Michael McFerran
Management
Sure. So, the consolidation trend is ongoing and I think you’ve seen transaction announcements in the market in and around the all space that are good indication of the continuation of that trend. Obviously, in the traditional space, some of the catalysts for consolidation are different than we’ve seen in the all space, right. Traditional space to move towards passive investing, significant fee pressure and weak capital flows. In the all space, we’re actually not seeing dramatic fee pressure. We’re seeing positive flows. So, the consolidation story is a little bit different, but it's real and it's continuing, and it all centers around some of the teams that we highlighted in the prepared remarks most of the large global investors are trying to reduce the number of GP relationship that they have. And I think they’re trying to do with first and foremost to make their businesses as more efficient and less complicated. I think they’re also realizing that large global managers like us, who have broad geography, multi-asset class capabilities that they can access different market much quicker with much less friction, particularly in markets where volatilities is popping up more frequently. And so, I do believe that a lot of that is being driven by people’s views that risk adjusted returns or actually better for the larger managers in many cases that predict as you navigate changing markets. And then lastly the fees, clearly if you are coming to a platform like ours with significant amounts of strategic capital in the form of SMAs to get at some of these synergies, there is always a conversation around fees and economics for that relationship. I will say, if you look at our fee rate blended across the platform, you'll actually see that's been going up pretty consistently based on mix, number one. And then we look at the marginal profit on those types of relationships, it’s very, very high. So, the consolidation of LPs putting more money with pure GPs obviously translates into an opportunity for us to continue to consolidate on the asset manager side to be able to offer those products in a very cost effective way, but fee pressures really not a big part of the conversation. As we talk about in the past, we have seen some fee pressure in the more liquid part to our credit business. Historically, I would say both of that pressure is behind us in the market that settled out at a fee level where it makes sense to the market. But in the true what we call 2 and 20 type structures commingled fund, asset classes require significant origination, infrastructure and investments and sourcing in research and portfolio management. Fee pressure is a very small part of that conversation.