designed in such a way as to show that we can get substantial Phe reductions and into the target range in spite of the fact that these patients are taking in relatively uncontrolled high amounts of Phe in their diet. As to the dosing strategy, I think that's for a little bit later, except to say that we recognize that when you start on PEG-PAL, there's an initial response that requires a clearing out, if you will, of the anti-PEG IGMs. And once you're past that, those come and get escalated and safely into a zone in which you can sustain reductions in blood Phe into really quite dramatic levels.

M. Ian Somaiya - Piper Jaffray Companies

Analyst · Piper Jaffray

Hank, I was actually hoping you could actually comment on duration as well. And any potential plans to measure psychiatric symptoms? I don't know if the trials are going to be long enough to provide that benefit, to determine that benefit.

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Piper Jaffray

I missed the very, very first part of your question.

M. Ian Somaiya - Piper Jaffray Companies

Analyst · Piper Jaffray

The length of the study and whether you'll be measuring neuropsychiatric symptoms or the [ph] drug amounts?

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Piper Jaffray

Yes, so from a length perspective, you demonstrate the efficacy effects really quickly. So I don't think that's going to drive the overall length of the program for the NDA. I think what's going to drive that is just the requirement to document the longer term safety. And so I'm sure we'll have some fraction of patients who are treated up to a year in the ultimate submissions. As far as neuropsychiatric, we reviewed the literature in adult PKU pretty extensively. I think there's little doubt that adults have neuropsychiatric impairments that are tied to elevated blood Phes. And that if you can, under study conditions, lower their blood Phe, you can lower their -- you can remove, reduce the morbidity of their neuropsychiatric condition. Unfortunately, that's not practically achieved except in laboratory studies because patients won't comply with the severe restrictions in their medical food intake. And that, of course, is why PEG-PAL has potentially such an important thing for patients. What's not clear is what neuropsychiatric measure to use, that will require quite a bit more time, placebo-controlled studies over a longer term nature. So we have not undertaken to identify that yet so far in our Phase I/II programs in PEG-PAL and don't have to do that until after approval. This is the same pattern of development that we applied for Kuvan as well, get it on the market for lowering blood Phe, and then investigate the extent of health benefits in social study. Steve, do you want to comment on commercial appeal?

Stephen Aselage

Analyst · Piper Jaffray

Sure. The only thing I would maybe add to what Hank has said is that it's a little bit early to characterize the overall size of the market. But one of the things that I don't think is generally appreciated is that the PEG-PAL development program is really targeting adults. Right now, 65% of the patience on Kuvan are 18 or younger. So to some extent it's not an overlapping group for PKU patients that might be appropriate candidates for the 2 different approaches.

Operator

Operator

And next question is from Eun Yang. Eun Yang - Jefferies & Company, Inc.: Question on PEG-PAL. Have you seen any neutralizing antibodies, any of the patients that have been treated with PEG-PAL to-date?

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Deutsche Bank

It depends on what you mean by neutralizing. So we haven't been able to demonstrate in the maybe minor exceptions, any interference of an antibody with the enzymatic activity of PEG-PAL. What we do see though is the correlation of INGG to PEG-PAL and plasma concentration and Phe lowering. And that's probably not inhibition of the enzymatic activity because like I said, the enzyme was so buried deep within the PEG, but it's probably related to the binding of the antibody to PEG-PAL and its clearance in the circulation. And that's why the simple way to deal with that is just go to a higher dose, which is what we've done. And they have been able to show that we can do that safely.

Operator

Operator

Next question is from Mr. Ying Huang from Gleacher & Company.

Unknown Analyst -

Analyst · Gleacher & Company

This is Ryan, in for Ying. Just very quickly, related to Naglazyme, what geographic region is most important for growth that you guys are focusing on?

Stephen Aselage

Analyst · Gleacher & Company

I don't think I could characterize one region as most important for growth. We've got a number of areas, where we think it's important to continue to grow the franchise. Latin America continues to as add substantial numbers of new patients. The Middle East has significant potential that we haven't fully tapped into yet. Same can be said for Turkey. We're currently opening hoping our office in Russia. We've been very pleased to see the contribution of Russia. It's well ahead of schedule. Very difficult to determine what the opportunity is there. We don't have good visibility in the patient numbers yet. But clearly, it's a significant opportunity for us. We also have some opportunities in Asia-Pacific region that while visibility on patient numbers isn't clear, what is clear is that there are significant numbers in some areas that aren't very well penetrated yet. So we really look at this as a global franchise and are spreading our activities around the world into any areas where we feel there's substantial opportunity for growth.

Operator

Operator

Next question from Nicholas Bishop from Cowen and Company.

Unknown Analyst -

Analyst · Cowen and Company

Just a quick one on Naglazyme. In Q1, we know there was a timing of Brazilian order resulted in significant quarter-over-quarter increase. And I was wondering what's driving quite the strong quarter this time around? And then just quickly a follow-up on PEG-PAL. The dose titration potential that you mentioned to get through the kind of rash period, that along would that be, would you imagine and what kind of monitoring patients would you need to do in order to achieve that?

Stephen Aselage

Analyst · Cowen and Company

Hank here, want me to take the Naglazyme question first? I mean there was nothing particularly unusual about this quarter. If you take a look at the last 8 or 9 quarters and trend things out, you'll see it's been relatively steady growth. You see some ups and downs quarter-to-quarter. But over the long-haul, you see, if you put a trend line on that it's really very steady growth and there's nothing particularly unusual about this quarter. We're continuing to get new patients from both existing and new geographies that we're moving into.

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Cowen and Company

And on the second question, what we see clinically is that if the rash comes on within about 10 days and is usually resolved within a week or so, so we're aiming to have that transient period of vulnerability be managed well within a month before those uptitration can be accomplished.

Operator

Operator

Next question from Shiv Kapoor for Morgan Joseph.

Shiv Kapoor - Morgan Joseph TriArtisan LLC

Analyst

On your PARP inhibitor program. PARP’s a bad shepherd as seen in the past and there are lots of competitors ahead of you guys. How does your growth stack up with competition? And what gives you the confidence that you can have a meaningful late competitor?

Robert Baffi

Analyst

I think as a couple of really important consolidations there. First of all, the most checkered of the so-called PARP inhibitors, probably by the account of both the corporate sponsor of the molecule, as well as by National Cancer Institute scientists is actually a Park inhibitor. May be active in the subgroup of patients and it may have a different mechanism force activity, but that's not Park inhibitor. I think the second consideration is that in general, the idea of targeting therapy to molecular defined malignancies has been really the exception, not the rule. And although there are a lot of competitors, really there are very few competitors to talk about, molecular targeting is their explicit strategy. We've been telling you about molecular targeting as our explicit strategy from the beginning. It is a competitive space. We have to monitor that space. We have to be aggressive and there are no guarantees that our compound will be more effective and more fast than competitors. But I think we do have a sound strategy to find effectiveness as quickly and directly as possible. And if it's there, move the program forward. If it's not there, move on because there are plenty of other assets in the BioMarin portfolio.

Operator

Operator

The next question from Liana Moussatos from Wedbush Securities.

Liana Moussatos - Wedbush Securities Inc.

Analyst · Wedbush Securities

Can you give us the geographic breakdown of Q2 sales for Naglazyme?

Jeffrey Cooper

Analyst · Wedbush Securities

Sure. U.S. sales were $8.5 million. EU sales were $20.6 million and international was $31.2 million.

Operator

Operator

Last question is from Brian Abrahams from Wells Fargo.

Matthew Andrews - Wells Fargo Securities, LLC

Analyst · Wells Fargo

This is Matthew calling in for Brian. As it relates to the Morquio extension study, did you collect data related to cardiac function, hearing, quality of life, biomarkers related to bone and cartilage, metabolism which may provide some additional evidence of activity beyond your functional results and the keratan sulfate reductions? And if so, when may you present those data?

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Wells Fargo

Yes. I'm glad you asked that question. So, the easy ones to answer are cardiac function. Yes, we collected that data. Stair climb is probably a great measure of cardiorespiratory function above and beyond what a flat walk measures. We see great improvement in stair climbing. As I mentioned, if you just look at kind of year-over-year changes, at week 24 of the MOR-002 study, which is their first 24 weeks on therapy, mean improvements there is climbed per minute is 6.9. Almost a year later that number goes to 13.6. The extent to which this measure is underlying cardiorespiratory performance, we see continued improvement in endurance as unaffected by that parameter, probably doing the underline either cardiac, respiratory or both limitations. We've also measured some bone markers. Some of that is positive. It hasn't been all digested. It needs to be digested and presented to a scientific meeting, but we're encouraged by what we see at the bone biological level. You mentioned things like hearing and vision and valve disease. And I think it's too early to see if those don't happen later in the course of the years or not ubiquitous in the course of disease. So I think it's a little bit early to say if that's going to have positive effects on those aspects of Morquio Syndrome. Jean-Jacques Bienaimé: And back to the pulmonary function and core capacity, and these are different patient populations and the results, the data, and the improvement is significantly greater than reserving Aldurazyme as our therapy.

Matthew Andrews - Wells Fargo Securities, LLC

Analyst · Wells Fargo

And when we may see this data, next year possibly? Jean-Jacques Bienaimé: No, our full capacity is in the press release today.

Matthew Andrews - Wells Fargo Securities, LLC

Analyst · Wells Fargo

No, just the other issues that Dr. Fuchs mentioned.

Henry Fuchs

Analyst · Wells Fargo

Oh I'm not sure that we've picked a specific target in the presentation.

Operator

Operator

There are no further questions. I'll hand the conference back to Mr. Bienaimé. Please go ahead, sir. Jean-Jacques Bienaimé: So in summary, I think we had a pretty good first half of 2011. We saw [indiscernible] Q1 and Q2, we are in progress on advancing our R&D pipeline and we have more programs that you think we ever had before. And we have shown good progress for the GALNS and. So we believe we are very well positioned for the second half of the year. And we are looking forward to the clinical model over the coming months. So thank you for your continued support and for joining us on today's call. Bye.

Operator

Operator

Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, that concludes your conference call for today, you may now disconnect, thank you for joining and have a very good day.